高中英语专题讲解 - -高中时态

发布时间 : 星期三 文章高中英语专题讲解 - -高中时态更新完毕开始阅读

穿put on—have on/wear 放置put—lay 结婚marry—be married 认识get to know—know 回来come back—be back 离开leave—be away 站起stand up—stand 坐下sit down—sit 生病fall ill—be ill 死亡die—be dead 关闭turn off—be off 打开turn on—be on 起床get up—be up 动身leave for—be off 变成become—be 返回return—be back 开始begin—be on 认出recognize—know 睡觉go to bed—sleep 来/去come/go—be in/away 参加join—be a member of

感冒take/get/catch a cold—have a cold 入睡go to seep—be asleep

到达get to/arrive in/arrive at/reach—be in 10个瞬间性动词巧记

开始离去,借来还,参加人死,买到家。

注:①“开始离去,借来还”为begin, leave, go, borrow, come, return 6词。

②“参加人死,买到家”为join, die, buy, arrive 4词。

b. 由if, when, before, after, as soon as等引导的状语从句中,以现在完成时代替将来完成时。如:

He will return the book as soon as he has done with it. 他一看完那本书,就会还的。

c. 现在完成时不能和明确表示过去时间的状语连用,如ago, yesterday, last year, at that time, then及when等引导的时间状语从句等。 d. have gone to与have been to的区别

①have gone to表示“到某地去了”,因此人可能还在路上,也可能已经到达,但一定不在说话者这里。

②have been to表示“去过某地”,显然是回来之后再谈论去过某地的情况。 Mary has gone to the library. 玛丽去图书馆了。(现在还没回来) Mary has been to Hong Kong. 玛丽去过香港。(现在已经回来) (4). 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

a. 一 般过去时所表示的一个或一段过去时间,是可以具体确定的,与其他时间没有牵连;它所表示的事情纯屑过去,与现在情况没有关系。现在完成时所表示的事情发生 在不能具体指出的过去某个或某段时间,它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系,是过去发生的事情对现在产生的结果或对现在的影响,或一直持续着。

Did you go to Canada last year?

你去年去加拿大了吗?(表示去年发生的行为) Have you been to Canada? 你去过加拿大吗?

(表示过去某个时间发生的行为,但问现在的情况,即你对那里了解多少) b. 有确定的过去时间状语可与一般过去时连用,但不能用于现在完成时。能用于现在完成时的是在一定意义上与现在时间有关系的时间状语。 I learned Java language at college. 上大学时我学过Java语言。

(这是上大学时的行为,强调这一行为发生在大学期间) I have learned Java language. 我学过Java语言。

(强调我学过,有能力,能胜任某些工作,并不强调过去的行为)

I have been to Japan twice. 我去过日本两次。 (说明体验,强调对现在的影响,我对日本了解) She has gone to Japan. 她去日本了。 (对现在的影响,她不在这儿)

She went to Japan last week. 她上周去日本了。

He bought a house ten years ago. 10年前他买了栋房子。(现在是否还拥有那栋房子就说不定了)

He has bought a house. 他已经买了一栋房子。 (到说话的时候他仍然拥有那拣房子)

巩固提升6

例1. Danny ________ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.

A. works B. is working C. has worked D. worked 点拨: C 下划线处要表示现在广受欢迎的Danny从过去至今一直为实现具梦想努力工作,选用现在完成时最为贴切。

例2. The country life he was used to ________ greatly sincel992. (2005山东)

A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed 点拨: B 本题中be used to的宾语为the country life(考生很容易误选A或C,误解为be used to doing或be used to do), he was used to为定语从句,修饰the country life,下划线处应为主句的谓语动词。因主语为the country life,因此谓语动词应选用has changed。

例3. We ________ our new neighbors yet, so we don't know their names.

A. don't meet B. won't meet C. haven't met D. hadn't met 点拨: C题眼是yet这个单词,是完成时态的标志词之一,并且题干中提到“现在不知道他们的名字”,所以应选用现在完成时。

7、过去完成时

(1) 过去完成时的形式:had+过去分词 (2). 过去完成时的用法

a. 在过去某时之前完成或在过去另一动作之前所完成的动作。如: She had learned English before she came to England. 她在来英国以前已学过英文了。

I went there at the time agreed upon, but they had already disappeared. 我在约好的时间去那里,但是他们早已散去了。

I asked him if he had ever seen a whale blowing. 我问他是否看过鲸喷水。

b. 表过去某时之前的动作,已经延续了一段时间,常与for, since连用。如:

He had been ill for a week when he sent to the hospital. 当他被送进医院就医的时候,已经病了一个星期了。

I was much grieved at his death; we had been good friends since our childhood. 听说他死了我很悲伤,我们从小就是好朋友。

C. 表示过去未曾实现的希望或计划。常用的动词有hope, expect, suppose, intend, mean, think, want, plan, imagine等。如: I had hoped to pass the examination. 我曾希望能通过考试。(可是未通过)

She had thought of paying us a visit, but the bad weather made her change her plan. 她本来想来看我们,但恶劣的天气使她改变了计划。

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