发布时间 : 星期四 文章译林牛津英语高三一轮复习学案更新完毕开始阅读
译林牛津英语高三一轮复习学案
Module3 Unit1 Grammar 名词性从句 【预习导学】（10分钟）
一、名词性从句在高考中的考查重点：
1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别； 2. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况； 3.whether和if的用法区别；
4.what在名词性从句中的使用，即它在句中的双重功能（这是重中之重）：既要引导名词性从句，又要在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等； 7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用；
8.who / whoever, what / whatever, which/whichever等引导名词性从句时用法区别 解题的方法：
辨别是不是名词性从句，然后分析从句中的成分，根据句意选择恰当的关联词。 二、知识点罗列
在复合句中起到名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的词有： 连词that，whether，if；连接代词和连接副词what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why，how等。
名词性从句可以表示两方面：一个事实，一个问题。问题又分两方面即一般问句和特殊问句，请看下图：
一、主语从句就是做主语的从句。它由 that 和其他疑问词引导。 1．That they are rich is true, isn't it? (that 不能省略) 2．Where he got it is unknown to us.
3．They lost their way in the woods, and what made matters worse was that night began to fall. 4．Whoever said that was wrong. 5．______ ______ _______ ______ _______ ______ ______ (地球围绕太阳转) is a truth. 6．_______ _______ _______ (任何努力学习的人) will pass the exam.
7．______ ____ _____ ______(我所告诉你的) just now was what had been written in the letter. 8．_______ ______ _________ _____ _______ _____ _____ ____( 我是接受礼物还是拒绝它)is none of your business. 有时用 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句移到后面。其句型有： a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary/important that… 有必要/重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that…人们相信…… It is known to all that…从所周知…… It has been decided that…已决定…… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that………是常识
It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事实是…… d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that…似乎…… It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起…… 9. 他没有想到Jack能够把这道题目做出来。
1
It didn’t occur to him ____________________.. 10. 真奇怪你这样说。
It is strange _________________________________________. 11. 我们打电话时她刚巧不在。
It happens ___________________________________. 12. 他好象很害怕。
It seemed _________________________________________. 13. 英语正被接受为国际的语言，这是事实。 It is a fact ______________________________. 14. 他不能按时完成工作有关系吗？
Does it matter _________________________________ . 二、表语从句是放在系动词后的名词性从句。
15. That is how he did it. He looks as if he were tired. 16. The problem remains that we can't get so many recorders. 17. China is no longer what it used to be.
18. Shenzhen is not ________it was 10 years ago.
The point is ____ we will have our sports meet next week. (A. that B. what C. whether) 19. He got his highest marks in the exam. It was all _____ he had worked hard. (A. why B. because)
20. Go and get your coat. It is ___ you left it. (A. there B. there where C. where) 21. The reason _______________(他为何失败) is ________ he was too careless. 22.______________ (问题是) that we haven't collected enough money for the concert. 23. Cigarettes contain nicotine. That is __________________________(抽烟者所需要的). 24.My question is ________________________(你是否已决定了) (可用if吗)
25. This is _________________________________________(Mr. Smith 曾经工作过的地方) 三、宾语从句作动词或介词的宾语。
26．Do you know _____ ____ ______ (何时何地) the first car factory ____ ______ (工厂建立)? 27．____ ____ ____ ____ (你认为谁) is the best one in your class? 28．He always _______ ________(考虑) ________he can _______ ______ ________( 他怎样才
能提高他的英语水平).
29．You can write about ____________(无论什么) topic you like.
30．He made ___quite clear _______ he wouldn't change his mind. 31．You may choose _______ _______ _______ _______(从剩下的东西中). 32．I don't doubt ________ my friend John will come to China soon. 33．I doubt __________ he will come or not.
34．I don't think _____ true that he came to the concert yesterday. 35．I think he is a dishonest man, _________(反义疑问句)?
