发布时间 : 星期五 文章上海市金山区2017学年度第一学期质量检测试卷 高三英语更新完毕开始阅读
62. Which of the following can be learned from the passage? A. All attendees will check in and have a welcome dinner on the first day. B. All attendees must check out on the last day. C. The price covers all the expenses including accommodation. D. You can have a 5-day experience working with marine life in the camp.
(C)
Scientists have invented a way to determine roughly where a person has lived using a strand of hair, a technique that could help track the movements of criminal suspects or unidentified murder victims.
The method relies on measuring how chemical variations in drinking water show up in people’s hair.
“You’re what you eat and drink, and that’s recorded in your hair,” said Thure Cerling, a geologist at the University of Utah.
While the U.S. diet is relatively identical, water supplies vary. The differences result from weather patterns. The chemical composition of rainfall changes slightly as rain clouds move.
Most hydrogen and oxygen atoms in water are stable, but traces of both elements are also present as heavier isotopes (同位素). The heaviest rain falls first. As a result, storms that form over the Pacific deliver heavier water to California than to Utah.
Similar patterns exist throughout the U.S.. By measuring the proportion of heavier hydrogen and oxygen isotopes along a strand of hair, scientists can construct a geographic timeline. Each inch of hair is equivalent to about two months.
Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences. They checked the accuracy of the map by testing 200 hair samples collected from 65 barber shops.
They were able to accurately place the hair samples in broad regions roughly equivalent to the movement of rain systems.
“It’s not good for pinpointing（精确定位）, ” Cerling said. “It’s good for eliminating many possibilities.”
Told Park, a local detective, said the method has helped him learn more about an unidentified woman whose skeleton was found near Great Salt Lake.
The woman was 5 feet tall. Police recovered 26 bones, a T-shirt and several strands of hair. When Park heard about the research, he gave the hair samples to the researchers. Chemical testing showed that over the two years before her death, she moved about every two months.
She stayed in the Northwest, although the test could not be more specific than somewhere between eastern Oregon and western Wyoming.
“It’s still a substantial area,” Park said, “But it narrows its way down for me.”
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63. What is the scientists’ new discovery?
A. One’s hair growth has to do with the amount of water they drink. B. Hair analysis accurately identifies criminal suspects. C. A person’s hair may reveal where they have lived.
D. The chemical composition of hair varies from person to person.
64. What does the author mean by “You’re what you eat and drink.” in Para.3? A. Food and drink leave traces in one’s body tissues. B. Food and drink preferences vary with individuals.
C. Food and drink affect one’s personality development. D. Food and drink are similar to one’s existence. 65. What is said about the rainfall in American’s West?
A. There is much more rainfall in California than in Utah. B. The water it delivers becomes lighter when it moves inland. C. Its chemical composition is less stable than in other areas. D. It gathers more light isotopes as it moves eastward. 66. What is the practical value of Cerling’s research?
A. It helps analyze the quality of water in different regions. B. It helps the police determine where a crime is committed.
C. It helps identify the drinking habits of the person under investigation. D. It helps the police narrow down possibilities in detective work.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. A. Men and women dream about different things. B. A person’s dreams and the meaning of those dreams are between the person and God alone. C. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime. D. However, one thing they agree on this: If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic. E. Dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life. F. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. What Is a Dream? For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.
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Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.
The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that (67) ___________
The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. (68) ___________ For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.
Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. (69) ___________
Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.
He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.
Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. (70) ___________ The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage with no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues (自言自语) as: “Get up, John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening.
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Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract（对抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam (鼓起干劲) and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 她经常在周末带她儿子去音乐会，让他受到艺术的熏陶。（expose）
_________________________________________________________________________ 73. 我做梦也想不到会在这次化学竞赛中获一等奖。（Little）
_________________________________________________________________________ 74. 对于越来越多的城市居民而言，有车意味着得拼命去找一个停车位。(mean)
_________________________________________________________________________ 75. 有些动物灭绝的原因是它们无法适应新的环境，因此我们必须注意保持生态平衡。
（adapt）
______________________________________________________________________
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
在中学阶段，英语课外读物有许多材料。比如：英文报刊，杂志，小说原著，系列读物和习题等。请写一篇关于中学英语课外阅读的文章，内容必须包括：
1. 介绍你喜欢的英语阅读材料；
2. 简单阐述你在英语课外阅读中的收获和感受。
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