发布时间 : 星期五 文章江西专用中考英语话题二十自然试题更新完毕开始阅读
话题二十 自然(Nature)
Ⅰ.完形填空
A(2016济宁改编)
Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia, about 200 kilometers north of Brisbane. It's about 120 kilometers __1__ and 240 kilometers wide. It is a very important island __2__ it is completely made of sand. __3__， it is the largest sand island in the world. There is no airport on the island, but there is a long beach along the east coast. __4__ arrive and leave from here.
The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand called sandblows. Nothing grows on __5__. They move one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island, __6__ bigger and bigger. At other places on the island, such as Rainbow Gorge, The Cathedrals and Red Canyon, the sandy rocks have different __7__. Sometimes the rocks are so brown that they __8__ the sea brown, like coffee.
Surprisingly, the sandy island has a lot of different plants and animals. There are dark __9__—eucalyptus (桉树) woods, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes. There are many kinds of birds, like owls(猫头鹰) and curlews(麻鹬). There are many __10__ there, too, such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes.
About 500，000 people __11__ the island every year to see the island's beauty and nature. People enjoy camping and hiking(徒步旅行) there. __12__， the visitors cause problems. They damage(破坏) plants and make animals feel afraid. Their sun cream(防晒霜) makes the water __13__. So it is __14__ to manage the visitor. For example, people may not use motor boats __15__ go fishing in the lakes, and they need official papers(官方文件) to drive there.
(B)1.A.fat B．long C．short D．thin (D)2.A.when B．after C．before D．because (C)3.A.In the end B．In public C．In fact D．In total
(D)4.A.Cars B．Boats C．Buses D．Planes (D)5.A.it B．him C．her D．them (C)6.A.smelling B．looking C．getting D．tasting
(B)7.A.sizes B．colors C．prices D．subjects (A)8.A.turn B．become C．draw D．recall (C)9.A.mountains B．rocks C．forests D．clouds
(B)10.A.plants B．animals C．fruits D．vegetables (D)11.A.buy B．spread C．increase D．visit (A)12.A.Unluckily B．Suddenly C．Finally D．Luckily
(C)13.A.clean B．fresh C．dirty D．fascinating (B)14.A.impossible B．necessary C．popular D．polite (A)15.A.or B．so C．and D．but
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【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了澳大利亚的弗雷泽沙岛的自然风貌。弗雷泽沙岛完全由沙子做成，是世界上最大的沙岛。岛上风景优美，动植物繁多，每年约50万人到岛上游玩。然而沙岛也面临很多问题：如游客破坏植物、防晒霜把水变脏等等。
【答案精析】 1．B 考查形容词辨析。fat“胖的”；long“长的”；short“短的；矮的”； thin“瘦的”。由“and 240 kilometers wide”可知是指岛的长度。故选B。
2．D 考查连词辨析。when“当……时候”；after“在……之后”；before“在……前”；because“因为”。分析句子可知“It is a very important island”的原因是“it is completely made of sand”。故选D。
3．C 考查介词短语辨析。in the end“最后”；in public“公开地”；in fact“实际上”；in total“总共”。由后半句“it is the largest sand island in the world”可知此空表示“实际上”。故选C。
4．D 考查名词辨析。car“车”；boat“小船”；bus“公共汽车”；plane“飞机”。由前句中的“There is no airport on the island”可知是指飞机。故选D。
5．D 考查代词辨析。由上文“There are hills made of sand called sandblows.”可知此空指的是名叫sandblows的hills。故选D。
