发布时间 : 星期四 文章【中考英语】最新中考语法专题-被动语态(讲解练习)更新完毕开始阅读
被动语态
一、语态：是动词的一种形式，用于说明主语与谓语之间的关系。
① 英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
② 主动语态表示：主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示：主语是动作的承受者。 ③ 只有及物动词才有被动语态。
④ 被动语态谓语动词的结构为：be done（过去分词）。 ⑤ 汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。 二、八大时态的主动语态和被动语态对照： 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 主动语态 do/does did will do am/is/are going to do 过去将来时 would do was/were going to do 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 情态动词 三、用法
1、一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are done）
Children love these songs. 主 谓 宾 These songs are loved by children. 主 谓 状 注：主动语态的宾语 → 被动语态的主语
只有及物动词（组）才有被动语态；不及物动词（组）没有宾语，即没有被动语态。 主动语态的主语在被动语态中，前面需加by—“被”。 2、主动变被动的几个重点
Jane looks after the cat. 主 谓 宾 The cat is looked after by Jane. 主 谓 状 am/is/are doing was were doing have/has done had done can/may/mus t do 被动语态 am/is/are done was/were done will be done am/is/are going to be done would be done was/were going to be done am/is/are being done was/were being done have/has been done had been done can/may/must be done 助动词 am/is/are was/were will am/is/are would was/were am/is/are was/were have/has had can/may/must （1）短语动词
短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变被动语态时，不可丢掉介词或副词。
People speak to old men politely here. 这里的人们对老人讲话有礼貌。
→ Old men are spoken to politely here by people.
（2）带双宾语的动词 语。
We often give him a nice present at Christmas.
带双宾语的动词变被动语态时有两种方式，可分别将间接宾语和直接宾语转化为被动语态的主
→ He is often given a nice present at Christmas by us. → A nice present is often given to him at Christmas by us.
（3）带复合宾语的动词
宾语加宾补构成复合宾语。变被动语态时，把宾语变主语，原来的宾语补足语成为被动语态的主
语补足语。
The teacher calls him Peter. → He is called Peter by the teacher.
感官动词see, hear, watch, feel, notice等及使役动词let, make, have等后跟省略to的动词不定式作
宾补，在变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符号to。
He makes the girl stay at home.
→ The girl is made to stay at home by him.
（4）表达情感的动词
如：interest(使感兴趣)，worry(使烦忧)，surprise(使惊讶)，tire(使疲劳)，bore(使无聊)，move(使
感动)等，可用被动形式。
练习
（一）将主动语态改为被动语态
1. We all love our motherland deeply.
_____________________________________________________ 2. This factory makes mobile phones.
_____________________________________________________ 3. My parents don’t allow me to smoke.
_____________________________________________________ 4. They often hear her sing songs after class.
_____________________________________________________ 5. My mother always makes me a cake on my birthday.
_____________________________________________________ 6. Do you grow rice in the south?
_____________________________________________________
He always surprises us. → We are always surprised by him.
7. The police man makes the young man move his car.
_____________________________________________________ 8. Why do they call him Mr. Know-all?
_____________________________________________________ 9. Most girls don’t like football.
_____________________________________________________ （二）单项选择
1. —Can you tell me how to make apple juice?
—Sure. Please watch carefully and you will see how it ______. A. is made
B. is making
C. makes
D. will make
2. —What a clean and bright classroom, isn’t it?
—Yes, it’s always clean and bright because it ______ every day. A. cleans
B. cleaned
C. is cleaned
D. was cleaned
3. —What a beautiful factory!
—Well, workers ______ very much here. A. need
B. are needing
C. are needed
D. will need
4. —How often ______ your school sports meeting ______? —Every two years. A. were; held A. is; used
B. are; held B. is; using
C. was held
D. is; held D. was; used
D. is spoken; is spoken
5. We learn how to surf the Internet because it ______ widely ______ in the world.
C. does; use
6. English ______ in many countries, but Chinese ______ their own language. A. is spoken; speaks
B. speaks; is spoken
C. is spoken; speak
（三）用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Parents ______________（respect）by Chinese people. 2. Shakespeare’s greatest play ______________（call）Hamlet. 3. I am looking for a man ______________（name）Tom.
4. Lunyu ______________（think）to be one of the greatest Chinese books. 5. Betty is often seen ______________（help）the old man with his housework. 6. The Great Wall ______________（know）all over the world. 7. Neither of them ______________（make）in China.
8. He ______________（make）______________（work）over twelve hours a day by the boss. 9. This kind of shoes ______________（sell）well. 10. The pen ______________（write）well.
3、一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态（was/were done; will be done; am/is/are going to be done）
We beat Class Two last time. → Class Two was beaten by us last time.
People will ask Liu Xiang to appear in films. → Liu Xiang will be asked to appear in films. The floor will be swept soon. 地不久就会扫的。
The knives will be sharpened soon. 到不久就会磨的。 练习
（一）将主动语态改为被动语态
1. We built the bridge three years ago.
_____________________________________________________ 2. They will publish his new book next month.
_____________________________________________________ 3. Did they build a bridge a year ago?
_____________________________________________________ 4. We saw the monkey jump off the tree.
_____________________________________________________ （二）将被动语态改为主动语态
1. The school sports meeting won’t be held by them next week. _____________________________________________________ 2. The story was told to us by my grandpa.
_____________________________________________________ 3. Who was the book written by?
_____________________________________________________ 4. The yearbooks were taken out of the reading room by somebody. _____________________________________________________ （三）单项选择
1. —You are ______ on the phone, Tony. —Yes, mum, ______. A. wanted; I’m coming
B. called; I’m coming C. needed; I’ll come
2. —Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. —I’m sorry, but I ______ when to leave. A. don’t tell B. didn’t tell C. wasn’t told 3. I ______ to take part in the English speech contest last week. A. ask
B. asked
C. am asked
4. —Are you going to the party ______ at Smith’s home this evening? —I will if I am free. A. holding
B. held
C. to hold
5. —Long time no see!
—I’ve just returned. I ______ to Zhengzhou for a meeting last month. A. am sent
B. was sent
C. am sending 6. The play ______ at the theatre next Sunday. A. is going to be shown B. will shown
C. will show
7. —Who’s the little baby in the photo, Susan? —It’s me. This photo ______ ten years ago.
D. asked; I’ll come
D. was asked
D. to be held
D. was sending D. is shown