专业四级语法与词汇辅导 -

发布时间 : 星期五 文章专业四级语法与词汇辅导 -更新完毕开始阅读

singer.

A limiting B restraining C confining D restricting 16. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ____ to her speech. A details B remarks C comments D touches

17. His _____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin. A indulgence B habit C action D engagement

18. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did____.

A absolutely B accidentally C accordingly D accurately

19.You can actually see the deer at the close range while driving through that area. The italicized phrase means__________

A clearly B very near C quickly D very hard

20. He listened hard but still couldn’t ___________ what they were talking about. A make over B make up C make upon D make out

21.For the advertised position, the company offers a(n)_____ salary and benefits package. A generous B plentiful C abundant D sufficient

22. As there was no road, the travelers ____ up a rocky slope on thir way back.

A ran B hurried C scrambled D crawled

23. Agriculture is the country’s chief source of wealth, wheat____ by far the biggest cereal crop. A is B been D be D being

Week 5

倒装、省略、比较结构及反意疑问句

一、 倒装

1. 否定词前置要倒装 常见的否定词有:

never, scarcely, hardly, rarely, little, nowhere, no sooner…than…, not only, in no case, on no account, under no circumstances (condition) 例句:

1) No sooner had he finished school than he went to work. 2) In no case should we ignore children’s safety and health. 3) Scarcely had he arrived at home when the phone rang. 4) On no account can you touch my diary; it’s my privacy. 5) On no account should we follow blindly. 6) Little do I like chocolate.

7) Seldom does he call his family since he is busy.

2. So, neither, nor 等开头的句子要倒装

1) He couldn’t say anything while listening to the customer’s complaints. Neither could

his assistant.

2) Many Chinese people were reduced to be homeless after the Sichuan Earthquake. So

were many Italians.

但是,so 如果只是用来代替前文的内容,避免重复的话,句子不需要倒装。如: -- “She had the idea to give up when difficulties appeared in her research.” -- So she did.

3. Only引出的状语在句首,要倒装

Only after 6 o’clock in the afternoon is she available at home and you can call on her then. Only when one feels he is losing something does he begin to value it.

Only in class do they speak English; they use their native languages anywhere else. Only by taking a part-time job

但是only 引出的若不是状语,则无须倒装,如: 1) Only he can speak English.

2) I can only see the board but no words at all. 3) I eat apples only among fruit.

4. As, Though在其引导的让步状语从句中置于句首时要倒装,如:

1) Small as the country is, its people are quite strong both physically and mentally. 2) Rich though she is, she feels that she is poor.

3) Highly educated though he is, he is not as highly respected because of his self-conceit. 4) Child as he is, he has demonstrated many of his qualities.

5. Be 引导的让步状语从句要倒装

1) Be he rich or poor, I will marry him.

2) Be it rainy or fine, the little match girl has to sell her matches every day to make a

living.

二、 省略

1. 很多状语从句中,当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,通常省略从句的主语,若有

be动词,也一起省略,如:

1) When (he was) asked about the bidding for building the most luxurious hotel in this

area, he said it was a great success.

2) If (they are) left in the big hole in the building site, these frogs will die when the

bulldozer comes tomorrow. 3) Though living alone, he doesn’t feel lonely, for you can see his smiling face every day.

2. 并列句中后面分句与前面分句相同的成分可以省略,或用一些其他词代替,如: 1) There are some holes in this wall of the cottage, and some cracks in others. 2) I prefer to have a cup of coffee after lunch, while my sister an apple. 3) There are five girls in this class, but none in another. 4) -- Did you see an elephant in the zoo? -- No, I didn’t.

5) -- How many elephants did you see in the zoo?

-- None. 三、

比较结构

1.A is to B what C is to D句型,如:

1) Beijing Opera is to Mei Lanfang what water is to life.

