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2018-2019学年上海市浦东新区建平中学高二上学期英语期中试卷
I. Listening Comprehension(略)
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Prepare to Succeed People are always thinking about success. It is usually in their brains as they go about their daily routines (21）______( look) for something better. This thought isn’t one (22)______brings you closer, however, because thinking, dreaming or wishing just doesn’t get it done.
One of the most important parts of personal or professional success is preparation. You may ask, “Why is preparation necessary?”
The easiest answer to this question is to say that (23) ______you are not ready to move forward, then you may just as well keep doing what you have always done. Success doesn't come easy. There are no shortcuts. Success requires you to be prepared to sacrifice leisure time, or time spent watching television or going out with your friends, at every opportunity. Success means you are prepared to do (24)______it takes to constantly move the yardsticks forward clay after day. Here is just one quote, from Calyin Coolidge, the 30th president of the United States, that expresses what preparation is (25)______: “Our real problem is not our strength today. It is rather the vital necessity of action today to ensure our strength tomorrow.” This quote can (26)______(interpret) to mean that you may have strength or confidence to start on your way right now to move toward your final goal. However, it is also critical that committed action each day (27)______(build) to help you keep going when obstacles arise or when you just don't feel like you have the interest or energy to stay (28) ______(focus).
Preparation also means that you have plan or a goal it shows you what steps or actions to take, when to take them and what to do if issues, obstacles or (29)______ life issues get in the way.
(30)______bottom line is actually quite clear: You are either willing, able and committed to achieve what you want, or you are simply dreaming or wishing that success find you. 【答案】 21. looking 27. builds 【解析】
21. 考查非谓语动词。句子属于复合句，其中有两个谓语，因此不需要谓语动词，同时表主动，因此building。 22. 考查定语从句。根据前一句当中的one判断为定从，从句缺主语，先行词是不定代词，因此that。 23. 考查状语从句。根据状语从句的结构，逗号隔开，根据主句中的情态动词，再结合句意，因此if。 24. 考查宾语从句。根据句子前面的do判断是宾语从句，同时缺少主语，又泛指，因此whatever。 25. 考查介词。根据句子结构判断为介词，再根据句意，“什么是preparation”，判断出介词about。 26. 考查谓语动词。根据前面的情态动词判断是动词原形，表被动，因此be interpreted。
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22. that 23. if 24. whatever 25.about 28. focused
29. other 30. The
26.be interpreted
27. 考查谓语动词。根据句法分析，本句话中缺少谓语，但注意：build在此处做不及物动词，因此builds。 28. 考查非谓语动词。根据句法分析，空格中的动词充当表语，同时表示聚精会神，因此focused。 29. 考查代词。根据句意，if issues暗示了some的出现，因此other做形容词修饰life issues。 30. 考查冠词。特指底线，bottom line,因此The。
Section B (10分)
Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. communicating B. reflection C. implied D. interrupted E. thoughtful
F. value G. agreement H. sharing I. gap J. possible K. conflicts
The meaning of silence varies among cultural group. Silence may be (31)_____, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to feel every (32)______ with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs. Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of (33)____ among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these culture is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be (34) ______ is that, the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing, In these culture, silence is a call for (35) ______.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with (36) _______ among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show (37)______ between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an cider or a person in authority. Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the (38)______ meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing, Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient's silence is not (39) ______ too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (40)______ of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
. 【答案】31-35 EIACB 36-40 KGJDF 【解析】
31.考察形容词。结合后面并列句中or可知，thoughtful与empty互为反义词。选择E项。 32.考察名词。和后文persons in other cultures形成对比，此处该表示停顿。选择I项。
33.考察动名词。根据句意所得，其他文化中的人们则认为这是日常基础交流的一部分。选择A项。 34.考察过去分词。根据句法分析此处为过去分词，再根据句意表示这说明/暗示了。选择C。 35.考察名词。本句话是对前文的总结，在这些文化当中，沉默是思考的标志。选择B项。
36. 考察名词。in relationships of people with different amounts of power，可知conflicts。选项K符合题意。
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37.考察名词。根据前文所说这几个国家通过沉默解决冲突，最终达成共识。 选择G项。 38.考察形容词。对于一些职业，比如护士需要了解沉默背后若干种暗示的意思。选择J项。
39.考察过去分词。根据句法分析得知此处为过去分词，根据句意沉默不能过早解读。所以 D项合适。 40.考察名词。懂得沉默的治愈效能的护士可以在照顾病人这一方面运筹帷幄。所以F项合适。
III. Reading Comprehension (45 分）
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word of phrase that best fits the context.
At a certain age, you may feel as if you’re still at life’s beginning yet also disturbingly close to the (41) _______. You feel keenly that there’s much left to do. You were going to win an Oscar, pick up a Nobel Prize in physics and get elected president, (42)______ you haven’t even gotten around to auditioning (试镜) for a film, taking a university physics (43)______ or brushing up on your politics.
It’s almost enough to make you want to live forever. But then isn’t the real goal a life hugely increased not so much in (44) ______ as in width? A life during which it’s (45) ______to pursue every one of a wide range of coexistent possibilities?
It’s true. If you were immortal (永生的）, you might eventually get to be a philosopher and a cantor and an actor and a psychoanalyst and a novelist. But don’t forget: over the vastly extended period, life would certainly not cease exposing you to still further of (46)___________. When you finally entered psychoanalytic training in 2100, you’d have to give up any number of other new possibilities that might at that instant (47) ______ themselves, such as joining an “expedition to Alpha Centauri, or learning to create art with the previously (48) ______ colors recently made visible on the spectrum. You might have crossed one possibility off our list, but you’d have (49) ______ three more. Hundreds of years in, you’d still as though you’d (50) ______ moved beyond the opening stages of what life has to offer.
