发布时间 : 星期一 文章电梯基础知识-2014 - 图文更新完毕开始阅读
1-4-7 曳引方式 常用的有半绕1∶1绕绳比，轿厢的运行速度等于钢丝绳的运行速度。 半绕2∶1绕绳方比，轿厢的运行速度等于钢丝绳运行速度的一半。全绕1∶1绕绳比， 轿厢的运行速度等于钢丝绳的运行速度等。 Traction type is as below:
Half winding with suspension ratio of 1:1: car running speed is equal to rope running speed.
Half winding with suspension ratio of 2:1: car running speed is half of rope running speed.
Fully winding with suspension ratio is 1:1: car running speed is equal to rope running speed.
1-4-8 额定速度（m/s） 制造和设计所规定的电梯运行速度。 Rated speed (m/s): Stipulated speed when designing and making lift. 1-4-9 曳引机规格 包括曳引机位置（上机房、下机房、无机房）、曳引机方向 （左置、右置）、槽型、导向轮直径（mm）、绳轮直径（mm）、制动器类型等。 Traction machine specifications: including traction machine position (upper machine room, lower machine room, machineless room), traction machine direction (left-placed, right-placed), groove type, deflector sheave diameter (mm), traction sheave diameter (mm) and brake type.
1-4-10 电动机规格 包括电动机功率（kw）、转速（r/min）、启动频率（次/小时） 电压（v）、频率（Hz）、额定电流（A）等。
Motor specifications: including motor Hp(kw), rotation speed(r/min), start-up frequency (times/h), voltage (v), frequency (Hz), rated current (A).
1-4-11 曳引绳配置 直径×根数
Traction rope configuration: diameter × pieces
1-4-12电气控制系统 包括控制方式、拖动系统的形式等。
Electrical control system: including control mode, pulling system mode.
1-4-13平衡系数 用百分比表示。
Offset coefficient: indicated by percentage.
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1-4-14 停站数 建筑物内各楼层用于出入轿厢的地点均称为站。
Landing number is referred to as the number of stops through which to get in and out of car.
1-4-15 提升高度（mm）由底层端站楼面至顶层端站楼面之间的垂直距离。
Hoisting height (mm) is the vertical distance between bottom landing surface and top landing surface.
1-4-16 顶层高度（mm）由顶层端站楼面至机房楼板或隔音层楼板下最突出构件之间的 垂直距离。电梯的运行速度越快，要求顶层高度越高。 Top landing height (mm) distance between top to machine
room floor vane or the profile of the sound- The
faster the lift is running, landing is required. 1-4-17 底坑深度（mm）井道底面之间的垂直距越快，要求底坑越深。 Pit depth (mm) is the between bottom landing bottom surface. The the deeper pit is required. 1-4-18 井道高度（mm） 由井道底面至机房楼板 或隔音层楼板下最突出 构件之间的垂直距离。 Well height (mm): Vertical distance between well surface and machine room floor vane or the
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is the vertical landing surface most protruding absorbing vanes. the higher top 由底层端站楼面至 离。电梯的运行速度 vertical distance surface to well faster the lift is running,
most protruding profile of the sound-absorbing vanes.
1-4-19 井道尺寸（mm） 宽×深
Well dimensions (mm) Width × Depth 1-4-20 导轨规格 Guide rail specifications 1-5电梯主要部件的安 装位置
Mounting position of main parts of lift 不同规格型号的电梯， 其部件组成情况也不相同。这里 只介绍一些基本情况。图1-8为有机房整机示意图,从图中可以看出一部完整的电梯部件 组成的大致情况。
Lift configuration is determined by lift of different specifications. In figure 1-8 is shown machine room, containing whole components.
1-5-1 电梯机房里的主要部件 Main components in machine room
1-5-1-1 曳引机 曳引机是电梯的驱动装置，曳引机包括： Traction machine: it is a drive device for lift, including:
1-5-1-1-1 驱动电动机 交流梯为交流电动机，直流梯为直流电动机；
1-5-1-1 drive motor: AC motor is used in AC lift; while DC motor is used for DC lift.
1-5-1-1-2 制动器 在电梯上通常采用双瓦块常闭式电磁制动器。电梯停止或电源断电情况 下抱闸制动，以保证电梯不动。
Brake: Usually used is double-block normally closed magnetic brake in lift. In case of lift
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图1-8电梯整机示意图 Figure 1-8 Whole system of lift 1. 控制柜 / Control cabinet 2. 拖动柜 / Trailing cabinet 3. 曳引机 / Traction machine 4. 极限开关 / Terminal limit switch 5. 限速器 / Overpeed governor 6. 轿厢和轿架 / Car and car frame 7. 自动门系统 / Automatic door system 8. 导轨 / Guide rails 9. 导靴 / Guide shoes 10. 曳引钢丝绳 / Traction rope 11. 对重 / Counterweight
stop or power failure, brake will activate to leave lift stationary.
1-5-1-1-3 减速箱 大多选用涡轮蜗杆减速箱，也有行星齿轮、斜齿轮减速箱。无齿轮 电梯不需减速箱。
Geared machine: usually adopted is worm geared machine, besides, star gear and bevel geared machine are also available. Gearless lift does not need any geared machine.
1-5-1-1-4 曳引轮 曳引机上的绳轮称为曳引轮。
两边借助曳引钢丝绳分别悬挂轿厢和对重，并依靠曳引钢丝绳与曳引轮绳槽间的静摩擦 力来实现电梯轿厢的升降。
Traction sheave: Sheave on traction machine is called traction sheave, on both sides of which are suspended car and counterweight bymeans of traction rope. Car is moved upwards or downwards by means of static friction between traction rope and rope groove.
1-5-1-2 导向轮或复绕轮 导向轮又称抗绳轮
Deflector sheave or secondary sheave: Deflector sheave is also called beam Pulley. 因电梯轿厢的尺寸一般都比较大，轿厢悬挂中心和对重悬挂中心间的距离往往大于设计 上所允许的曳引轮直径，因此通常要设置导向轮，以保证两股向下的曳引钢丝绳之间的距 离等于或接近轿厢悬挂中心和对重悬挂中心间的距离。对复绕的无齿轮电梯而言，改变复 绕轮的位置同样可以达到上述目的。
Since car is comparatively large in dimensions; the distance between suspension center of car and that of counterweight is generally longer than the diameter of traction sheave, deflector sheave is usually used for lifts to ensure the distance between two ropes downwards to be equal or almost equal to the distance between suspension center of car and that of counterweight, distancing car and counterweight. For gearless lift with compound wounding, changing the position of secondary sheave can also achieve the same effect.
1-5-1-3 限速器 当轿厢运行速度达到限定值时，能发出电信号并产生机械动作的安全装置。 Overspeed governor: It is a safety device to give off electrical signal to mechanically operate when car speed reaches limit value.
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