发布时间 : 星期五 文章2020年人教版英语八年级下册Unit7单元知识点讲解和练习(无答案)更新完毕开始阅读
2020年人教版英语八年级下册 Unit7比较级和最高级
一、比较级和最高级简要概述：
1、 比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。表示“较……”或“更……一些”。标志词：than (比） 单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加more.
如:smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder ,more interesting , more quickly
2、 最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间的比较。标志词：in+大范围, of all, of +the+具体的数字,表示“最……”的意思。单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加most. 在形容词的最高级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如 ：smallest, tallest, newest, best；most interesting, most difficultly, 3、有些双音节和单音节形容词，既可以加er或est构成比较级和最高级，也可以加more 和most构成比较级和最高级。friendly huge calm free true clever 4、某些单音节形容词，加more, most 构成比较级和最高级。 glad – more glad – most glad
pleased – more pleased – most pleased tired – more tired – most tired often-more often- most often
二、比较级和最高级举例如下：
（1）Mary is cleverer than her little sister.
（2）The new building is higher than the old one. （3）His shirt is more expensive than mine. （4）Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. （5）She is five years older than I am. （6）He is 2 centimeters taller than her.
（7）This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one. （8）He is the youngest of all the children.
（9）This book is the most interesting of all books.
（10）America is the most developed country in the world. （11）The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. （12）He is one of the greatest scientists in China.
(13) The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. (14) Lucy is one of the tallest girls in her class. (15) Give my best wishes to you. (16) He is my best friend.
三、比较级和最高级注意要点（常考知识点）：
1.、The new building is higher than the old one.（one指代building） Those apples are bigger than these ones.（ones指代apples）
2.、His shirt is more expensive than mine.（mine=my+shirt） 如果主语是物主代词+名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。
3、 Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. She is five years older than I am. I drink more tea than he (does). than前后句子的时态相同。通常用be动词、情态动词can, may, must, could, should和助动词do, does ,did, will，have等来简答。
4.、I have more pens than you (do). many,much,little,few等词必须带名词。
5、形容词比较级的修饰。比较级前面可以用even(更加)，much(……得多)，far(……得多)，a little(……一点)，a bit(一点)，a lot(大量)，still(还，还要)等词语表示不定程度或数量。 I am even less lucky. She is far better than me at writing. This pen is much better than that one. Tom is a little shorter than his friend Jim.
6、表示在两者之间相差的程度用“具体数字+比较级+ than+ 比较对象”。 The road is two metres longer than that one . 这条公路比那条公路长两米。 This pencil is four inches shorter than that one .这只铅笔比那只铅笔短四英寸。
7、形容词的比较级 + and + 形容词的比较级 （前后形容词是同一个） 越来越…… She is becoming thinner and thinner.
Our country is becoming richer and richer.
There are more and more students in our school.
Living in the world is becoming more and more difficult.
8、the + 形容词的比较级 + …… + the +形容词的比较级 表示“ 越……，就越……” The more you eat, the fatter you will be. The harder you study, the more you will get. The smaller the house is, the less it will cost. The sooner, the better.
9、the + 形容词比较级 + of 短语 两者中比较……的一个 She is the prettier of the two girls. The bike is the older of the two. His is the taller of the two.
This one is the more beautiful of the the two picture. 10、表示“……是……的几倍”，用“倍数+as+原级+as”结构=“(倍数-1)+比较级+than”结构。This classroom is three times as big as that one. 这个教室的大小是那个教室的3倍。
This classroom is twice bigger than that one.这个教室比那个大2倍。 11、Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom？
Which language is __C__ , English, French or Chinese?A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficult. Which/Who…+ 比较级，A or B? Which/Who…+ 最高级，A ，B or C?
12、This is the third largest city in China.（the+序数词+最高级，第几……）
13、The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. one of+ the+最高级+名词复数 14、It’s our largest machine in our factory. 当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词the.
四、形容词原级的比较。
形容词的原级与as……as连用表示肯定意思，是“和……一样”的意思；与not as/ so ……as连用表示否定意义，是“不如”或“不一样”的含义。 She is as pretty as her mother. The book is as new as that one.
The story is as interesting as that one.
The question is not as / so difficult as that one. My bike is not as / so good as yours. 一、熟读牢记关键数字
迅速无误识别数字的前提是必须能够流利地读出数字。要从读两位数起，然后练习读三位和四位数乃至五位或六位以上的数字。其中两位和三位数的读法是读所有数字的基础。读三位以上的数字时，从右向左依次三位用逗点隔开，英文数字中的每一个逗点的读法也要牢记：第一个逗点前读\，第二个逗点前读\，第三个逗点前读\。 Examples：
1,234 读作：one thousand, two hundred and thirty-four 4,567,809 读作：four million, five hundred and sixty-seven thousand, eight hundred and nine 5,678,120,000 读作：five billion, six hundred and seventy-eight million, one hundred and twenty thousand。
1. 在表达某物长、宽、高等时，要用此结构：物+be+数词+单位词+形容词，如：
The Yangtze is 6300 kilometers long. The building is 150 meters high. The road is only two meters wide. A 5-meter-wide river 一条五米宽的河。
2. 以上结构可以互换为：The length (long的名词)of… ……的长度；The height (high的名词)of… …….的高度；The width(wide的名词) of…… …….的宽度；The depth(deep的名词) of，…..的深度；deeply，副词，深深地，I am deeply moved by the film. 我被这部电影深深地感动了。
The ruler is 20cm long. =The length of the ruler is 20cm. =The ruler is 20cm in length.
