发布时间 : 星期六 文章2019高考英语（二月）阅读理解精选(1)及解析更新完毕开始阅读
2019高考英语（二月）阅读理解精选（1）及解析
维A1阅读理解(每题2分，总分值8分) 选材相似度：★★★★ 设题相似度：★★★ 难度系数：★★★★
ThemodernBritishEmpirefirsttookshapeintheearly17thcentury，withtheBritishsettlementoftheeasterncoloniesofNorthAmerica，whichwouldlaterbecometheoriginalUnitedStates，aswellasCanada'sMaritimeprovinces，andthecolonizationsofthesmallerislandsoftheCaribbeansuchasTrinidadandTobago，theBahamas，Barbados，andJamaica.
Thesesugarplantationislands，whereslaverybecamethebasisoftheeconomy，wereatfirstBritain'smostimportantandsuccessfulcolonies.TheAmericancoloniesprovidingtobacco，cotton，andriceinthesouthandnavalmaterialandfursinthenorthwerelessfinanciallysuccessful，buthadlargeareasofgoodagriculturallandandattractedfarlargernumbersofBritishimmigrants.
Britain'sAmericanempirewasslowlyexpandedbywarandcolonization.TheevergrowingAmericancoloniespressedwestwardinsearchofnewagriculturallands.ConflictarosewiththeDutchovertradeandempire;FirstAnglo-DutchWar(1652～1654);SecondAnglo-DutchWar(1665～1667);ThirdAnglo-DutchWar(1672～1674);BritaingainedcontrolofNewAmsterdam，whichwasrenamedNewYork，butcededSuriname.TheydefeatedtheFrench，firstexpandingtheirholdoverthemaritimeprovinces.ThenduringtheSevenYearsWartheBritishdefeatedtheFrenchatthePlainsofAbrahamandcapturedallofNewFrancein1760.ThisgaveBritaincontroloveralmostallofNorthAmerica.FourthAnglo-DutchWar(1780～1784);Anglo-DutchTreatyof1814；Anglo-DutchTreatyof1824.
InthelateeighteenthandearlynineteenthcenturyaseriesoftechnologicaladvancesledtotheIndustrialRevolution.Britain'spositionastheworld'spre-eminenttraderhelpedfundresearchandexperimentation.Thenationwasalsogiftedbysomeoftheworld'sgreatestreservesofcoal，themainfuelofthenewrevolution.
Notes：
①navaladj.海的②cedevt.放弃③treatyn、条约 ④pre-eminentadj.卓越的；优秀的
长短句分析：TheAmericancoloniesprovidingtobacco，cotton，andriceinthesouthandnavalmaterialandfursinthenorthwerelessfinanciallysuccessful，buthadlargeareasofgoodagriculturallandandattractedfarlargernumbersofB
ritishimmigrants.
句法点睛：本句中，“providingtobacco，cotton，andriceinthesouthandnavalmaterialandfursinthenorth”为定语，修饰colonies；but连接两个谓语。
句意：美洲的殖民地，南方提供了烟草、棉花、水稻，北方提供了海产品和皮毛，这从经济上不是很成功，但是肥沃的农业用地吸引了大量的英国移民。
【语篇解读】现代大不列颠帝国的雏形开始于17世纪，当时英国占领了现在美国、加拿大临海的一些省份以及北美一些岛屿国家的地方。英国进行了残酷的殖民统治，从当地人手中夺取了大量的土地。南方为英国人提供烟草、棉花和水稻，而北方那么提供大量的优质农业用地。经过多年的战争，英国人从法国人手中夺取了土地，并与当地人签署协议，成为合法的土地使用者。这里的煤炭为18世纪晚期和19世纪早期的工业革命提供了能源保证。
1、WheredidtheBritishfirstsettlewhentheyfirstcametoAmericainthe17thcentury?
A、OnlytheUnitedStates.
B、NotonlytheUnitedStatesbutalsopartsofothercountries. C、ThewholeofCanada. D、Smallislands.
答案B[细节理解题。由“theoriginalUnitedStates，aswellasCanada'sMaritimeprovinces，andthecolonizationsofthesmallerislandsoftheCaribbeansuchasTrinidadandTobago，theBahamas，Barbados，andJamaica”可知，当时英国占领的不仅仅是美国，还占领了加拿大的临海省份，以及一些岛屿国家。]
2、AccordingtothepassagewhatinAmericamadetheBritishinterestedmost? A、Tobacco，cotton，andrice. B、Navalmaterialandfurs. C、Agreatdealofgoodfarmland. D、Forests. 答案C[联系第二段中的“navalmaterialandfursinthenorthwerelessfinanciallysuccessful，buthadlargeareasofgoodagriculturallandandattractedfarlargernumbersofBritishimmigrants”可知，英国移民看上的不是海产品和皮毛，而是大量的肥沃土地。]
3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pressed”meaninthethirdparagraph? A、Touched.B、Pushed.C、Published.D、Extended.
