机电一体化技术及其应用研究外文文献翻译、中英文翻译

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scene and control room instrumentation control equipment interconnected to achieve integrated measurement and control of.

2.4 Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS)

CIMS is the iron and steel enterprises will be and the production and operation, production management and process control connecting to achieve from raw materials into the plant, production and processing of shipments to the entire production process and the overall integration process control. Currently iron and steel enterprises have basically achieved process automation, but this kind of \automation lack of information resources and the sharing of the unified management of the production process, can hardly meet the requirements of the iron and steel production. Future competition iron and steel enterprises is the focus of many varieties, small batch production, cheap and of good quality, timely delivery of goods. In order to improve productivity, saving energy, reducing staff and the existing inventory, accelerate cash flow, production, operation and management of the overall optimization, the key is to strengthen the management, access to the benefits of raising the competitiveness of businesses. The United States, Japan and some other large-scale iron and steel enterprises in the 1980s has been widely realization of CIMS.

2.5 Fieldbus Technology (FBT)

Fieldbus Technology (Fied Bus Technology) is the connection settings in the field of instrumentation installed in the control room and control devices for digital, bi-directional, multi-station communication link. Fieldbus technology used to replace the existing signal transmission technology (such as 4 to 20 mA, DCDC transmission), it will enable more information in the field of Intelligent Instrumentation devices and higher-level control system in the joint between the communications media on the two-way transmission. Fieldbus connection can be through save 66% or more on-site signal connecting wires. Fieldbus lead to the introduction of the reform and the new generation of DCS around open fieldbus automation system of instruments, such as intelligent transmitter, intelligent, fieldbus detection instruments, fieldbus of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) local control stations and field development.

2.6 AC drive technology

Transmission technology in the iron and steel industry plays a crucial role. With power technology and the development of microelectronics technology, the development of AC variable speed very quickly. The AC drive to the advantages of

electric drive technology in the near future from AC drive completely replace DC transmission, the development of digital technology, complex vector control technologies to achieve practical, AC variable speed system speed and performance has reached more than DC converter level. Now whether small or large-capacity electrical motor capacity synchronous motor can be used to achieve reversible induction motor or smoothing governor. AC drive system in the production of steel rolling emerged as a welcome users, applications continues to expand.

附录二 外文原文

机电一体化技术及其应用研究

1 .机电一体化技术发展

机电一体化是机械、微、控制、机、信息处理等多学科的交叉融合,其发展和进步有赖于相关技术的进步与发展,其主要发展方向有数字化、智能化、模块化、化、人性化、微型化、集成化、带源化和绿色化。

1.1 数字化

微控制器及其发展奠定了机电产品数字化的基础,如不断发展的数控机床和机器人;而计算机网络的迅速崛起,为数字化设计与制造铺平了道路,如虚拟设计、计算机集成制造等。数字化要求机电一体化产品的软件具有高可靠性、易操作性、可维护性、自诊断能力以及友好人机界面。数字化的实现将便于远程操作、诊断和修复。

1.2 智能化

即要求机电产品有一定的智能,使它具有类似人的逻辑思考、判断推理、自主决策等能力。例如在CNC数控机床上增加人机对话功能,设置智能I/O接口和智能工艺数据库,会给使用、操作和维护带来极大的方便。随着模糊控制、神经网络、灰色、小波理论、混沌与分岔等人工智能技术的进步与发展,为机电一体化技术发展开辟了广阔天地。

1.3 模块化

由于机电一体化产品种类和生产厂家繁多,研制和开发具有标准机械接口、动力接口、环境接口的机电一体化产品单元模块是一项复杂而有前途的工作。如研制具有集减速、变频调速电机一体的动力驱动单元;具有视觉、图像处理、识别和测距等功能的电机一体控制单元等。这样,在产品开发设计时,可以利用这些标准模块化单元迅速开发出新的产品。

1.4 网络化

由于网络的普及,基于网络的各种远程控制和监视技术方兴未艾。而远程控制的终端设备本身就是机电一体化产品,现场总线和局域网技术使家用电器网络化成为可能,利用家庭网络把各种家用电器连接成以计算机为中心的计算机集成家用电器系统,使人们在家里可充分享受各种高技术带来的好处,因此,机电一

体化产品无疑应朝网络化方向发展。

1.5 人性化

机电一体化产品的最终使用对象是人,如何给机电一体化产品赋予人的智能、情感和人性显得愈来愈重要,机电一体化产品除了完善的性能外,还要求在色彩、造型等方面与环境相协调,使用这些产品,对人来说还是一种享受,如家用机器人的最高境界就是人机一体化。

1.6 微型化

微型化是精细加工技术发展的必然,也是提高效率的需要。微机电系统(Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems,简称MEMS)是指可批量制作的,集微型机构、微型传感器、微型执行器以及信号处理和控制电路,直至接口、通信和电源等于一体的微型器件或系统。自1986年美国斯坦福大学研制出第一个医用微探针,1988年美国加州大学Berkeley分校研制出第一个微电机以来,国内外在MEMS工艺、材料以及微观机理方面取得了很大进展,开发出各种MEMS器件和系统,如各种微型传感器(压力传感器、微加速度计、微触觉传感器),各种微构件(微膜、微粱、微探针、微连杆、微齿轮、微轴承、微泵、微弹簧以及微机器人等)。

1.7 集成化

集成化既包含各种技术的相互渗透、相互融合和各种产品不同结构的优化与复合,又包含在生产过程中同时处理加工、装配、检测、管理等多种工序。为了实现多品种、小批量生产的自动化与高效率,应使系统具有更广泛的柔性。首先可将系统分解为若干层次,使系统功能分散,并使各部分协调而又安全地运转,然后再通过软、硬件将各个层次有机地联系起来,使其性能最优、功能最强。

1.8 带源化

是指机电一体化产品自身带有能源,如太阳能电池、燃料电池和大容量电池。由于在许多场合无法使用电能,因而对于运动的机电一体化产品,自带动力源具有独特的好处。带源化是机电一体化产品的发展方向之一。

1.9 绿色化

技术的发展给人们的生活带来巨大变化,在物质丰富的同时也带来资源减少、生态环境恶化的后果。所以,人们呼唤保护环境,回归,实现可持续发展,绿色产品概念在这种呼声中应运而生。绿色产品是指低能耗、低材耗、低污染、舒适、协调而可再生利用的产品。在其设计、制造、使用和销毁时应符合环保和人类健康的要求,机电一体化产品的绿色化主要是指在其使用时不污染生态环境,产品寿命结束时,产品可分解和再生利用。

2 .机电一体化技术在钢铁中应用

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