注：(1) 主句的谓语是 make, find , see, hear 等，而且带有复合宾语时，可把宾语从句放在
宾补之后，用 it 作形式宾语。
(2) 某些 adj. 如 sure, happy, glad, certain 等，以及一些非谓语动词之后可带宾从。 (3) 主句的谓语动词如果是现在时或将来时,宾语从句的谓语动词可以不受限制.主句的谓语动词如果是过去时,则宾语从句的谓语动词通常必须 用过去的各种时态,这叫时态的一致性. 但有两种情况不受时态一致性的约束,即宾语从句中有具体的时间或讲述的内容是真理、客观事实。 36. She told her pupils that the earth is round. (不用was) 四、同位语从句跟在名词的后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容。可带同位语从句的名词是一些可加进具体内容的表示信息，思想等概念的名词，如 fact, news, idea, promise, truth, story等。 注：同位语从句与前面的名词是等同关系。连接词有 that 和其它疑问词，that 在句中不做成分，不能省略。 Translate the underlined section into Chinese: 37. The news that our team has won encourages us. 38. I made a promise that if anyone set me free, I would make him very rich. 39. They are trying to reduce the patient's fear that he would die of the disease.
2
40. Word came that our volleyball team beat the Japanese team. 41. Do you have any hope that they will come? 42. I have no idea how disabled people earn their living. 五、名词性从句中的几个重要问题：
1．连接词可分为三类： 连接词： that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which 连接副词：when, where, how, why 2. 不可省略连词的情况： 1) 介词后的连词 2) 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。 3 比较：whether与if 均为\是否\的意思。 在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代： 1) whether引导主语从句并在句首。在主语从句中，只有用it作形式主语时，whether和if都能引导主语从句，否则，也只能用whether；2) 引导表语从句 ；3) 引导同位语从句；4) 引导介词宾语从句 ；5）引导让步状语从句；6) 后面紧接 “or not” 或动词不定式.
4. 比较名词性that-从句与名词性what-从句 1）名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。
主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck.
宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently.
同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office. 形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
2）名词性wh-从句。wh-词包括who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外，还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等。wh-词 在从句中担当成分 主语：How the book will sell depends on its author. （ how 在从句中作 ______ 语） 直接宾语：In one’s own home one can do what one likes. （what 在从句中作 ______ 语） 间接宾语：The club will give whoever wins a prize. （whoever 在从句中作 ______ 语） 表语：My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.
宾语补足语：She will name him whatever she wants to.（whatever 在从句中作 _____ 语） 同位语：I have no idea when he will return.
形容词宾语：I’m not sure why she refused their invitation. （why 在从句中作 ______ 语） 介词宾语：That depends on where we shall go.
6．名词性从句中的否定的转移： 1）将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don't think I know you. I don' t believe he will come. 注意：若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
I hope you weren't ill.
2）将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。 It doesn't seem that they know where to go.
It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.
【反思】________________________________________________________
3
【答案】
5. That the earth travels around the sun; 6. Whoever works hard; 7. What I told you;8.Whether I should accept the gift or not; 9. that Jack could work out the problem 10. that you (should) say so; 11. that she was out when we called.; 12 that he was frightened; 13. that English is being accepted as an international language; 14. if he can't finish the job on time?
18.what A 19. B 20.C 21. why he failed; that; 22. The problem is ; 23. what the smokers need; 24. whether you’ve made up your mind; 25. where Mr. Smith once worked;
26. when and where; was established; 27. Who do you think; 28. thinks of how; improve his English; 29. whatever; 30. it; that; 31. from what’s left behind;32. that; 33. if/whether; 34. it; 35. isn’t he? ;
37.我们队已赢得比赛这条消息；38. 如果谁能释放我，我将让他十分富有；39. 他将死于疾病的恐惧；40我们排球对打败了日本队；41. 他们（将）会来；42. 残疾人是如何谋生（或维持生计）的。1-5 【 No.6 26-30DACDB CADAD Grammar (2)】
【高考连接】【DBCDB 31-35ADDBB 6-10DDBCB 11-15CCADB 16-20CDACB BCCAC 36-42ACACA AA
DDCB】
4
21-25DADAB