答案D[词义猜测题。联系“westwardinsearchofnewagriculturallands”可知，这些殖民者向西扩张以寻求更多的土地，因此D项最合适。]
4、HowmanyyearswasitfromthefirstwarwithAnglototheendofthelastwarinhistory?
A、132years.B、162years.C、172years.D、108years. 答案A[推理判断题。第一次战争开始于1652年，而最后一次战争结束于1784年，因此得出答案A。]
****************************************************结束 维A2阅读理解(每题2分，总分值8分) 选材相似度：★★★★ 设题相似度：★★★ 难度系数：★★★★
Culturehelpshumansocietiessurviveinchangingnaturalenvironments.Forexample，theendofthelastIceAge，beginningabout15,000yearsago，broughtanenormouschallengetowhichhumanshadtoadapt.Beforethistime，largepartsofthenorthernhemispherewerecoveredingreatsheetsoficethatcontainedmuchoftheearth'swater.InNorthAmerica，largeanimalsthatroamedthevasttundraprovidedpeoplewithfoodandmaterialsforclothingandsimpleshelters.Whentheearthbecamewarm，largeIceAgeanimalsdisappeared，andmanylandareasweresubmergedbyrisingsealevelsfrommeltingice.Butpeoplesurvived.Theydevelopednewtechnologiesandlearnedhowtosurviveonnewplantandanimalspecies.Finallysomepeoplesettledintopermanentvillages，durablehousesandfarms.
Culturaladaptationhasmadehumansoneofthemostsuccessfulspeciesontheplanet.Throughhistory，majordevelopmentsintechnology，medicine，andnutritionhaveallowedpeopletoreproduceandsurviveinever-increasingnumbers.Theglobalpopulationhasrisenfrom8millionduringtheIceAgetoabout6billiontoday.
However，thesuccessesofculturecanalsocreateproblemsinthelongrun.Overthelast200years，peoplehavebeguntouselargequantitiesofnaturalresourcesandenergyandtoproduceagreatamountofmaterialandchemicalwastes.Theglobalpopulationnowconsumessomecrucialnaturalresources—suchaspetroleum，wood，andmineralores—fasterthannaturecanproducethem.Manyscientistsbelievethatintheprocessofburningfuelsandproducingwastes，peoplemaybechangingtheglobalclimateinunpredictableandpossiblyharmfulways.Thus，theadaptivesuccessofthepresent-dayglobalcultureofproductionandcommercemaybetemporary.
Notes：
①tundran、冰原；苔原②submergevt.淹没 ③crucialadj.关键的④oren、矿 长短句分析：Manyscientistsbelievethatintheprocessofburningfuelsandproducingwastes，
peoplemaybechangingtheglobalclimateinunpredictableandpossiblyharmfulways.
句法点睛：这是个主从复合句。Manyscientistsbelieve为主句部分，intheprocessofburningfuelsandproducingwastes为宾语从句的时间状语，
peoplemaybechangingtheglobalclimateinunpredictableandpossiblyharmfulways为宾语从句的主干部分。
句意：很多科学家认为，在燃料燃烧和产生垃圾的过程中，人们可能正以无法预测的，甚至是有害的方式改变着全球的气候。
【语篇解读】本文为议论文。文章论述了人类在适应自然环境得到了飞速发展的同时，也带来了系列问题：人类的过度发展破环了自然，以至给人类自己带来了灾难。
1、Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout? A、HowthehumanbeingsurvivedintheIceAge. B、WhatthesituationwasduringtheIceAge. C、WhatcausedtheIceAgetocometoanend. D、WhytheIceAgewasveryimportant.
答案A[主旨大意题。虽然冰川融化，人类食物链遭到破坏，但由于人类具有认识和使用新技术的能力而得以存活，并发展状大。]
2、Thepassagedoesn'ttellthereaders________. A、whatcausedtheearthtobecomewarm B、whentheendingoftheIceAgebegan C、thepopulationoftheIceAge
D、theproblemofculturaladaptation
答案A[细节理解题。短文没有论及地球变暖的原因。] 3、Whichistheproblemofculturaladaption? A、Averydevelopedculturecameintobeing. B、Toomuchspecieshavebeenendangered. C、Theworldhasbecometoocrowded.
D、Humanactivitieshavemadedamagetothebalanceofnature.
答案D[细节理解题。人类过量使用自然资源而破坏了生态平衡。] 4、Infaceofthegreaterchallenge，humanbeingsshould________. A、stopdevelopinganylonger
B、reduceusingtoomuchnaturalresources
C、findawayouttostopthewarmingupoftheglobe D、savemoreanimalsincasetheyalldieout
答案B[细节理解题。人类过量使用自然资源已经导致了环境的恶化，理智的办法就是减少使用自然资源。]
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