发布时间 : 星期四 文章高优指导(全国通用)2020高考英语一轮复习 考点规范练32 Unit 2 Robots 新人教版选修7更新完毕开始阅读
考点规范练32(选修7 Unit 2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解 A
Robots have proven very useful in different situations.But those robots are small remote-controlled tanks with a mechanical arm,and they can get hung up on narrow stairwells(楼梯井) and are stopped by ladders.“A lot of the places where you do disaster recovery are only accessible for people,”says Marc Raibert,the president of Boston Dynamics,which is providing advice and help for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency(DARPA)—the scientific research department of the U.S. military(军队)—to create the most advanced robots on earth.“If you’re a humanoid—a machine or creature with the appearance and qualities of a human—access can be increased and you can use available tools.”In the future DARPA hopes,a humanoid robot will be able to drive trucks,and enter power plants.
That future is a long way off.Simple movements like squatting(蹲) are almost impossible for something with metal parts and skin that cannot bend,says Raibert.Still,recent progress is impressive enough that the military has begun to bet on legged bots.The Office of Naval Research is working with Virginia Tech on a humanoid firefighting robot,and Dynamics showed off two of its latest projects:Cheetah,a four-legged robot capable of running 28 miles per hour,and the Legged Squad Support System,a big and awkward headless robot funded by DARPA and the Marine Corps to help carry things in places like mountain areas.
“Half the land on earth is too rough,sandy,or rocky for wheeled things,”says Raibert.“Humans and animals can go to those places.They
are the only examples of successful systems that do what we’re trying to do.”
None of the walking robots is meant to fight.They’re designed to put out fires and clean up industrial accidents.But they are all funded by the military.“I’m well aware of how the world works,”says Dennis Hong,founding director of Virginia Tech’s robotics lab.“Robots for me are tools to help society,not to fight in wars.But once a technology leaves our lab,there’s no way to control how people can use it.” 1.In Marc Railbert’s opinion,robots need to be designed like humans to .
A.accomplish complex tasks B.be controlled efficiently C.survive disasters D.appear friendly
2.Which of the following is most likely to be Cheetah?
3.The underlined word “They”in Paragraph 3 most probably refers to .
A.Cheetah and the Legged Squad Support System B.humans and animals C.wheeled things D.legged robots
4.How does Dennis Hong feel about using robots in wars?
A.Surprised. B.Cautious. C.Uninterested. D.Helpless. B
When it comes to preschool education,there are two lines of thought.One says that preschoolers need to be taught early academic skills in order to get a leg up on future school achievement.Another says the focus should be on social and emotional development.But,new research from Penn State University says a high quality preschool program should do both.
Karen Bierman,Penn State Professor of Psychology,and her team studied 350 preschoolers.Half were taught the traditional curriculum(课程).The other half were given the basic curriculum as well as social and emotional teachings.
The results show that the half students taught with a curriculum that includes social lessons,such as sharing,listening,and self-control,score higher in both the social and academic areas of school readiness that the other half students.
The other finding is that when you work on both academic and social-emotional skills,you get stronger gains in both areas.“You get the combined power when you put both together,so neither area is weakened,”she says.
Clearly,knowing how to share,develop healthy friendships,and learn side-by-side with others is important to a child’s academic achievement in the classroom.But,Bierman says the importance of social and emotional education goes beyond that.Preschool is prime time for the development of self-regulation,which not only tells a child not to hit another child,but also tells a child how to set personal goals and focus himself
enough to follow through with those goals.And the ability to regulate behavior is what helps children get motivated at school.“When they get upset,bored,or frustrated,it doesn’t defeat them,”she says.
Goal-oriented(面向目标的) and motivated learning is best taught in preschool,Bierman says,when the prefrontal part of the brain,which controls decision-making,is at the height of development.“First grade teachers can teach letter names,but preschool is when that behavior is peaking and language is just beginning to develop,”she says. 5.Karen Bierman and her team carried out the research by . A.tracking 350 preschoolers for years B.separating children into two equal groups C.working out a high quality preschool program
D.analyzing the importance of social and emotional teaching
6.The underlined words “prime time”in the text probably refer to .
A.the best time B.the only time C.the earliest time
D.the suitable time
7.According to the text,self-regulation can help children . A.be willing to study B.become emotionless C.memorize letter names D.learn language quickly
8.What’s the best title for the text? A.Preschool learning:more than ABCs and 123s B.Karen Bierman:freeing kids from boring learning C.Learning self-regulation in preschool:why it matters? D.Academic and social-emotional skills:which is more important? Ⅱ.七选五