发布时间 : 星期五 文章能源公司黄玉川煤矿工作面水力压裂初次放顶作业规程更新完毕开始阅读
能源公司黄玉川煤矿工作面水力压裂初次放顶作业规程
目录第一章工作面概况.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1
第一节工作面位置及井上下关系......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1
第二节煤层及顶底板特征...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1
第三节其它因素...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................1
第二章工作面水力压裂初次放顶............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................2
第一节水力压裂工艺...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................2
第二节压裂方案与施工组织...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................3
第三节紧急避险系统...........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................7
第三章顶板管理...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10
第一节压裂过程中顶板管理............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10
第二节初次来压管理........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
第四章灾害防治...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 13
第一节应急救援要求........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 13
第二节自然灾害防治........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 13
第三节避灾路线................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15
第五章安全技术措施............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
第一节钻孔与压裂施工安全措施................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
第二节高压泵操作安全措施............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17
第三节设备装车、运输、卸车安全技术措施.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 17
第四节机电管理技术措施................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18
第五节辅助运输安全措施................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18
第六节其他安全技术措施................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18
第七节大型设备起吊安全技术措施............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
第八节行人联巷管理安全技术措施............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18
第九节短期用工安全技术措施....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
第十节个体防护安全技术措施....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 19
第十一节退锚安全技术措施............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19
第十二节工作面悬顶面积大安全技术措施................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
第十三节停、送电安全技术措施................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
第六章水力压裂主要危险源................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 21
第一节钻机工危险源辨识................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 21
第二节压裂工危险源辨识................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 21
第三节司机危险源辨识.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22
第四节队长岗位危险源辨识............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 22
第五节现场管理人员岗位危险源辨识........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
第一章工作面概况第一节工作面位置及井上下关系一、工作面名称本工作面为黄玉川煤矿216上02综采工作面，所在煤层为上煤。二、相邻关系216上02工作面位于一盘区。工作面倾向长度约240m。该工作面北为DF6断层构造带，西邻216上03工作面（未掘），南到DF5断层，东为216上01综放工作面。四邻不受采动影响，没有老空积水。第二节煤层及顶底板特征煤层平均厚度为10m，结构复杂，倾角为1-15°。根据黄玉川煤矿216上02工作面回采地质说明书，直接顶为8.12m的细砂岩，浅灰色，灰白色，中厚层状，细粒结构；老顶为粉砂岩，厚度为8.22m，暗灰色灰色中厚层状含少量的暗色矿物，坚硬。详情见图1-2-1。图1-2-1第三节其它因素该工作面地质条件复杂，断层较为发育，但在切眼未见断层，不会对压裂造成影响。井田内无任何生产小窑及老窑；但216上02回采工作面对应上方有11401回采工作面（层间距约为50m），该工作面已回采，有少量积水，216上02工作面回采前应对11401工作面采空区积水进行探放，压裂过程中，观察钻孔出水量，发现涌水量较大时采用封孔器封孔，通知矿方疏放水后再次施工。其它情况详情见表1-3-1.表1-3-1 影响回采的其它地质因素瓦斯相对瓦斯涌出量为0.19m3/t；绝对瓦斯涌出量为1.93m3/min。煤尘具爆炸危险性，爆炸指数为39.77 %。煤的自燃上煤层为Ⅰ级容易自燃，火焰长度为40mm。地温地温在12～18℃之间，属于地温正常区。地压正常。煤层普氏硬度夹矸直接顶（细砂岩）直接底（泥岩）（）1.01～3.56 层2.37～5.68 1.01～3.56 第 1页 共 39页
第二章工作面水力压裂初次放顶第一节水力压裂工艺一、压裂组成顶板水力压裂包括封孔、高压水压裂、保压注水、压裂监测等主要工序，该压裂系统主要由以下几部分组成：静压水进水管路、高压水泵、注水管、蓄存压裂介质水和油的储能器、手动泵、高压注水胶管、高压封孔器、压力流量监测仪。其中：封孔器：由中心管和封隔器胶筒组成水路通道。中心管注入高压水，通向压裂段，通过水的高压压裂岩孔；而封隔器与中心管形成的空间，存储高压水用以密封压裂段。通过连杆将两支封隔器相连，岩孔压裂段处于两支封隔器之间。试验时，先要用手动泵通过高压胶管给封隔器胶筒与中心管间隙加压，密封岩孔压裂段，不使压裂段高压水外泄。封隔器连杆拉住两只封隔器，保持封隔器平衡，使封隔器与岩孔没有相对位移。注水管：注水管连接处用“O”型圈密封，螺纹扣连接，长度为1.5m。注水管作用主要有两个，其一，作为连接构件将连接好的封隔系统送至钻孔的预定位置；其二，作为加压通道对封隔的钻孔段进行压裂。高压水泵：其作用是给压裂段加压。其参数为：油泵流量80L/min，额定压力62Mpa，功率90KW，电压660/1140v。高压泵由专业操作员操作。开泵、加压及停泵严格按照高压泵操作与压裂要求执行。流量水压监测仪：采用KJ327-F水压致裂数据采集仪实时监控压裂过程，实时记录流量和压力变化曲线，将采集结果传送给计算机进行处理计算。该仪器系矿用本质安全型。预裂缝起裂后水压会有所下降，继而进入保压阶段，在这个阶段，裂纹扩展的同时伴随着新裂纹的产生，利用流量计监测流量及注入的水量，保证顶板岩层充分弱化和软化。压裂过程中观测压裂孔周围顶板出水情况，压裂时间一般不少于30分钟。二、压裂工艺水力压裂控制煤矿坚硬难垮顶板工艺过程如图所示。采用横向切槽的特殊钻头，预制横向切槽，如图(a)所示。利用手动泵为封隔器加压使胶筒膨胀，达到封孔目的，如图(b)。连接高压泵实施压裂，如图(c)。坚硬稳定岩层钻杆切槽钻头钻孔横向切槽煤层(a)坚硬稳定岩层注水管胶管封隔器封隔段压力表煤层(b)坚硬稳定岩层注水管胶管压力表水压仪高压泵封隔器封隔段煤层(c)图2-1-1 水力压裂控制坚硬顶板岩层示意图第 2页 共 39页