初三(中考)英语语法总复习

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England,Mary;

2. 泛指的复数名词,表示一类人或事物时,可不用定冠词; They are teachers. 他们是教师。

3. 抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词;

Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。

4. 物质名词表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词;

Man cannot live without water. 人离开水就无法生存。

5. 在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前,不加冠词; We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从星期一到星期五都上课。 6. 在称呼或表示官衔,职位的名词前不加冠词;

The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。

7. 在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前,不加冠词 have breakfast play chess

8. 重叠运用的名词短语前常省去冠词; from house to house

neck and neck hour after hour one by one

9. 在一些习惯用语中 face to face 面对面 side by side 肩并肩 step by step 一步步 watch tv 看电视

at school/ home 在学校/家 on foot 步行 at first/ last 首先/最后 in danger 在危险之中 on duty 值班 on time 准时 in time 及时 go to school 去上学

by bus/plane/ship 乘公交车 【注意以下搭配,找找规律】 go to hospital go to the hospital in front of

in the front of in hospital in the hospital at table

at the table

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go to school go to the school a number of the number of go church go the church

in prison in the prison go to bed go to the bed in future in the future take place take the place in class in the class next year the next year

*两个形容词都有冠词,表示两个不同东西。

He raises a black and a white cat. 他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。 The black and the white cats are hers. 这只黑猫和白猫都是他的。 *如后一个形容词无冠词,则指一物。

He raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。 四、冠词的位置

1、不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。 【注意】:

1.)位于下列形容词之后: such,what,many,half, I have never seen such an animal. Many a man is fit for the job.

2.) 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后:

It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. So short a time. Too long a way.

3.) quite,rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。 quite a nice picture 2、定冠词位置

定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在all, both,double,half,twice,three times等词之后,名词之前。

All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有学生都出去了。

【全国真题】

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1. (10 温州)--Lily open _____ door, please. ----- I'm coming.

A a B an C the D/

2. (10 浙江)--- Mike , could you come and give me _____ hand? ----- Ok, Mum. I'm coming now.

A a B an C the D /

3. (10 成都)I bought _____ big fish at _____ only market near my office. A a; a B a; the C the; / 4. (10 台州)--- Look ! What's in the tree? ----- ________ bird, I think.

A. A B. An C. The D /

5. (10 重庆)More college graduates would like to work in ________ west part of our country ____ next year.

A the; the B/; / C /; the D the;/

6. He is fond of playing _____ piano while Alice is interested in listening to _____ music.

A the; / B / ; the C the ; the D / ; /

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<形容词和副词>

一、形容词的用法:

形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。也可以放在联系动词后面作表语。 1.直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。 That?s a heavy box. (定语) He?s very happy to come here. (表语)

The good news made me very happy. (宾语补足语)

2.有些形容词是表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。 afraid 害怕的, alone单独,独自, asleep睡着的, ill生病的, well,(身体)好的, unwell(身体)不舒适的, alike相象的,alive活着的, awake醒着的 等。 -----判断正误:

He is an ill man. ( ) The man is ill. ( ) She is an afraid girl.( ) The girl is afraid. ( ) 3.形容词作定语修饰名词时

一般要放在名词的前面。但是如果下列形容词就放在后面:

----- 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, somebody, nobody 等不定代词时

something nice nobody else

-----alive, alone, alike, awake, asleep等作定语时 people alive

-----形容词短语后置

a man easy to get along with

4.多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:

限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词

a small round table

a famous old English country house

5.某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。 the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry The poor are losing hope.

6. 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly友好的,lovely可爱的,lonely孤单的, lively活泼的, ugly 丑陋的,likely 很可能的,weekly 周的, silly 愚笨的,等仍

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