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高考阅读专项训练（2）根据上下文猜测词义
A定义法
观察难词前后的句子往往可以帮助读者理解这个词的意思。 如1. Anthropology is the scientific study of man.
2. (NMET2000 C篇 ) Decision- thinking is not unlike poker…. This card game has often been of considerable interest to people. B.解释法
文中常用解释性词语引出生词含义
1.In general, continuous exposure to sounds of over 80 decibels ( unit for measuring the loudness of sounds) can be considered dangerous.
2.The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. C.同义词、近义词为线索猜测词义法
1．The new tax law supersedes, or re- places, the law that was in effect last year 2．Mother was tall, fat and middle- aged. The principal of the school was an older woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter. 3．Mr. Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious. D反义词和对比关系为线索猜测词义法
1．In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil。
2．Unlike his sister, who is a warm, interested person, John is apathetic to everyone and everything.
E.以列举的句子为线索猜测词义
1．Defined most broadly, folklore includes all the customs, belief and tradition that people have handed down from generation to generation.
2． Many United Nations employees are polyglots; Mr.Simoson, for example, speaks five languages fluently. Mr.Simoson
3．When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. 4．Metal contrasts as it becomes cool. 高考练习；
1）You won't believe this but as soon as I got home I crashed out for hours. Then I had dinner and went back to bed, fearing the sound of the alarm which would tell me to get ready for the second day of the sale.
1.The underlined expression \
A. chatted with her friends. B. slept soundly. C. broke down. D. dined out. 2）He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understood anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. I hadn't the slightest idea who she was but I obviously had to go.
2 .The underlined phrase (make out) in the first paragraph means __________. A. expect. B. understand. C. see clearly. D. hear clearly. 3） Let us say your child is named Jenny. She lives on Oak Drive in St. Louis, has a
dog named Spot, a cat named Tabby, and three playmates whose names are Betsy, Sandy, and Jody. The computer uses this information to fill out a story that has already been prepared and illustrated（配上插图）. The story is then printed with standard equipment as a hard- cover book. A child who receives such a book might say, \
3．Here \
A. complete a story B. make full a story C. tell a story D. invent a story 4) Next you will find an excellent builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets.
4．The phrase（短语）\ A. making a picture of a building or a room B. making a plan C. working out a plan D. pulling a picture out of a room
5) I was on the way to a personal-injury accident in West Nashville. As I got onto Highway 40, blue lights and sirens（警笛）going, I fell in behind a gold Pontiac Firebird that suddenly seemed to take off quickly down the highway. The driver somehow panicked at the sight of me. He was going more than a hundred miles an hour and began passing cars on the shoulder. 5.The meaning of “panicked”in Paragraph 2 is related to _____.
A. shame
B. hate
C. anger
D. fear
6) Grown－ups also have a sense of object permanence. We know that if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. But does a baby realize that a ball that rolls under a chair does not disappear and go to never-never land?
6. In Paragraph 3, “object permanence”means that when out of sight, an object ________. A. still exists B. keeps its shape C. still stays solid D. is beyond reach 7) Kit Williams，a modern writer，had the idea of combining the real excitement of a treasure hunt with clues（线索）found in a book when he wrote a children's story，Masquerade，in 1979．The book was about a hare，and a month before it came out Williams buried a gold hare in a park in Bedfordshire．The book contained a large number of clues to help readers find the hare，but Williams put in a lot of \，or false clues，to mislead them． 7. The underlined word \（paragraph1）refers to ____ ．
A．red herrings B．children C．hares D．readers of Masquerade
8).A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle；it can be a basket of fun，according to Beth Anaclerio，an Evaston mother of two，ages 4 and 18months．
8.What does the underlined word \（paragraph 1） probably mean？ A．a party designed by specialists B．a plan requiring careful thought C．a situation causing difficulty or trouble D．a demand made by guests 答案；1-4BBAA 5-8DADC