发布时间 : 星期六 文章城市广场绿化设计更新完毕开始阅读
毕业论文
题目：城市广场绿化设计
姓 名： 专 业： 园林花卉 班 级： 园林 071 2009年 月 日
目 录
摘要 ······················································································································ 1 关键词 ··················································································································· 1 前言 ······················································································································ 2 1. 城市广场定义及其分类 ·························································································· 3 1.1 城市广场的定义······························································································· 3 1.2 城市广场的分类······························································································· 3 1.2.1 集会游行广场 ···························································································· 3
1.2.2 交通广场 ································································································· 3 1.2.3 商业广场 ································································································· 3 1.2.4 纪念性广场······························································································· 4 1.2.5 文化娱乐休闲广场 ······················································································ 4 2. 城市广场规划设计的原则 ······················································································· 4 2. 1“以人为本”原则 ····························································································· 4 2.2 地方特色原则 ································································································· 5 2.3 效益兼顾原则 ································································································· 5 2.4 突出主题原则 ································································································· 6 3. 广场绿地设计内容 ································································································ 6 3.1 广场绿地种植设计的基本形式 ············································································· 6 3.1.1 排列式种植······························································································· 6 3.1.2 集团式种植······························································································· 7 3.1.3 自然式种植······························································································· 7 3.2 广场植物景观布局 ···························································································· 7 3. 2. 1 广场绿地地形与树冠形的配植 ······································································· 7 3. 2. 2 城市广场景观植物树种的选择 ······································································· 7 3. 2. 3 不同冠形植物间的搭配 ················································································ 7 3. 3 城市广场草坪区的植物配置 ················································································ 8 3. 3. 1 草坪的主景植物配置 ··················································································· 8 3. 3. 2 成林式树丛的配置 ······················································································ 8 3. 3. 3 草坪庇荫树的配置 ······················································································ 9 4. 城市广场建设中存在的问题 ···················································································· 9 4.1 城市广场建设中存在的问题 ················································································ 9 4.1.1 注重广场防灾功能 ······················································································ 9 4.1.2 注重交通组织 ···························································································· 9 5. 案例分析 ············································································································ 9 5.1 五一广场 ······································································································· 9 5.2 五一广场 ······································································································ 10 6. 结论 ················································································································· 11 7 参考文献 ··········································································································· 13 8. 学生论文评价表 ·································································································· 14
摘 要
本文阐述了广场功能的不同，归纳了现代城市广场的类型，并讨论每种类型广场的特点，针对目前城市广场建设中存在的生态问题，提出了广场绿化的植物配置与造景的一些方法，特别探讨了如何进行广场植物景观布局。城市广场是城市道路交通体系中具有多种功能的空间，是人们政治、文化活动的中心，常常是公共建筑集中的地方。城市广场是城市居民社会活动的中心，可组织集会，供交通集散，也是人流、车流的交通枢纽或居民游览休息和组织商业贸易交流的场所，广场周围一般均布置城市中的重要建筑物和设施，故能集中体现城市的艺术面貌。城市广场往往成为表现城市特征的标志。随着城市化进程的加速, 城市建设的兴起, 广场正在扮演着越来越重要的不可或缺的角色。广场不再是简单的空地和绿化, 而是满足市民户外休闲要求的、人性化的、高品质的公共空间。广场的规划建设调整了城市建筑布局，加大了生活空间，改善了生活环境质量。因此，规划设计好城市广场，对提升城市形象、增强城市的吸引力尤为重要。在城市广场空间环境设计中要充分考虑满足人的生理、心理需求，体现以人为本的设计原则，要从绿化、水体、地面铺装、建筑小品等要素着手，创造出不同性质、不同功能、各具特色的空间，以适应不同年龄、不同阶层、不同职业市民的多样化需求。城市广场不仅是一个城市的象征，人流聚集的地方，而且也是城市历史文化的融合，塑造自然美和艺术美的空间。故城市广场，特别城市中心广场是一个城市的标志，是城市的名片。一个城市要令人可爱，让人留恋，它必须要有独具魅力的广场。在现代城市广场的规划中，绿化植物也作为一种“语言”，以其特有的方式陈述着整个广场的设计理念，具备科学性与艺术性两方面的高度统一。
关键词：广场，设计，植物配置
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前 言
改革开放以来，全国各地城市建设日新月异。但与发达国家相比，我们的城市、特别是内地的一些城市建筑物大都缺乏新意，沿街、沿巷砌得满满荡荡，给人以一种千城一面、单调沉闷的压抑感。人在街上走，仿佛井中蛙，难怪有西方友人对中国迟迟不改几千年沿袭下来的画地为牢、自我封闭的建筑风格很不理解，并为之大发感慨。他认为建筑是人们赖以生活和工作的场所，对解放思想能起到目染耳濡的作用。可喜的是在广州率先引进世界兴起不久的新潮流、新模式——广场建筑，以全方位开放的姿态来面对市场经济新时代，为广州迈向完全开放的国际化大都市谱就新篇章。这很值得各地城市学习和借鉴。
广场建筑向人们展示的则是一派全新的景象，走出了一条环境设计取代建筑设计的新路：在同一环境里，它是一个完全开放的空间，有亭台楼阁、有主体广场、有主次道路、有绿树草坪、有喷泉水池，它们交相辉映，和谐雅观，房屋在广场建筑的总体环境中仍然是主角，但它仅仅为其一部分。广场建筑在设计上，要求融古典建筑艺术与现代建筑手法为一体，融民族特色与异域风情于一炉，尤其是在外墙装饰上，要采用多种装饰材料和技术，如马赛克或花岗岩饰面、玻璃幕墙、绿色生态墙相结合，打破现在流行的饰面材料单一、一统到底的建筑外观，做到既庄重又典雅，与周围的环境相协调、相得益彰。巴黎人以巴黎为自豪，因为在这座国际化大都市中除监狱和公墓外，一切都是完全开放式的设计，人们能够充分共享阳光下的空间。建筑水准的高低是城市现代化程度高低的重要标志，城市广场是城市现代化的主要硬件之一。改革开放以来，我们的城市也耸立起一大批令人瞩目的高层建筑。然而，这些建筑或因场地有限，或因资金不足，或因设计风格的不同，或多或少与完全意义上开放式的广场建筑在观念上有区别。相比之下，开放的建筑更显得文明与进步。
也许有人会说：现在城市寸土寸金，留那么多广场岂不浪费？或云：建几十层甚至上百层的建筑，有那么多资金和相应的技术吗？其实，这些都不成问题。如广场主体建筑向空中发展，地盘自然也就宽了；再如只要政府发挥好统筹协调职能，把众多的建设单位、房地产公司和广大市民手中的闲散资金融合起来，把国土规划、设计、建筑力量综合利用起来，就能刮起城市广场建设的旋风。让我们的生活空间亮丽起来，多一点绿树红花，多一点蓝天白云。
为此本文仅就广场功能的不同，归纳现代城市广场的类型，针对目前城市广场建设中存在的生态问题，提出了广场绿化的植物配置与造景的一些方法等作以介绍和评述。
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