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6．严复：一名之立，旬月__________。/2 7．陆殿扬先生就曾明确指出：Translate ___________, if possible, or, appeal to free translation./1
8．乔姆斯基关于深层结构与表层结构的理论，对我们认识此点不无裨益。所谓深层结构，就是运用短语结构规则和词项插入规则后所得到的结构，它包含句子成分间的语法关系和深层语义。所谓表层结构，______________________________________________________。/2
9．Nida认为，在一定条件下，才可以改变形式。他为此提出了改变形式的五个条件：/5 a/ b/ c/ d/ e/
10．Nida认为：不合乎以上五个条件，就不能随便更改；必须保持形式的一致，也就是采取________的方法。/1
11．Translations are like women – when they are faithful they are not beautiful, when they are beautiful they are not faithful.此比喻与我国老子的一个说法不谋而合。老子说____________________/2
II．Sentence translation：（24%）
1．This calls into question all of our assumptions that gay men are feminine.
2．One can’t think of Africa without thinking of Egypt, the cradle of an ancient civilization, nor of Egypt without the Nile. 3．Mary never accepted an invitation unless Anne was included in it. It was a case of love me, love my dog.
4．And as to the chapter of accidents which counts for so much in the book of success, I could only hope that it was closed.
5．Translations are like matchmakers; they bring the praise of some half-veiled beauty and arouse an irresistible longing for the original.
6．The real escapist can watch a free film and sip champagne on some services.
7．Tess set up in bed, lost in vague interspace between dreams and this information.
8．If we do not hang together, we shall most assuredly hang separately.
9．It is a long lane that has no turning. 10．Health programs initiated in work environments, health clinics, hospitals and schools could be improved with more individual tailoring.
11．Having sex once or twice a week gives a boost to the immune system that could help ward off colds and flu, New Scientist magazine said Wednesday.
12．Strike at him with your hand; and to him, the aspect of the matter is, what to you it would be, if an acre（英亩）of red clay, ten feet thick, tore itself up from the ground and came crashing down with an aim. He steps out of the way of your hand, and alights（落下）on the back of it. You cannot terrify him, nor govern him, nor persuade him, nor convince him.
III. Sentence translation（20%）:
1/ Most of us, however, take life for granted. We know that one day we must die, but usually we picture that day as far in the future. When we are in buoyant (本义：有浮力的) health, death is all but unimaginable. We seldom think of it. The days stretch out in an endless vista（展望）. So we go about our petty tasks, hardly aware of our listless (冷漠的) attitude toward life./7
2/ It is the same old story of not being grateful for what we have until we lose it, of not being conscious of health until we are ill./6
3/ I have often thought it would be a blessing if each human being were stricken blind and deaf for a few days at some time during his early adult life. Darkness would make him more appreciative of sight; silence would teach him the joys of sound. /7
IV．Passage translation（26%）：
―We are not sure what this means,'' said Dr. George Carlo, who headed the industry's $27 million safety research project from 1993 until last year. ``This could be a colossal (巨大的) coincidence or the tip of the iceberg（冰山）,'' said Carlo, an epidemiologist （流行病学家）and lawyer. / 4
With 86 million cellular phone users in the United States alone and 30,000 new users signing up daily, ―this translates into a potentially significant public health problem, should the use of these devices even slightly increase the risk of adverse health effects,'' the FDA says. /10
If you're concerned about the microwave radiation（辐射）emitted（发出）from your cell phone, the FDA suggests these precautions: /2
Avoid using cell phones for long durations. ―Time is a key factor in how much exposure a person receives,'' the agency is advising consumers. People should use convention telephones for longer conversations, the agency says. /3
If cell phones must be used for lengthy calls, the FDA advises switching to a model that places greater distance between the user's head and the phone ―since the (radiation) exposure level drops off dramatically with distance.'' /4
For example, headsets or earphones let users make calls while keeping the antenna（天线） several feet from the head. Another example is a car phone with the antenna on the outside of the car. /3
Key to EC Translation Examination Paper for F9814001/02（A/B卷）
(英译汉技巧与实践试卷答案)
Jan. 17（周三）2001 (8:00 – 10:00 a.m.)/下院309 （注：B卷的答案是顺序在每小题的末尾）
I．Fill in the blanks in the following sentences:（30%） 信达雅 / 9
2．忠实、通顺 / 10 3．“动态对等”(dynamic equivalence)、“功能对等”（functional equivalence）/11
4．a/ Glaring errors in ECT derived from the take-it-for-granted attitude –-- Dictionary is indispensable.
b/ Mechanical reference fails the translators – Dictionary is not always so reliable. c/ English to English dictionary is sometimes a better helper. d/ Never confine your reference to one dictionary.
e/ Divergent thought works when dictionaries fail to work.
f/ Dictionaries cannot be expected to be always correct, esp. the dictionaries compiled by Chinese scholars. / 6
5．开箱子的 / 2 6．踟躇 / 3 7．Literally / 4
8．就是在深层结构上运用转换规则衍生出来实际运用的句子。 / 5 9．a/ 直译会导致意义上的错误时；
b/ 引入外来语形成语义空白（semantic zero），读者有可能自己填入错误的意义时； c/ 形式对等引起严重的意义晦涩时；
d/ 形式对等引起作者原意所没有的歧义时； e/ 形式对等违反译入语的语法或文体规范时。/ 6 10．直译 / 7
11．美言不信，信言不美。 /8 II．Translate：（24%）
1．这就使我们的男同性恋者女性化的设想值得商榷了。/3
2．想起非洲，人们不可能不想到作为古代文明发祥地之一的埃及；而想起埃及，也不可能不想到尼罗河。/2
3．如果有什么人邀请玛丽而不请按妮，玛丽就不会去。这真是一个“如果你爱我，就要爱我的狗 / 如果你爱我，就得爱属于我的一切”的例子。/1
4．成功的人生是一本书，而这本书里，巧合则是至关重要的一个章节。而对于这种巧合，我现在却不敢奢求。/12
5．翻译作品好象媒人：他们给你带来对某个清纱半掩的美人的称赞，从而引起你很想一见其人的本来面目的欲望。/11
6．在某些航线上，想解闷的人，可以看看免费电影，喝喝香槟。/ 10
7．苔丝从床上坐起来，一听这个话，一半朦胧，一半清醒，在那儿发愣。/ 4