3. 对长、宽、高等提问要用how long, how wide, how high(建筑物、山的高)，how tall（人和动物的高）。How high is the building?
4. 比较级和最高级的转化：The Pacific Ocean is the biggest in the world. =The Pacific Ocean is bigger than any other ocean. =The Pacific Ocean is bigger than all the other oceans. =No ocean is as big as the Pacific Ocean. (any other+名词单数，而all the other+名词复数)。 5. population 人口；人口数量，The population of…is…, ……的人口
The population of China is over (more than) 1.3 billion. 中国有十三亿多人口。
对人口数量提问要用 What’s the population of……? What’s the population of Japan? 表示人多时要用large或big；人少时用small。
China has the biggest population in the world.世界上中国人口最多。
The population of Japan is much smaller than that of China. 日本的人口要比中国少得多。 6. feel free 随意，不要拘束； Feel free to do sth 随便做某事
Feel free to as k questions if you don’t understand. 你要是不懂，可以随便提问。
7. talk about the parts of the Great Wall from the Ming Dynasty, 谈论明代以来修的长城 8. ancient 古代的，古老的 Rome is one of the ancient countries. 罗马是古老的国家之一。 9. Asia 亚洲 in Asia 在亚洲；形容词为Asian；Asian countries 亚洲国家。
10. on the wall 和 in the wall 在墙上; 前者指在墙的表面，如黑板，画等；后者指在墙的里面，如门窗，钉子，洞等。
11. amazing 和amazed What she said made me amazed. Be amazed at 对……大为惊奇（-ed形容词和-ing形容词）
12. protect 保护 Protecting environment is our duty. 保护环境是我们的责任。
Protect……from……保护……免受…….Mothers always protect their children from being harmed.母亲们总是保护她们的孩子免受伤害。
13. The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 主要原因是保护他们的部分国土。（不定式表示目的）。如：As students, our job is to learn all the subjects well. 作为学生，我们的工作是要把所有的科目学好。
14. one of the oldest countries历史最悠久的国家之一，one of the word’s most dangerous
sports世界最危险的运动之一，one of the most popular places最受欢迎的地方之一（one of +最高级+名词复数）；one of the main reasons主要原因之一 15. The Great Wall tour 长城之旅，We had a happy tour to Beijing, but there were too many tourists. 我们有一次愉快的北京之旅，但游客太多了。
16. run along 延伸 the southwestern part of China 中国西南部 方位名词north/south/west/east+ern构成形容词, ……的
17. rise the highest升的最高，the most famous最有名的，even more serious difficulties甚至更严重的问题，The road runs along the river bank. 这条公路沿河岸延伸。freezing weather conditions 极冷的气候条件，heavy storms暴风雪，take in air吸入空气=breathe呼吸。
18. difficult的名词为difficulty，复数形式为difficulties，困难。Have difficulties（in）doing sth=have trouble （in）doing sth在做某事上有困难
We have some difficulties in learning English. 我们学英语有些困难。
19. include和including区别，前者为动词，作谓语；后者为介词，常与前句用逗号隔开，有时用在句中，对前面的名词作进一步解释说明；如
My pets include two cats and a dog. =I have many pets, including two cats and a dog. I love basketball players including Yao Ming and Yi Jianlian. 20. cover the top覆盖了顶部，be covered with, …….被……覆盖 The road was covered with snow. 路被雪覆盖着。
21. It is+adi+(for sb) +to do sth 对某人来说做某事是……的，it为形式主语，to do sth是真正的主语，It is important for me to learn English. It’s impolite to shout at others. 冲别人大喊大叫是不礼貌的。此结构常用于表示事物的特征特点，用表示客观的形容词：easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等。
It’s +adi+of sb to do sth一般表示人物的性格、品德，用表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, clever, nice, foolish, right等。
It’s very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
22. the first people to reach the top, 第一批到达山顶的人；the first woman to succeed 第一位成功的女人，这两句中的动词不定式都作定语修饰前面的名词。 23. 到达：reach+地点；get to+地点，get to school到校，get home/here/there(to 省略)；arrive in+大地方，arrive at+小地方。
24. on May 29,1953具体时间前用on；in June，2015，不具体时间前用in。 25. risk one’s life 冒着某人的生命危险；risk their lives 冒着他们的生命危险。
26. challenge oneself挑战某人自己，challenge myself，此处为动词；名词时，为可数名词，一个挑战，a challenge。
27. in the face of difficulties/dangers/challenges 面对困难、危险、挑战 28. give up doing sth放弃做某事，achieve our dreams实现我们的梦想， the forces of nature自然的力量，此处force为名词，force还可做动词，意思为“强迫”，force sb to do sth强迫某人做某事，Nobody can force me to do anything。没人能强迫我做任何事。
29. show sb sth=show sth to sb给某人看某物；show sb that从句，向某人表明/展示…… 30. even though=even if 即使，Many people try to climb the mountain even though it is difficult. 即使很危险，许多人都努力登这座山。
31. live up to 活到……I hope you can live up to 100 yeas old. Live for a short time活的时间很短。
32. prepare …for ….为…….准备……., prepare为动词，名词为preparation