发布时间 : 星期四 文章2011专科接本科教育考试英语模拟试题4更新完毕开始阅读
in the incidence of cancer in various societies around the world — for example, the high proportion of liver cancer in Africa and the Far East, stomach cancer in Japan, breast cancer in Western Europe and North America, and the relatively low figures for breast cancer in Japan and parts of Africa and for liver cancer in America. These data indicate there may be special and specific environmental influences, largely based on personal life-style, that determine the incidence of various forms of cancer in different communities — but that is all the data suggest. The overall incidence of cancer, counting up all the cases, is probable roughly the same everywhere.
46．Which of the following is closest to meaning to the phrase “leveling off”?
A)Became very popular
B)Reached its lowest level in popularity C)Stopped being popular
D)Stopped increasing its popularity
47．According to the passage, the incidence of cancer is generally believed _____.
A)to be based on inactive life style B)to be due to anxiety
C)to result from environmental influences D)to be caused by heavy smoking
48．It can be inferred from the passage that the writer’s opinion
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about the relationship between cancer and environment is_____. A)positive B)negative C)neutral D)approving
49．According to the passage, the writer seems to feel that_____. A)cancer risk is on the rise
B)the whole earth resembles a huge carcinogen
C)the risk of catching cancer is not so great as most people conceive D)cancer can be cured sooner or later
50．Which of the following would be the best TITLE for the passage? A)Cancer and Environment B)The Fear Caused by Cancers C)Data on Cancer Incidence D)Cancer and its Investigation
Passage 4
Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then
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suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.
Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.
So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.
A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you
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aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”
51. William Farr’s study and other studies show that _________. [A] social life provides an effective cure for illness [B] being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life [C] women benefit more than men from marriage [D] marriage contributes a great deal to longevity 52 Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _________. [A] older men should quit smoking to stay healthy [B] marriage can help make up for ill health [C] the married are happier than the unmarried
[D] unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life
53. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side”Para. 2) refers to _________.
[A] the disadvantages of being married
[B] the emotional problems arising from marriage [C] the responsibility of taking care of one’s family [D] the consequence of a broken marriage
54. What does the author say about social networks? [A] They have effects similar to those of a marriage. [B] They help develop people’s community spirit. [C] They provide timely support for those in need.
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(Line 4,