Many activities you once loved, meanwhile, would fall out of fashion or out of reach. As an aging mortal, your knees might make it tough to run a marathon, causing you to (51)________all the healthy racers. As permanently youthful immortal, (52) ______ you might remain fit to run marathons over the centuries. But perhaps the beloved urban races of your youth would have long since disappeared and been (53) ______ because of impossibly hot global temperatures and the fact that future civilizations find interplanetary relays far more (54) ______. All of the things you once did have shelf lives, The longer you live, the more of them die, increasing the weight of the time that has flowed through your fingers.
Many of us 60- and 70-somethings will remember George Burn’s quip goes; old age isn’t great but it sure beats the alternative. There’s also truth to the reverse. (55)______ isn’t great, but it sure beats the alternative.
41. A. end B. interval C. milestone D. next 42. A. but B. though C. since D. whereas 43. A. price B. exam C. principle D. course 44. A. depth B. height C. length D. weight 45. A. enjoyable B. necessary C. impractical D. possible 46. A. choices B. lessons C. challenges D. disturbances 47. A. exclude B. face C. present D. ignore 48. A. unattractive B. pale C. unimaginable D. unique 49. A. added B. tried C. created D. identified 50. A. actually B. hardly C. significantly D. vaguely 51. A. encourage B. follow C. envy D. imitate 52. A. by contrast B. as a result C. for instance D. in addition 53. A. banned B. restored C. suspended D. feared
54. A. time-saving B. exciting C. comfortable D. economical 55. A. Future B. Youth C. Death D. Immortality
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【答案】41-45 AADCD 46-50 ACCAB 51-55 CAABC 【分析】
41.考查名词。A. end 结束B. interval 间隔C. milestone 里程碑D. next 下一个。在某个年龄阶段，你会感觉自己好像生命才开始，但又会非常不安地觉得生命已走向尽头，故选A。
42.考查连词。A. but 然而B. though 虽然C. since 既然D. whereas 然而。你曾想赢得奥斯卡奖，摘取诺贝尔物理学奖的桂冠并当选总统，但现在你甚至还未曾参加过电影试镜，未选修过大学物理课，也未曾温习过政治，选A。 43.考查名词。A. price 价格B. exam 测试C. principle 原则D. course 课程 未选修过大学物理课，故选D。 44.考查名词。A. depth 深度B. height高度C. length 长度D. weight 重量。然而，人生真正的目标难道不是尽可能拓宽生命的广度而非增加其长度吗，根据句意可知选C。
45.考查形容词。A. enjoyable 享受B. necessary必要C. impractical不切实际的D. possible难道不是要追求一个能够尝试大千世界种种可能性的人生吗，故选D。
46.考查名词。A. choices 选择B. lessons 教训C. challenges挑战D. disturbances 扰乱。但别忘了：在那个无限延展的生命时光里，它当然也会展示给你更多的选择。根据句意可知选A。
47.考查动词。A. exclude 排除B. face 面对C. present 呈现D. ignore 忽视。你也许不得不放弃同一时间出现的无数其它新的可能性，选C。
48.考查形容词。A. unattractive 不吸引人的 B. pale 灰暗的C. unimaginable 无法想象的D. unique 特别的。或者学习用以往难以想象但在最新的光谱上却能找到的新颜色去创作艺术，故选C。
49.考查动词。A. added 加上B. tried 尝试C. created 创造D. identified 指出。你也许尝试了一个可能，但与此同时你又多了三个新的，根据句意可知选A。
50.考查副词。A. actually 事实上B. hardly几乎C. significantly 显著地D. vaguely 模糊地。句意：几百年以后，你仍会感觉你好像仅仅徘徊在生活的开场，根据句意可知选B。
51.考查动词。A. encourage 鼓励B. follow 接着C. envy 妒忌D. imitate模仿。你的膝盖可能会阻碍你去跑马拉松，让你嫉妒所有健康的跑步者，故选C。
52.考查副词。A. by contrast 对比而言B. as a result 因此C. for instance 举例D. in addition 除此之外。相反，作为一个长生不老之人，你可能在活了几个世纪后，还可以健康地跑马拉松，根据句意和逻辑推理可知选A。
53.考查动词。A. banned 禁止B. restored 恢复C. suspended 暂停D. feared 恐惧。但或许你年轻时所钟爱的城市路跑很久以前就消失了，被禁了，因为那无法想象的全球高温，选A。
54.考查形容词。A. time-saving 节约时间的 B. exciting 令人兴奋的 C. comfortable 舒适的D. economical 省钱的。或者是未来文明发现星际接力赛更令人神往，故选B。
55.考查名词。A. Future 将来B. Youth 年轻C. Death死亡D. Immortality 永生。美国著名喜剧演员乔治?伯恩斯曾有妙语：“年老并不美好，但它肯定强过另一种结果。反之亦然，死亡并不美好，但它肯定好过另一种选择。”，根据句意可知选C。 Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
A pioneering set of experiments has been important in the revolution（革命） in our understanding of animal behavior--a revolution that changed the behaviorist（行为学家） belief that only humans had minds. These experiments were designed to discover the presence of consciousness—that is, signs of self-awareness or self-recognition—in animals other than humans.
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