发布时间 : 星期六 文章2018届江苏省扬州市高三英语期中检测试题更新完毕开始阅读
B. they have evolved ways of turning nutrients into energy C. they have experienced no symptoms of diabetes in humans D. they have survived from symptoms of diabetes in humans 63. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that . A. insulin disturbs the control of blood sugar B. insulin takes in glucose from the bloodstream C. insulin prevents the rise of blood sugar
D. insulin lends to progress into full-blown diabetes
64. Researchers study the metabolism in the cave fish mainly by . A. testing the efficiency of storing fat inside them B. comparing their fat amount with that in the river fish C. comparing their fatty livers with those of humans D. observing their livers storing fat with no destruction 65. It can be concluded that the features of the cave fish . A. have enabled researchers to find out new ways to treat diabetes B. have inspired researchers about new treatments for diabetes C. have brought in many new ideas about how to treat diabetes D. will be used as a treatment for diabetes in the near future
D
Ever since his applauded first novel, Kazuo Ishiguro, now 60, has managed to maintain a steady literary drive, a steady amount of creative space, and a steady success rate. The Buried Giant, Ishiguro’s seventh novel, and his first in a decade, is as risky as it is attractive. It is a sort historical fantasy novel filled with dragons and knights (骑士）丨It is a sort of the surface, but it is also deeply human, rooted in themes fundamental to the human experience: love, history, and the ability to remember it all.
JANE GAYDUK: How would you cope with the idea of memory—a huge theme in The Buried Giant —if you were to set a story like that in the age where everything is online?
KAZUO ISHIGURO: One of the questions that attract me right now—I suppose these are questions that arose in my mind as I was writing The Buried Giant, but there was no room in the book itself for exploring them—would be, where do the memory banks in a modem society exist? And I think that question has gotten really complicated now. Maybe in simpler societies such as the one I describe in The Buried Giant — I don't think those societies were
simple but perhaps they were simpler in terms of this particular question—you could point to your living memory, what the oldest people still remember about what happened, literally what is handed down.
JANE GAYDUK: Do you think this changes the nature of history? It used to be written down by a select few people who bad the power to shape stories, but now it’s almost like every individual participates in shaping history and thought.
KAZUO ISHIGURO: If you leave the official account of a nation’s history, a community’s history, to just a handful of people, I think that's a more dangerous situation. Particularly if it's a handful of people, who are usually the upper levels, who could write the history books and then have those history books taught in schools. Of course skilled, disciplined, and talented historians have always been vital to a society, and I think they’ll continue to be vital to a society, but in some ways I feel encouraged by the fact that so many ordinary people now have the ability to put down their impressions; at least there's the potential that their voices will be assessed and heard.
Just as an example, when I was researching The Remains of the Day, which is about an English butler (管家），I assumed I’d find a lot of accounts by people who had worked in service because that's what an enormous proportion of people in Britain did between the First and Second World War. And I was amazed to find almost . There were scholarly books written by academics about the history of boilers, hut actual personal accounts written by people like that were almost zero. I guess it's because people of that class didn't feel it was their place to write things down, and they probably didn't have the tools or the time, or perhaps the education even to write things down, and so considerable human experience disappeared. I think there is something encouraging about people being able to record things everywhere, but with such a massive amount of data, there need to be very complicated means of controlling it and deciding which becomes the things that determine the way we remember what we experienced. JANE GAYDUK: On the topic of finishing books, did you write past the official ending of The Buried Giant or was that your natural end? I felt the conclusion was kind of a cliffhanger.
KAZUO ISHICURO: I don't really think of the ending as a cliffhanger, but maybe it's more ambiguous than I intended. That is the ending I always wanted, though. With all my books, I'm aiming for a certain emotion to come over with the book as a whole and usually that is the emotion ending should deliver. I can’t deliver that emotion in an earned, proper way unless the rest of the book has worked, so I'm always very aware that the ending is not something I add when the story is finished. For me, the ending for all my books is the arrival point; it’s what I’ve been aiming at all along. 66. Ishiguro didn't discuss “the memory banks” in his novel because . A. he wrote the novel in the digital era B. the novel is not centered on memory
C. there is no space to talk about it in the book D. he doesn't think the society in the novel is simple
67. Why does Kazuo admire ordinary individuals’ participation in shaping history? A. Because their recorded history will be taught in schools. B. Because they can make up their own history. C. Because ordinary people are important to society. D. Because history can be viewed from various angles. 68. Which expression can be put in the gap in paragraph 4? A. something interesting C. some famous figures
B. historical details D. a complete blank
69. The underlined word “cliffhanger'' probably refers to a(n) _ ending. A. abrupt
B. normal
C. unfinished. D. loose
70. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that . A. Ishguro doesn't like the ending of The Buried Giant B. Ishguro has a clear goal before writing the ending C. Ishguro adds an emotional ending on purpose D. Ishguro doesn't care about the ending at all
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Translation is an essential tool for communication between businesses, between companies and their customers, between organizations, and between countries. The most common way to get a translation done is to go through a translation agency or a translator. But the past few years have seen the appearance of a new type of translators: machine translators. Nowadays a person can point his smartphone at a sign in downtown Japan and a machine translation app will display the text on the sign in English. So, with such advanced technology being created, the question arises, win human translators will be jobless in future?
When talking about Machine Translations we all think of Google Translate first, for one thing, it is the most famous one with more than 500 million users worldwide. It is a huge number compared to human translators: over 330,000 translators internationally which is just 0.0045% of the world population. Google Translate translates 100
billion words per day, that is, 41,666,666 words per hour, in comparison 250 words per hour are translated by professionals. On average human translation of 1 word equals to $0.11, which means that if we gave the job done by Google Translate to professionals they would have daily jobs of 10,000 words which multiplied by $0.11 is $ 1100 a day.
It seems that machine translators have taken the lead in the competition with humans. However, not everything in the garden is rose. Not every language is offered by machine translation tools: while Google's translation gives plenty of languages, what if your required language isn't on the list?
The biggest complaint regarding machine translation is that it may even basically provide a literal,
word-for-word translation. The translation, even though it may be comprehensible, will not sound natural at all, will not be well-structured and may not keep the original meaning. In a contest held by a Korean university, Google Translate went up against a group of human translators. Google's translations only scored a 28 out of 60 possible points while the humans scored much better, with a high score of 49 out of 60.
Unlike a machine, when doing translation, a human translator must take into account the style of the source text: context, humor, irony, and idiomatic expressions. Missing the spirit and aesthetic(美学的）character of the source text is less excusable than a few errors in translation of words. Content that is targeted to a specific audience requires a more comprehensive understanding of the messaging. Unlike machines, humans understand when to be literal and when to paraphrase(意译）for their audience.
Machine translating technology is getting better day by day, but it has a long way to go before being perfect. It is likely that in the future human translators will work alongside machine translators and use the software produced translation as an aid or a guide, in order to produce their own translations. But only if we provide improvement.
Will Machine Translation(71) Human Translation? Only a small number of people can have (73) to human translators. Human are slower than machines in completing (72) of human translation Translation. Human translation is (74) compared with machine translation. Challenges facing machine translation The languages that machine translators can translate are (75) .