6．C 考查动名词辨析。smelling“闻”；looking“看”；getting“变得”；tasting“品尝”。由上文的“move one or two meters a year”和空格后的“bigger and bigger”可知是指“变得”。故选C。
7．B 考查名词辨析。size“尺寸”；color“颜色”；price“价格”；subject“科目，主题”。由后句“Sometimes the rocks are so brown”可知这里是指颜色。故选B。
8．A 考查动词辨析。turn“使变得”；become“变成”；draw“画”；recall“回忆”。由“like coffee”可知褐色的岩石把海水都变成了褐色。故选A。
9．C 考查名词辨析。mountain“山”；rock“岩石”；forest“森林”；cloud“云”。由空格后的“eucalyptu(桉树) woods”可知是指“森林”。故选C。
10．B 考查名词辨析。plant“植物”；animal“动物”；fruit“水果”；vegetable“蔬菜”。由“such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes”可知是指“动物”。故选B。
11．D 考查动词辨析。buy“买”；spread“展开”；increase“增长”；visit“参观”。由句中“to see the island's beauty and nature”可知是指“参观”这个岛。故选D。
12．A 考查副词辨析。unluckily“不幸地”；suddenly“突然地”；finally“最后”；luckily“幸运地”。由后句“They damage(破坏) plants and make animals feel afraid.”可知“不幸的”是这些游客带来了麻烦。故选A。
13．C 考查形容词辨析。clean“干净的”；fresh“新鲜的”；dirty“脏的”；fascinating“迷人的”。上文提到游客带来麻烦，由此可知是防晒霜污染了水。故选C。
14．B 考查形容词辨析。impossible“不可能的”；necessary“必需的”；popular“流行的”；polite“有礼貌的”。由“and they need official papers(官方文件) to drive there”可知是指“有必要”对游客进行管理。故选B。
15．A 考查连词辨析。or“或者”；so“所以”；and“并且”；but“但是”。由“may not”可知是否定句，在否定句中连接两个并列的成分常用or。故选A。
B (2016白银改编)
请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空。每个词限用一次。
cut size and they lay colour guard smell large build
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Ants Everywhere!
You can find ants in lots of different places. You can find them in the grass 1 and dirt(灰尘) in your yard. You can find them on trees and in your home.
Ants can be different 2 colours. They can be black, brown, red, green, or yellow. Ants have two antennae(触须) that they use to touch and 3 smell.
What Do Ants Look Like?
Ants are insects. 4 Their bodies have three parts, and they have six strong legs. Some ants have large, strong jaws(颚). They use their jaws 5 to__cut food and to fight.
Ants can be tiny or large. Some big ants are as 6 large as a paper clip(夹子). Ants are very strong for their 7 size.
Groups of Ants
Most ants 8 build nests under or on tops of the ground. Different ants in the nest have different jobs. The queen ant 9 lays all the eggs. Some worker ants take care of the eggs and baby ants. Some worker ants get food. Soldier ants 10 guard the nest.
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了蚂蚁的生活习性、颜色、外形以及蚁群的不同分工。
【答案精析】
1．and 分析句子可知，空格前的名词“grass”和空格后的名词“dirt”是并列关系。故填and。
2．colours 由空格前的“different”可知此空填名词。结合备选单词及后句“They can be black, brown, red, green, or yellow.”可知是指“颜色”。因不止一种颜色，故应填复数colours。
3．smell 由空格前的“touch”和“and”可知此空填动词。结合备选项及常识可知蚂蚁的触须是触摸和嗅觉气味的工具。故填smell。
4．Their 分析句子成分可知，此空作定语，要用形容词或形容词性物主代词。结合备选单词及“Ants are insects.”可知是指“它们的身体”。故填Their，注意句首单词首字母要大写。
5．to cut 空格后的food是名词，此空要填动词。结合备选单词及语境“颚是用来切割食物和打架”确定用cut。use sth. to do sth.意为“用某物做某事”。故填to cut。
6．large 由系动词are可确定as...as中间要用形容词的原级。再由big确定此空要填large。
7．size 由空格前的“their”可确定此处要填名词。结合备选单词及语境可知填size。 8．build 空格后的“nests”是名词，此空要填动词，“筑巢”用动词build。主语ants是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填build。
9．lays 表示“下蛋”用lay。主语“The queen ant”是第三人称单数，故要填lay的第三人称单数lays。
10．guard 兵蚁“守卫”巢穴，应用guard。主语“Soldier ants”是复数，谓语动词
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