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名词性从句讲解 思维导图（附练习题）
定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses). 名词性从句包括主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句. ★ 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。 2. Do you know anything who① 从属连词that; whether; if 1.分类 (只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分） ② 连接代词 what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, 引导名词名词性从句的连接词选用原则：“缺什么就补什么”性从句的等. 连接词 I know what he is talking about. (在从句 中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。从句中缺宾语,指物) ③ 连接副词who he is (when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever从句中缺表语,指人) 等 Where he will go is unknown. (从句中缺地点状语) I’m sure that they will come tomorrow. (从句中什么都不缺) I don’t know which book I should choose. (从句中缺定语) 定义：充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句 That she was chosen made a great stir (轰动) in her school. 注意: ①it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系： It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary / important that…. 主语从句 It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is universally acknowledged that../ ②It 作形式主语和 it 引导强调句的比较 It is known that… 强调句It + be +： It is 名词in the morning + that-从句 that It is common knowledge/ a fact the murder took place. 去掉该结构后 , 句子成分完整 that…) ……是常识/事实 主语从句It +：不及物动词It was a pity+ that- that 分句you shouldn’t It happens that…go to 碰巧see .. / It occurs tothe film. （在句子中作主语成分） sb.that… 突然想起…… ③whatever /whichever/ whoever引导主语从句的区别 Ⅰ Whatever 是what的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于 that… Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong. Ⅱ whoever 是who的强调形式，表示‘无论谁’ 相当于anyone ~ever …. ( Whoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain
will
catch a cold.
Ⅲ whichever ‘无论哪个;无论哪些’,既指人,又指物. 可修饰名
词与of
连用
Whichever book you borrow doesn’t matter to us. others.
day. 带宾语 I am glad that you can come and help me. should he should go to see the doctor. be set free. 宾语从句 I took it for granted that they were not coming. Whichever of us fulfills his task will lend a hand to
定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句
We can learn what we didn’t know.
We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every
★某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可
从句
注意：① wish/would rather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。
I wish I had finished my homework yesterday. I’d rather you had been there yesterday
② 在表示建议,命令, 请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V, 可以省略
His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that
He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should
③ 注意it作形式宾语的结构
We all thought it a pity that we had missed the lesson. ④ that一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语；其它介 词后面需用it作形式宾语
He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare
time to
reading.
He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London. You can depend on it that he will help you in time of
emergency.
定义：充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。
The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a 表语从句 short time. 注意：reason后面的表语从句只能用that,不能用why引导. ★The reason is that（because ×)…
The reason why we didn’t trust him is that he has often lied. (该句型中why引导一个定语从句)
定义：同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容. 这些名词
主要是表示抽象概念的词如fact, news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice等
★同位语的引导词有that; whether; why; who; where; how等；其中
that 和whether只起引导作用
其他连词具有实际意思，同时在同位语中作句子成分。
同位语从句 The news that China broken the world record in the Olympic Games
has cheered all of us. The question why so many people would choose to live in the
countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion. ( why 引导
同位语从句解 释说明中心语question的内容；且why在从句中作状语) 注意：① 只起引导作用时，连接词用that而不用which
Where did you get the idea that she could not come. ② 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 就看that在作引导的从句中是否 做句子成分
The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very important. （that 引导定语)
The is very
good. (that ( catch
a cold. ( 否…”
whetherseeing. I have no idea party.
suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise
引导同位语从句)
在名词性从句当中只能用wh~, 在引导让步状语从 句两者可以互换. He will believe whatever others say. ⒈ No matter+wh~ 与 (wh~+ever区别 划线部分部分为名词性从句，不能互换) Whatever others say, he will believe it. 划线部分为状语从句，可以互换) Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will 不可互换)
★ 原则：能用if的情况，都能用whether表“是① 在表语, 同位语，主语(置于句首时)从句时只用 表“是否”
The question is whether the film is worth
（表语从句）
whether we should go to the （同位语从句）
Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t