发布时间 : 星期五 文章新概念英语第三册笔记更新完毕开始阅读
新概念第三册
3．with + 名词 + adv.
With the gloves off, she felt cold.
With the lights on, the building looks beautiful. 4．with + 名词 + 现在分词（主动） with + 名词 + 过去分词（被动）
Withthe guide leading us, we got to the village. The boy was crying with the vase broken. 5．with + 名词 + 不定式
With the hard work to be done, we have to prepare for it.
第十一章 平行结构 Parallel Structures
许多句子在描述一个人或一件物品时往往会出现一系列修饰语；动词的修饰语， 即副词往往也会几个同时使用，构成平行结构，平行结构要求语法结构须保持一致，如：
1．系列动词：
after school, we sang, danced and played the piano in the classroom.
2．系列形容词：
She is slim, tall, blond and beautiful. 3．系列副词：
The students are listening to me carefully and eagerly.
平行结构不仅包括动词，形容词，副词，也包括分词，不定式，动名词，名词短语和句子等的平行用法，务必提高辨别力。
测试精编
I 单选：
1. The purpose of the research had a different meaning for them than ________.
A. ours B. for ours it had C. with us D. it did for us
2. The decision to ration a commodity rests on a judgement of its relative scarcity, ________ and the feasibility of continuing it.
A. it is important B. is it important
C. its importance D. what is its importance
3. Scandinavian countries make household goods that are designed both to function well ________.
A. and to be looking beautiful B. and to look beautiful
C. and to be beautiful looking D. as well as to look beautifully
4. The chairman urged the members of the committee to set aside their differences ________.
A. and began to work
B. starting to begin to work C. and be settled for work
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新概念第三册
D. and settle down to work
5. In his novels the author combines sound scholarship with ________.
A. a witty style B.a style of wit
C. a style full of wit D. a style which witty
6. During the examination we were supposed to stay in our seats, keep our eyes on our work, ________ to anyone.
A. but could not talk B. rather than speak C. instead of speaking D. and not speak
7. Paris is renowned both as the political center of the nation and as ________.
A. the cultural center also
B. a center of cultural activity C. being a cultural center
D. to be a center of cultural activity
8. The bonding power of any adhesive depends on the cohesion of the adhesive itself and ________ to the surface to which it is applied.
A. how well does the adhesive adhere B. how well the adhesive adheres C. does the adhesive adheres D. the adhesive adheres
9. Molds can't produce their own food ________ their nourishment from living on dead organic matter or on other living matter.
A. obtain B. obtained C. but obtain D. is obtained
10. I her writing, Eleanor Willie often dealt with her own personality as it was, rather than ________.
A. as others defined it B. other's definitions C. its definition by others D. it was defined by others
第十二章 容易混淆的动词 Some Confusing Verbs
在学习英语动词时，一些初学者常碰到大量易混淆的同义词，下面就几组常用的动词加以比较。
1. rise，raise，arise，arouse
“rise” 是不及物动词，过去式为rose，过去分词为risen，其基本词义“上升，上涨”。
● The sun rises in the east.
● A good idea rose in my mind. “raise” 是及物规则动词，“举起，提高”。 ● He raised his voice to make himself heard. ● The boy can raise the heavy stone.
“arise”，是不及物动词，过去式为arose，过去分词arisen，其语义为“出现，发生” 。
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新概念第三册
● His curiosity arose due to the question his mother asked.
“arouse”是及物动词，过去式和过去分词为aroused，其语义为“唤醒，引起” arouse somebody from sleep 把某人唤醒 arouse suspicion 引起怀疑
2. lay，lie，lie “lay”及物动词，“放置，生蛋”，过去式与过去分词为 “laid” I've laid the book on the self. The hen lays an egg every day. “lie”不及物动词“位于，平躺”，过去式为“lay”过去分词 “lain” He lay on the floor and slept soundly. Beijing lies in the north of China. “lie”及物动词“说谎”，它是规则动词。 He lied to his teacher.
3. sit，seat
“sit”不及物动词，过去式与过去分词均为 “sat”。 He sat in the classroom reading newspaper. “seat”及物动词，“使就坐”“容纳”。 He seats himself here. He is seated there.
He seats the baby on his knees. The hall will seat 5000 people.
4. affect，effect
“affect” 及物动词，“对??有影响，感动，触及” The relations between then will be affected.
“effect” 及物动词， “导致，造成，带来（变化），产生” The changes in methods effected some improvement in his study.
5. hang (hanged, hanged) / (hung, hung)
当 hang过去式与过去分词为 “hanged”，其含义是“绞死”；而当hang的过去式与过去分词为“hung”时，其含义是“悬挂”。
The man was hanged for murder. He hung his coat on the hook.
6. borrow，lend “borrow”借入 “borrow sth. from ...”
“lend”(lent, lent) 借出 “lend sb. sth” 或 “lend sth. To sb.”
7. take，bring，fetch
“take”(took, taken) 及物动词“拿走”
“bring”(brought, brought) 及物动词“带走” “fetch”及物动词，“去取回来”
8. receive，accept
“receive” 客观上收到 “accept” 主观上愿意接受
I received his gift, but I wouldn't like to accept it.
9. fit, suit“适合”
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新概念第三册
“fit” 指“尺寸”的适合
“suit” 指“款式，花样等”的适合
The dress doesn't fit me. It is too long. Blue is the color that suits her well.
10. answer，reply “回答” “answer” — vt.
“reply” — vi 须和 “to”连用
“you needn't know it.” He answered.
So far, they haven't answered / replied to our questions.
11. spend, cost, take “花费”
“spend” (spent, spent) 花“时间，金钱”主语须是人。 He spend 5 hours writing the article.
“cost” (cost, cost) 花费“金钱，时间，劳力”可接双宾，主语须是“物” The book cost me $20 and 2 days.
“take” 通常指花“时间”主语须是“某种事情” It takes me 20 minuter to go to school. The work took me longer than I expected.
12. assure，ensure
“assure” 使放心 assure sb. of sth.
assure sb. that...
I can assure you of my honesty.
“ensure” 保证 ensure sth.（其后不能接人称）
ensure that
ensure doing sth.
I can ensure his safety.
He ensured that he finished the job in time. He ensured coming back later.
百分重点：如ensure 含义为“保护，使安全”，其结构为： ensure sb from / against sth.
He ensured the boy from drowning.
13. beat, defeat, win — vt.
“beat” (beat, beaten) 战胜，打败比赛，辩论中的对手 He beat John at chess yesterday.
“defeat”“击败”敌军，入侵者，整个球队 They defeated the enemy in that battle.
“win” (won, won)“赢得比赛”win over sb.（赢了某人） The football team won the match.
14. damage，destroy，hurt，spoil，wound，injure.
以上六个词中，“hurt” 可作及物，不及物动词外，其余五个均为及物动词。 “damage” —— 损坏（害）（有修复的可能性）
“destroy” —— 摧毁，打破（希望，计划）毁灭（无修复的可能性） “hurt” —— 伤害（感情或身体某一部位）痛疼
“spoil” —— 破坏，糟蹋（晚会，旅游，参观等）宠爱，惯怀（孩子）
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