发布时间 : 星期一 文章安徽省舒城中学高三寒假作业(二)英语试题 Word版含答案更新完毕开始阅读
比知识你海纳百川，比能力你无人能及，比心理你处变不惊，比信心你自信满满，比体力你精力充沛，综上所述，高考这场比赛你想不赢都难，祝高考好运，考试顺利。试卷（二）
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Make Up Your Mind to Succeed
It is believed that kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because “everyone’s winner.” And their report cards sounded more positive than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them “the overpraised generation.”
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years．Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here’ s how they work:
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent is genetic—you’re a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it’s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it’s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego（自尊）isn’t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it’s quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn’t be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck’s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.
21. What does the author think about the present generation? A. They don’t do well at school.
B. They are often misunderstood. D. They are given too much praise.
C. They are eager to win in sports.
22. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who . A. doesn’t want to work hard
B. cares a lot about personal safety
C. cannot share his ideas with others 23. What does the growth mind-set believe? A. Admitting failure is shameful.
D. can succeed with the help of teachers
B. Talent comes with one’s birth. D. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable.
C. Scores should be highly valued.
24. What should parents do for their children based on Dweck’s study? A. Encourage them to learn from failures. C. Guide them in doing little things.
B. Prevent them from making mistakes. D. Help them grow with praise.
B
In a very special course at Knnet School, the social-science teacher Adam Smith guides his students through the “married life”. Unlike the traditional course, Adam makes his students experience the real problems married ones may face like housing and child care. “No one tells kids about money-managing problems,” says Adam.
Each student should act out in ten weeks what normally takes couples ten years to finish. In the first week, one member of each couple is asked to get an after school job — a real one. During the term, the income rules their life-style. In the third week, the couples must find an apartment they can afford.
In the fifth week, the couples “have a baby” and then struggle to cover the costs of baby clothes and furniture. In week eight, the marriage comes to the breaking point by such disaster as a mother-in-law’s moving in or death. It’s all over by week ten (the tenth year of marriage). After serious discussion with lawyers about alimony (赡养费) and child support, the students get divorced .
Adam’s course, which has “married” 1,000 students since its beginning six years ago, is widely supported by parents and students. Some of the students have found the experience making them realize their real life marry plans are wrong. Marianne Baldrica, 16, who tried “marriage” last term with her boyfriend Eric Zook, 15, said, “ Eric and I used to get along pretty well before we took the course together. But I wanted to live in the city, he wanted the country. He wanted lots of kids, I wanted no kids. It’s been four weeks since the course ended and Eric and I are just starting to talk to each other again.” 25. What is the aim of Adam’s course?
A. To tell students how to find a good partner. B. To teach students how to manage their money. C. To help students act as wives and husbands well. D. To show students the problems in real marriage life. 26. What will happen in the eighth week?
A. The couples will have a baby. B. The couples will have to find a flat. C. The husband will have to find a real job. D. The marriage will come to the breaking point. 27. After taking the course, Marianne will ______ . A. choose to live in the country B. break up with her boyfriend at once C. ask their teachers and parents for help D. have a better understanding of marriage 28. Where does the text probably come from? A. A science book. C. A newspaper report.
B. A library guide.
D. A project handbook.
C
The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and for the environment. Those findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.
David Tilman is a professor at the University of Minnesota. In the study, he examined information from 100 nations to show what people ate and how diet affected health. Mr. Tilman noted a movement beginning in the 1960s. He found that as nations industrialized, population increased and earnings rose. More people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet. The Western diet is high in sugar, fat, oil and meat. By eating these foods, people began to get fatter and sicker.
“The food, let us say, in the 15 richest nations of the world, right now contains about 400 or 500 extra calories a day that are eaten beyond what people need, and that leads people to gain weight.”
David Tillman says overweight people are at greater risk for diseases like diabetes, heart disease and some cancers. Diabetes is shooting to very high rates in the United States and across Europe. Heart disease is a major cause of death in the Western nations. Unfortunately when people become industrialized, if they adopt this Western diet, they are going to have these same health problems.
A diet bad for human beings, it seems, is also bad for the environment. As the world’s population grows, experts say more forests and areas will become farmland for crops or grasslands for raising cattle. These areas will be needed to meet the increasing demand for food.
Mr. Tilman calls the link between diet, the environment and human health, “a dilemma”, a situation where it is very difficult to decide what to do. He says one possible solution is leaving
the Western diet behind.
29. Why did people get fatter in the 1960s?
A. They ate foods high in calories. B. They adopted a western lifestyle. C. They set aside little time for exercise. D. They had a better life and became lazier.
30. According to the text, overweight people may suffer the following diseases EXCEPT_______. A. diabetes
B. skin disease
C. cancers D. heart disease
31. What can we infer from Paragraph 5?
A. There will be fewer and fewer forests. B. People won’t care about the environment. C. The world’s population will grow faster than ever. D. Raising cattle will be the most moneymaking business.
32. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?
A. To tell people effective ways to keep healthy. B. To call on people to give up the Western diet.
C. To show the problems industrialized nations are facing. D. To draw people’s attention to environmental protection.
D
Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide.
The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’ nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or people as it leads them to the nest. When they
finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.
Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in