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高二英语第二学期 涂雅
第八章
动词的语态 teaching plan
第一、二课时
一、 学情分析
学生对于被动语态有一定的了解，但只停留在一知半解上，在实际写作运用中，学生经常会写错被动语态的句子，尤其对be动词的使用，主谓一致的规则掌握不好，因此，本章节会针对性地给学生复习被动语态，并将其与主动语态进行对比，让学生能够很好地把握被动语态的用法。 二、 教学目标 1. 知识与技能 A． 了解语态的种类及基本概念； B． 学习被动语态的构成及各种形式； C． 主动语态变为被动语态。 2. 过程与方法 A． 比较法 B． 演示法 C． 讲授法
3. 情感态度与价值观 A． 培养学生的规范语言表达； B． 让学生体会语言的灵活多变。 三、 教学重、难点 1. 语态的分类及其用法； 2. 被动语态的正确使用；
3. 主动语态变被动语态的注意事项； 四、 教学过程
Before class:(先学任务)
1）判断下列句子是主动语态还是被动语态。 1. The old man got hurt in the street.(被动语态) 2. The girl must be taken care of.（被动语态） 3. We clean our classroom every day.（主动语态）
4. Our classroom is cleaned by us every day.（被动语态） 2）句型转换。
1. The students respect their teacher.
Their teachers are respected by the students. 2. She wrote the letter in English.
The letter was written by her in English. 3. They will open a new shop.
A new shop will be opened by them.
4. A lot of people were found working there. We found a lot of people working there. 5. Time is always made good use of by her. She always makes good use of time.
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高二英语第二学期 涂雅
During class:
Step1: warming up & lead in
1. Check students’ assignment and introduce what they will learn in this class. 2. 语态的种类和基本概念 类别 基本概念 例句 主动语态（active voice） 表示主语是动作的执行者 We clean our classroom every day. 被动语态（passive voice） 表示主语是动作的承受者 Our classroom is cleaned by us every day. Step2: 被动语态的构成 被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成；助动词be有人称，构成说明 时态和数的变化，其变化规则与联系动词be完全一样。现以ask为例列表说明。 一般时 进行时 完成时 方式 时间 am am has 现在 is asked is being asked been asked are are have was was 过去 asked being asked had been asked were were shall be shall 将来 asked —— have been asked will be will 过去将来 should be should asked —— have been asked would be would 注意：被动语态除了常用be加过去分词构成，也可以用get+过去分词结构：The old man got hurt in the street. Step3:主动语态变为被动语态
句子由主动语态改为被动语态结构时，须注意以下几点：
1）主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语（如果是代词，宾格形式须变为主格形式）； 2）主动结构的谓语动词由主动语态变为被动语态；
3）主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语（如果是代词，主格形式须变为宾格形式）。由于被动语态强调动作的承受者，在动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时，by短语可以省略。
1. People have used plastics widely.----Plastics have been used widely by people. 2. My mother was cleaning the room when I got home yesterday.
----The room was being cleaned by my mother when I got home yesterday. 3. He said that the workers would build the bridge next year. ----He said that the bridge would be built next year.
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高二英语第二学期 涂雅
4. Mr. Lin will have taught this class for three years by next summer.
----This class will have been taught by Mr. Lin for three years by next summer. 当堂导练一：
1)将下列句子变为被动语态。
1. They set up a small library in their class. A small library was set up in their class. 2. We can change water into ice. Water can be changed into ice. 2)写出两个被动语态的句子。
The boy was punished by his teacher.
By the year of 2020, the university will have been fully constructed.
Step4: 被动语态的用法
1. 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要强调动作的执行者时，用被动语态； This kind of color TVs are made in Shanghai. 2. 当我们需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时，用被动语态； English is spoken in many countries.
3. 当我们出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时，用被动语态； You’ll be phoned at once. 我们会马上打电话给你的。（避免说出“我们”） Where can you be met? 哪里可以和你见面。（避免说出 “我”） 4. 少数动词习惯上用被动语态； I was born in 1945.
He is said to be a good husband.
Step5: 含有被动意义的主动语态
1. 有些及物动词作不及物动词用时，形式上虽为主动，但表示被动意义； The dictionary sells well.
This jacket will wear very long. This fields flooded.
Ripe bananas peel easily. The poem reads well.
2. 有些进行时，形式上主动，但包含被动意义（这类句子也可以改成被动语态）； The magazine is printing. Dinner is getting ready.
3. 某些连系动词，如：smell, taste, sound, feel, prove等； Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth. The flowers smell sweet. The tool has proved useful. 4. 其他一些情况：
The window blew open. 窗给风吹开了。 The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。
The silk has worn thin. 这丝织品已经穿薄了。
After class： Step6: 自辅落实
1)用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
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高二英语第二学期 涂雅
1. I ___________(give) a new book by my father on my birthday. 2. English ___________(find) very useful.
3. The work ______________(finish) tomorrow.
4. The flowers ______________(water) by them now.
5. The railway ________________ (build) this time last year. 6. The new way _______ already _________ (build).
7. The new railway ___________ (build) by the end of last year.
8. He told me the sports meeting ____________(hold) the next month. 9. Rice ___________(grow) in the south of the States.
References：1.was given 2.is found 3.will be finished 4.are being watered 5.was being built 6.has, been built 7.had been built 8.would be held 9.is grown
2）将下列句子改为被动语态。
1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film. The objects in the film can be touched.
2. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness. A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt. 3. RealCine might not impress some viewers.
Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine. 4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too. RealCine could be used in the classroom too. 5. Film-makers should use RealCine for all films. RealCine should be used for all films.
Step7:课后反思
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