发布时间 : 星期二 文章基于模拟乘法器MC1496的混频器设计解读更新完毕开始阅读
基于模拟乘法器MC1496的混频器设计
摘要
集成模拟乘法器是继集成运算放大器后最通用的模拟集成电路之一，是一种多用途的线性集成电路。可用作宽带、抑制载波双边平衡调制器，不需要耦合变压器或调谐电路，还可以作为高性能的SSB乘法检波器，AM调制/解调器、FM解调器、混频器、倍频器、鉴相器等，它与放大器相结合还可以完成许多的数学运算，如乘法、除法、乘方、开方等。
本设计主要应用集成模拟乘法器MC1496实现以上功能。
模拟乘法器的主要技术指标是工作象限、线性度和馈通度。工作象限是指容许输入变量的符号范围。只容许ux和uy均为正值的相乘器称为一象限的,而容许ux和uy都可以取正、负值的则称为四象限的。线性度是指相乘器的输出电压uo与输入电压ux(或uy)成线性的程度。馈通度是指两个输入信号中一个为零时，另一个在输出端输出的大小。混频是将载波为高频的已调信号，不失真地变换为载波为中间的已调信号，必须保持①调制类型，调制参数不变，即原调制规律不变。②频谱结构不变，各频率分量的相位大小，相互间隔不变。
由于设计和制作增益高, 选择性好, 工作频率较原载频低的固定中频放大器比较容易, 所以采用混频方式可大大提高接收机的性能。此设计就是利用仿真软件，采用模拟相乘器实现混频电路的。
关键词：MATLAB,模拟乘法器，混频电路
DESING OF MIXER BASED ON THE ANALOG MULTIPLIER MC1496
Abstract
After the integrated operational amplifier in the integrated analog multiplier is one of the most common analog integrated circuit, is a kind of multi-purpose linear integrated circuits.Modulator can be used as a broadband, suppressed carrier bilateral balance, don't need coupling transformer or tuned circuit, also can be used as a high-performance SSB multiplication detector, AM, FM demodulator, mixer/modem modulation, frequency multiplier, and phase discriminator, combining it with amplifier can also do many mathematical operation, such as multiplication, division, chengfang, root, etc.
This design mainly used integrated analog multiplier MC1496 achieve above functions. Analog multiplier is the main technique index quadrant, linearity and feed through work.Work quadrant refers to allow the input variable symbol scope.Only allow both ux and uy positive multiplier is called a quadrant, and allow the ux and uy can take the positive and negative is known as the four quadrants.Linearity refers to the multiplication of the input voltage and output voltage uo ux (or uy) into linear degree.Feed through degree is refers to the two input signals of a is equal to zero, the other in the size of the output terminal output.Mixing is the carrier for the high frequency modulated signal, no distortion for the carrier to transform to the middle of the modulated signal, must be kept in (1) modulation type, modulation parameters are the same, namely the original modulation law remains the same.The phase of each frequency component of the spectrum structure remains the same, (2) the size and the spacing between the same.
Due to the design and production of high gain, good selectivity, and working frequency was lower than those of the original carrier frequency fixed intermediate frequency amplifier is easy, so the mixing method can greatly improve the performance of the receiver.This design is the use of simulation software, using analog multiplier to realize mixing circuit..
Key words:MATLAB, Analog multiplier, mixing circuit
1.绪论
混频技术在高频电子线路和无线电技术中应用的相当广泛。在调制过程中，输入的基带信号都要经过频率的转换变成高频的已调信号。在解调过程中，接收的已调高频信号也要经过频率转换，变成对应的中频信号。混频器也是超外差接收机中的关键部件。直放式接收机是高频小信号检波，工作频率变化范围大时，工作频率对高频通道的影响比较大（频率越高，放大量越低，反之频率低，增益高），而且对检波性能的影响也较大，灵敏度较低。采用超外差技术，将接收信号混频到一固定中频，放大量基本不受接收频率的影响，这样，频段内信号的放大一致性好，灵敏度可以做得很高，选择性也较好。因为放大功能主要放在中放，因此可以用良好的滤波电路。采用超外差接收使得调整方便，放大量、选择性主要由中频部分决定，且中频较高频信号低，性能指标容易得到满足。混频器在一些发射设备中也是必不可少的。在频分多地址信号的合成、微波接力通信、卫星通信等系统中也有其重要地位。此外，混频器也是许多电子设备、测量仪器（如频率合成器、频谱分析仪）的重要组成部分。
本实验中通过MC1946构成的混频器来对接收信号进行频率转换，变成需要的中频信号。