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Passage 4
Before the widespread use of computers, managers could not make full use of large amounts of valuable information about a company’s activities. The information either reached managers too late or was too expensive to be used. Today, managers are facing a wide range of data processing and information instruments. In place of a few financial controls, managers can draw on computer-based information systems to control activities in every area of their company. On any kinds of performance measures, the information provided by these systems helps managers compare standards with actual results, find out problems, and take corrective action before it is too late to make changes.
The introduction of computerized information systems has sharply changed management control in many companies. Even a neighborhood shopkeeper may now use computers to control sales, billing, and other activities. In large companies, electronic data processing systems monitor（监视）entire projects and sets of operations.
Now, there are about 24 million microcomputers in use in the United States — one for every 10 citizens. In order for managers to be sure that the computer-based information they are receiving is accurate, they need to understand how computers work. However, in most cases they do not need to learn how to program computers. Rather, managers should understand how computerized information systems work; how they are developed; their limitations and costs; and the manner in which information systems may be used. Such an understanding is not difficult to achieve.
One research found that business firms were more successful in teaching basic information about computers to business graduates than they were in teaching basic business subjects to computer science graduates. 46. Why could not managers make full use of the information collected? A. Because they found the old-type computers were too ineffective. B. Because the information reached them just in time.
C. Because they failed to realize that information was valuable for a company. D. Because it took time and money for them to get the up-to-date information.
47. According to the passage, computer-based information helps managers __________. A. control activities of their company
B. find out problems in their company’s information systems C. compare standards with expected results D. make business routines
48. In Paragraph 2, the sentence “Even neighborhood shopkeeper may now use…” is __________. A. an instruction B. a conclusion C. an intention D. an example 49. According to the passage, now _________.
A. there is one microcomputer for every 10 American citizens B. there are about 24 million people using microcomputers C. 10 American citizens are using one microcomputer
D. 24 million microcomputers are in use for each of 10 American citizens 50. A good title for the passage could be _________. A. The Development of Computers B. Managers Today C. Information Systems
D. Computers in Management III. Cloze (20×1=20 points)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Youshould choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Choosing your life partner is a decision that requires very careful thought. Getting married is something you do not want to take __26__. Divorce __27__ around world are increasing every year. And in some countries they are now as high as 50 __28__ ! If you don’t want to __29__ divorced and heart-broken, take my advice to help you choose your perfect partner. First of all, you and your partner should be __30__. You need to know that you __31__ a common purpose in life. You and your partner should have similar goals and ambitions that you can work toward achieving through your married life. It will be difficult to __32__ your marriage together if your partner wants to stay at home and raise a large family, but you want to travel 3. To be financially well ______, you need to work hard and spare no efforts to develop your career when young. A. away B. off C. up D. out
4. The soldiers showed great joy and satisfaction after winning the final triumph ______ their enemies. A. over B. out C. from D. of
5. It was on this day that he met _____ an accident that was to shape the rest of his life. A. with B. to C. at D. in
6. During these ten years, many new methods have been_______ in the field of foreign language teaching. A. adopted B. adapted C. alarmed D. aided 7. The dog _______ the rabbit but could not catch it. A. ceased B. chained C. checked D. chased 8. The large wings of that bird _________________ it to fly very high and fast.
A. make B. enable C. force D. realize
9. Twenty years ago it was common to see people _________________ from hunger on the streets in that poor nation, but clearly the situation has improved greatly since then.
A. calling B. preventing C. resulting D. collapsing 10. It is said that ________ to the plan so far have been positive. A. reactions B. views C. ideas D. opinions 11. Have you ever noticed that Jack always ________ a picture of quiet self-worth? A. impresses B. focuses C. projects D. communicates 12. He was a good worker who was ________ to his family as well as to his work. A. consistent B. committed C. content D. engaged
13. Being with his family for a few days I gained one or two insights ________ the reason he behaves the way he does. A. into B. of C. on D. off
14. Children should be encouraged to reach a ______ between what they want and what others want. A. promise B. compromise C. compose D. consist
15. She called her parents just to tell them that she had become ______ to life at the university. A. accumulated B. accustomed C. absorbed D. changed 16. They will fight to the end; they will never ______. A. survive B. surrender C. render D. succeed
17. Our company decided to ______ the contractbecause a number of the conditions in it had notbeen met. A. cancel B. resist C. assume D. destroy 18. He was ______ of having asked such a sillyquestion.
