发布时间 : 星期六 文章安徽省合肥市2019届高三上学期调研性检测英语试题含答案更新完毕开始阅读
D.A girl with a3D-printed hand throws her first pitch
D
Babies teach their older brothers and sisters empathy（移情）, according to a new research. Empathy means understanding and entering others’ feelings. Until now, younger kids have generally been regarded to learn plenty from their older brothers or sisters but don’t give back much. But this study, published in Child Development confirms that younger siblings（兄弟姐妹）ensure their big brothers and sisters don’t grow into disgusting people—no easy task.
“Although it’s assumed that older siblings and parents are the primary socializing influences on younger siblings’ development but not vice versa, we found that both younger and older siblings positively contributed to each other’s empathy over time,” study co-author Marc Jambon said in a statement. Prior sibling studies have focused on the influence of older brothers and sisters, probably because their impact is most obvious. As one review of literature notes, studies have shown that older siblings influence everything from their younger siblings’ motor development to their risk of smoking later in life. And although separated studies have tried to pin down effects that younger siblings have on their older siblings, the influence of baby brothers and sisters remains unclear.
For this new study, Jambon and his colleagues recruited（招募）a diverse group of 452 Canadian sibling pairs between the ages of 18 months and four years. At the start of the study, individual researchers assessed children’s baseline empathy levels by visiting the kids at home and then pretending to hurt themselves or break a valuable item. Eighteen months later, they found small but significant increases in empathy.
One unexpected exception—older sisters did not appear to experience increased empathy after 18 months living with their little brothers, specifically. The researchers aren’t sure why this exception appeared, and they recommend that future studies dive into more complex phenomena. 32. What has been found in the new research? A. Young kids could show more sympathy on others.
B. Young siblings know more about empathy than the older.
C. Younger siblings could contribute to their older ones’ empathy. D. Younger kids can learn a lot from their older brothers or sisters. 33. What does Marc Jambon say about kids’ empathy development? A. Siblings influence each other in a positive way. B. Parents play a more important role than teachers. C. Older siblings have far more obvious influences. D. Younger siblings make much smaller contribution.
34. What does the underlined words “pin down” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Assess. Reduce.
35. What can we infer about the research from the last paragraph? A. It offers no exceptions. control.
C. It is recognized to be scientific. out further.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Critical（批判的）thinking is the art of using reason to analyze ideas and dig deeper to get to our true potential. It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer. 36 Here are some tips and ideas to help you build a foundation for critical thinking.
Question your assumptions. We make a lot of assumptions about almost everything. It’s how our brain processes certain pieces of information, and how we get along in everyday life. You could say they are the foundation of our critical framework. 37 Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.
Don’t take information on authority until you've investigated it yourself. Instead of double-checking everything anyone says, we tend to label information as either coming from a trustworthy or not trustworthy source. This keeps us from double-checking every piece of information that comes our way, saving time and energy.
D. It needs to be carried
B. It appears to be under
B. Limit.
C. Confirm.
D.
But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don’t. 38
Put yourself in other people’s shoes. Empathy can also help you develop your critical thinking skills. 39 You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behavior. The deeper your insight into yourself and others, the wiser your decisions will be.
40 There is no way to learn better than learning from your friends. If you only want to be a big fish swimming in the little pond just because your ego（自负）feels good, keep this part. If you are wondering about how to develop critical skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego. A. Actually, it’s about thinking better.
B. Surround yourself with people smarter than you. C. Be someone that people know that they can count on.
D. You should not judge others until you fully understand their situation. E. But what if they turned out to be wrong, or at least not entirely truthful? F. The reason is that understanding does not always go with the right action. G. So what is published in a magazine or online doesn’t mean it’s necessarily true. 第三部分
语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life. I had a 41 job that paid the bills; I had a good family that I was close to, and I had a place to live and money in the bank for trips and 42 , and there was nothing much wrong in my life. 43 , I was bored.
I wanted more. I wanted to live 44 and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the 45 ones of everyday life. But I was 46 . I’ve never had any 47 in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of 48 , and even though I did get better as I got older, I never quite 49 that childhood shyness.
And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence. I took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really 50 .
So I 51 that the small steps weren’t enough. I signed up for an internship（实习期）teaching English in Vietnam, an 52 huge step, one that 53 me as much as it excited me. And then the day came and I left my home and my loved one. I was alone in a country where the food was 54 and the streets were dirty. I had no idea whether I would be able to 55 everything this very strange environment would 56 at me.
I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching and exploring and laughing. I’d learned to 57 myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home 58 , even to myself, let alone to others. The 59 that had controlled my life and the self-doubt were completely 60 .
That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me. 41. A. stable
D. demanding
B. rewards B. Instead
C. treats C. Otherwise
D. fines D.
B. temporary
C. difficult
42. A. tips 43. A. Thus However
44. A. easily modestly 45. A. bitter sweet 46. A. proud 47. A. pride shame
48. A. stress
D. surprise
B. brightly C. peacefully D.
B. clear C. gray D.
B. innocent
C. outgoing
D. afraid
D.
B. confidence C. interest
B. excitement C. confusion
49. A. added to from
50. A. continued
B. talked about C. got over D. suffered
B. survived C. failed D.