2) To the northerners, bread is what rice is to the southerners. 2.Just as + clause, so + clause 句型 (肯定)

Just as you take a usual walk after supper, I read newspaper every morning. 3. Just as + clause, neither + clause 句型 (否定)

Just as tea and banana can’t go together, neither should the son of a low class expect to marry the daughter of a nobleman. 4. Not so much … as … 句型

He is not so much a writer as a reporter. Tomato is not so much fruit as vegetable.

5. More of… than…句型,less of… than..句型,as much of … as…句型 Tomato is more of vegetable than fruit. He is more of my friend than my brother.

It was as much of a failure as we had expected. 正如我们所期待的那样,是个彻底的失败。

6. No more … than 句型

She is no more qualified to be a teacher than a child would be. 她和一个小孩一样都不能胜任教师一职。 7. No less… than…

Child as he is, he is no less capable than his father. 尽管他还是个孩子,但是他和他的父亲一样能干。 8. No other than…句型

He is no other than my friend. 他正是我朋友。

If you think Dream of Red Mansion is no other than a novel, you are wrong. In fact, it is a scroll of Chinese traditional culture. 9. No …other than …句型

I have no close friends other than you here.

There is no drinking left in the fridge other than a bottle of milk.

10. No other… than

There are no other mistakes in your letter than a few misused punctuations. 四、

反意疑问句

若是everybody, nobody, somebody时,则用he 或they ,前者正式语体使用,如: 1) Everything goes smoothly, doesn’t it?

2) Nobody likes noise, does he? / Do they?

2. I think/suppose/believe/expect等句型中,疑问句的主语跟从句的主语一致,但肯定

与否定形式与主句相反,如:

1) I don’t think he is right, is he? 2) I think he is right, isn’t he?

注意在这一类句型中,一旦主语不是I,疑问句主语和肯否定形式与一般反意疑问句一样,如:

He thinks that his father more capable than he, doesn’t he? She doesn’t expect that she will fail in the exam, does she? 3. 在there be 句型中,疑问句的主语还是there,如:

There used to be a shop at the corner of the street, didn’t there? /

4. 祈使句表达请求时,疑问句用will you;表达邀请时用won’t you;否定祈使句用will

you;let’s 句型中用shall we;let us句型中用will you,如: Open the window, will you?

Don’t read aloud while doing reading comprehension, will you? Come to my birthday party next Monday, won’t you?

1. The football match was __________ because of the heavy rain.

A called over(点名) B called up(召唤,呼叫) C called out(调动,引起) D called off 2. The scientist has made an _____ study of the viruses that cause the disease. A exhausted B exhausting C exhaustive(彻底的) D exhaustion

3. Stormy applause broke forth_____________ the singer appeared on the stage. A a moment B the moment C at the moment (此刻,现在) D in a moment.某些名词如: the moment, the minute, the instant, the day, the year, every time, each time, next time 等可直接引导时间状语从句。the moment= as soon as

4.The science of medicine,___________ progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.

A which B in which C to which D with which

5.He knows little of literature, ___________ of medieval literature. A as well as B no less than C and still less D and still more

1. 不定代词everything, nothing, something 作陈述部分的主语时,疑问句的主语用it.

Still less , still more都表示“更别说”之意, 前者用于具有否定意义的句子之后,后者用于具有肯定意义的句子之后。

7. Do have a cigarette, ______ you?

A can’t B don’t C wouldn’t D won’t

8.In no countries ______ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.

A other than(=except ,用于否定句I can’t do other than obey.) B more than (极其,不止是。 They are more than happy.) C better than D rather than( 是。。。而不是。。。;宁愿。。。而不愿。。。) 9 America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it _____ before the west was settled.

A could B did C would D was

10 It was not the first time he _____. I think it’s high time we ___ to take him seriously.

A has taken us in… began B take us in… begin C had taken us in …began D took us in… begin. 11 Mary would just ___go ___ stay.

A rather, as to B as soon, as C prefer, to D sooner, as Would( just) as soon … as =宁愿。。。而不愿。。。

12 The young driver looked over the engine carefully lest it___ wrong on the way. A went B would go C had gone D should go Lest, in case for fear that + (should)+动词原形

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