A. sorry B. guilty C. ashamed D. miserable 19. I would be _____ if you would mail this package for me. A. careful B. grateful C. thoughful D. respectful 20. Much of the news provided by this newspaper is_______, not foreign. A. domestic B. strain C. purchase D. murder
21. At the dinner party last night Christine felt greatly _____ because her mother kept talking too proudly of her
accomplishments at school. A. humiliated B. disappointed C. ashamed D. embarrassed
22. Our trip to Beijing _____ with the visit of my cousin Lucy’s family. So we had a great reunion at the foot of the Great Wall. A. cooperated B. coincided C. consisted D. confronted
23. Before he started work, I asked the builder to give me an _____ of the cost of repairing the roof. A. assessment B. announcement C. estimate D. evaluation 24. The new tourist hotel will have _____ for more than one thousand people. A. convenience B. capacity C. capability D. accommodations 25. He is a (n) _______ young architect who has won international fame.
A. nasty B. exceptional C. incompetent D. hopeless
26. After several days of investigation, the police declared the young man _______ and released him. A. confident B. innocent C. guilty D. bankrupt
27. He has had an extraordinary _______ for Shakespeare since his childhood. A.emotion B. motion C. passion D. imagination 28. His business was very successful, but it was at the ________ of his family life. A. exhaustion B. credit C. consumption D. expense 29. Television differs from radio_______ it sends and receives pictures. A.in that B. except that C. so that D. since that 30. Not only is the scheme impracticable; it is wrong _______. A. in vain B. in principle C. in detail D. in advance
Ⅱ. Reading comprehension Section A
Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please write down the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
A) promise B) commitment C) religions D) indication E) purpose F) intention G) innocent H) performed I) accomplished J) associated K) reflected L) considered M) announcing N) revealing O) dating A wedding is celebrated with some kind of ceremony almost everywhere in the world. The ceremony varies greatly among
different nations and different 1 . But whatever the form of a marriage ceremony, it serves the important purpose of 2 to the community that a man and a woman have been joined in marriage.
The wedding ceremony in the west may be a religious one 3 by a clergymen or a civil ceremony performed by a civil official, such as a mayor or a judge, or only a couple’s declaration before witnesses of their 4 to marry. Some young people nowadays choose their won marriage ceremony.
Many of the customs 5 with wedding ceremonies developed from wedding customs of earliest times and come from many lands. The wearing of a bridal veil may have come from a superstition 6 back to early Greed and Roman times. The veil is also believed to have been worn as an 7 of the bride’s 8 and purity.
The wedding ring is the most widely used symbol of marriage today, as it has been for centuries. The word “wedding” comes from the old English word wed, which means “promise”.
During Anglo-Saxon times a 9 to marry was made certain when the bridegroom-to-be gave his sweetheart a ring. The ring, a circle with no beginning or end, was 10 a symbol of eternity. The fourth finger of the left hand was chosen as the ring finger because of mistakes beliefs that vein or nerve runs from that finger to the heart. Section B
Directions:In this section, there are three passages. Each passage is followed with five suggested questions. Choose the one that you think is the best. Passage 1
Minh Pham was born in Vietnam. He left when he was 21 years old. Minh has been in America for almost two years. There is still much he does not understand about America.
Once, Minh was in a supermarket. He saw an old man and an old woman. They wanted a box of cereal. The box was on a high shelf. The man and woman couldn’t reach it. Minh saw a stepladder. He got on the ladder and got the box. He handed it to the elderly couple. They thanked him.
“Where are your children? ”asked Minh. “Why don’t they help you buy food? ”
“Our children have their own lives,”said the man and woman. “We like to be independent. ”Minh doesn’t think this is right. In his country, children help their parents. Minh gave the elderly couple his phone number. He told them to call him if they needed help. One night they asked Minh to dinner, but they never asked him help.
One day, Minh was walking with a Vietnamese friend. The two men were going to a movie. Minh wanted to go to a restaurant first. Minh took his friend’s hand. He pulled him toward the restaurant. People on the street stared at Minh. In Vietnam, friends often hold hands. Minh found out that people in America are not used to men holding hands.