发布时间 : 星期三 文章Unit 5 第3课时Grammar--九年级英语人教版培优讲义含答案更新完毕开始阅读
一般现在时的被动语态 (Page 36) 1. 被动语态的含义
在英语中有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。 含义 例句 Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。 被动语态 主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象 2. 被动语态的构成
被动语态由＂助动词be+及物动词的过去分词＂构成。助动词be有人称、时态和数的变化。
3. 被动语态的用法：当说话者不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，只需要强调动作的承受者，可以使用被动语态。如果需要在被动语态中指出动作的执行者时一般用介词by引出。 ?Chinese is spolen by the largest number of people in the world. 汉语是世界上为最多人所讲的语言。 4. 一般现在时的被动语态
（1）一般现在时的被动语态的构成：在一般现在时态的句子中，被动语态由＂be(am/is/are) + 及物动词的过去分词＂构成。助动词be随人称、数的变化而改变。
?This knife is made of wood and metal. 这把刀是用木头和金属制造的。 ?Bananas are produced in Hainan. 香蕉产于海南。
（2）主动语态改写成被动语态的方法：将主动句的宾语变成主语，将主动句的谓语变成 ＂be + 及物动词的过去分词＂，主动句的主语变成被动句中by的宾语（或省略）。
说明 谓语speak这一动作是由主语many people来执行的 主动语态 主语是动作的执行者 English is spoken by many 主语English是speak这一动作people.英语被许多人讲。 的承受者 主动句：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语
被动句：主语 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 + by + 宾语
Most middle school students play football. 主语 谓语 宾语
Football is played by most middle school students.大部分中学生踢足球。
【警示】如果主动句中有两个宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语），可以把其中任意一个变成被动句的主语。 My teacher gives me a lot of books.(主动语态) 我的老师给我许多书。 主语 谓语 间宾 直宾
被动语态：I am given a lot of books by my teacher. 被动语态：A lot of books are given to me by my teacher. (3) 一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化：
结构 主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词+其他. 肯定句 筝是玛丽做的。 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词+其他？ Is the kite made by Mary? 这个风一般疑问句及其答语 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+am/is/are. 否定回答：No, 主语+isn’t/aren’t. 或 No, I’m not. 主语+ am/is/are + not +及物动词的过去分词+其他. 否定句 风筝不是玛丽做的。 （4）由主语单复数确定be的形式。
【典例】To our surprise, the walls of the new bookstore________ books. A. are lined with 【答案】A
B. is lined with
C. have lined with
筝是玛丽做的吗？ Yes, it is. 对，是的。 No, it isn’t. 不，不是。 The kite isn’t made by Mary.这个例句 The kite is made by Mary. 这个风
（5）强调动作的承受者，而不是执行者。
【典例】A lot of trees ________around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now. A. plant
B. is planted D. are planted
C. were planted 【答案】D
（6）与一般现在时被动语态连用的时间状语有：every day，often，usually，always，seldom等。 My room is cleaned every day by me. 我每天打扫我的房间。
【典例】Some students in this school ________ abroad as exchange students every year. A. sent 【答案】C
【解析】主语students与谓语动词send之间是被动关系；根据句子时间状语＂every year＂可知时态应为一般现在时。学科*网
（7）一般现在时被动语态的疑问句与否定句。 疑问句：Is/Am/Are＋主语＋过去分词＋其他？ 否定句：主语＋is/am/are＋not＋过去分词＋其他.
?Are these dishes washed by your mother? 这些碟子是你妈妈洗的吗？ ?The blackboard is not cleaned by Kate. 凯特没有擦黑板。
【典例】________ this kind of question often asked in your class, Ann? A. Is
B. Does
C. Has
B. send
C. are sent
【答案】A
【解析】本题用语法判定法解题。句意：安，在你的班级，这种问题经常被问吗？本句为被动语态的一般疑问句形式，时态为一般现在时。
【魔法记忆】一般现在时被动语态用法顺口溜：
一般现被动用be done，be有am，is和are；否定be后加not，疑问置be主语前。 【助记】一般现在时的被动语态
一般现在时，被动用be done，be有am，is，are。否定be后加not，疑问be放主语前。
【典例】（2015 ? 重庆卷）—How clean your car is! —Thank you. It _______ very often. A. is washed 【答案】A
B. washes
C. was washed
D. washed
I. 单项选择。
1. The boy with short hair _________ Little Tiger by his parents. A. calls
B. called
C. is calling D. is called
2. Computers _________ widely in our daily life. A. use
B. used
C. were used
D. are used
3. Fifteen-year-olds _________ to have jobs in China. A. is not allowed B. are allowed
C. is allowed
D. are not allowed
4. He likes reading very much. Most of his money _________ on books. A. is spent
B. spend
C. spends
D. are spent
5.—What languages _________ in that country？ —German and English. A. are speaking
B. are spoken
C. speak
D. is spoken
6. —I won’t come to the party unless Sue _________, too. —You mean if Sue comes, you will come. A. will invite
B. invites
C. invited
D. is invited
7. —Suihua is so beautiful. It’s like a big garden.
—Yes. Many trees and flowers _________ in our city every year. A. are planting
B. are planted
C. were planted
8. If city noises _________ from increasing, people _________ shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.
A. are not kept; will have to
B. are not kept; have to