发布时间 : 星期四 文章上海市浦东新区2019届高三二模英语试题 含解析更新完毕开始阅读
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Meal kits(餐具)cut food waste but packaging is a problem
Home delivery meal kits can slash(大幅消减)food waste by more than two-thirds, but suppliers need to switch to reusable packaging to make them environmentally friendly.
___67___ That means leftovers are minimized. But while the delivery services score well on reducing food waste, buying the same ingredients from the supermarket almost always saves energy overall simply because meal kits use so much single-use packaging. The good news is that if you have meals that are tailored for consumption, people won’t over-buy and you have less food waste. You fine-tune the portions to what people will actually eat.
Beyond the cost of the waste itself, thrown-away food generates methane(甲烷)that contributes to climate change. ___68___ A 2018 report from the Boston Consulting Group found that the waste was set to soar by a third by 2030 when global food waste was estimated to reach 2.1 bn tonnes.
Meal kits can reduce transport emissions if they mean people take fewer trips to the supermarket. If people only went to buy goods that are unlikely to decay such as soap and toilet paper, they might only have to visit the supermarket once every couple of months. That delivery truck can carry meals for you and dozens of neighbors. ___69___
The study found that even if delivered meal kits reduced food waste to zero, they would still use up more energy overall than buying the same food from the supermarket unless the energy used for the meal kit packaging was cut by a fifth. ___70___ All the environmental benefits are lost. But if the packaging can be reused, you can get some benefits.
A. However, meal kits are likely heading for the mainstream. B. If it’s single-use and thrown away, the packaging is a killer.
C. In that case, you might replace dozens of car trips with one truck trip.
D. Meal knits arrive on your doorstep by truck filled with every ingredient you need. E. Tailor-made meal kits save waste by providing precise quantities of fresh ingredients. F. If food waste was a country, it would rank third in emissions behind the US and China. 【答案】67. E 68. F 69. C 70. B
【解析】
本文是是一篇说明文。套餐可以减少食物浪费，但包装是个问题。家庭送餐包可以减少超过三分之二的食物浪费，但供应商需要改用可重复使用的包装，使其更加环保。 【67题详解】
此句位于句子开头，结合下文提示“这意味着剩菜要尽量减少。”承接下文，E项Tailor-made meal kits save waste by providing precise quantities of fresh ingredients.（特制的餐盒提供精确数量的新鲜食材，节省浪费。）切题。下文中的that指该项的内容。故选E。 【68题详解】
下文提示“波士顿咨询集团(Boston Consulting Group) 2018年的一份报告发现，到2030年，全球食品浪费预计将达到21亿吨，预计垃圾将飙升三分之一。”承接下文，F项If food waste was a country, it would rank third in emissions behind the US and China.（如果食品浪费是一个国家，它的排放量将排在美国和中国之后，位列第三。）切题。故选F。 【69题详解】
上文提示“那辆送货卡车可以为你和几十个邻居送饭。”承接上文，C项In that case, you might replace dozens of car trips with one truck trip.（在这种情况下，你可以用一次卡车旅行来代替几十次汽车旅行。）切题。故选C。
【70题详解】
下文提示“所有的环境效益都丧失了。但是如果包装可以重复使用，您可以获得一些好处。”承接下文，B项If it’s single-use and thrown away, the packaging is a killer.（如果一次性使用并被丢弃，包装就是一个杀手。）切题。故选B。
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Loneliness Peaks
For years America has been talking about obesity, but a new study points to a more serious health issue: isolation and loneliness.
Being connected to others socially is widely considered a fundamental human need --- crucial to both well-being and survival. Extreme examples show infants who lack human contact in care fail to grow and often die. Indeed, social isolation has been used as a form of punishment. According to Julianne Holt-Lunstad, the lead author of the study, an increasing portion of the U.S. population now population now experiences
isolation regularly. Over 42 million adults above age 45 in the U.S. are estimated to be suffering from chronic(长期的)loneliness.
The study of 340 adults between the ages of 27 and 101 living in San Diego identified three key age ranges when people felt the loneliest. Participants who had the highest levels of loneliness were in their late-20s, mid-50s and late-80s. While it may come as a surprise that people in their late-20s suffered from loneliness, a larger survey shows they actually may suffer the hardest.
With an increasing number of people working from home, watching television, getting into an addiction to electronic devices, it has become too easy to be alone, even if that’s not a person’s intention. Modern day conveniences like having anything we want delivered make it possible to never need to leave the house. So, not surprisingly, those with frequent social contact usually feel less lonely than those with few social ties.
Mounting evidence suggests social isolation and loneliness significantly impact our health, and even shorten our lives, just like obesity. This study isn’t the first time loneliness has been flagged as an emerging health issue. Therefore, reducing both isolation and loneliness is important for quality of life and well-being.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Socializing with people is believed to be the key to happiness, but more people are suffering from loneliness/isolation. According to a study, loneliness peaks in three age stages. Lack of social contact caused by modern lifestyles/convenience makes people feel lonely. As loneliness affects health seriously, it’s necessary to try to reduce it. 【解析】 【分析】
本文是一篇概要写作。
【详解】本文是一篇说明文。多年来，美国一直在谈论肥胖问题，但一项新的研究指出了一个更严重的健康问题:孤立和寂寞。孤独程度最高的参与者年龄在20多岁、50多岁和80多岁。虽然让人惊讶的是，20多岁的人会感到孤独，但一项更大的调查显示，他们实际上可能是最孤独的。毫不奇怪，那些经常社交的人通常比那些很少社交的人感到不那么孤独。因此，减少孤立和孤独对生活质量和幸福都很重要。
Ⅴ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 远足是我们接触大自然的最简单方式之一。 (expose) ____________________
73. 新上映的电影改编自一部极具人气的小说，非常卖座。(which) ____________________
74. 和孩子们共读一本书，不仅能培养他们良好的阅读习惯，还能引领他们探索未知世界的奥妙。(not only) ____________________
75. 在很多国家，各种形态优美的家犬已成为最受喜爱的家庭动物，他们与人们朝夕相处，得到了悉心呵护。(care) ____________________
【答案】72. Hiking is one of the simplest ways for us to be exposed to nature. 73. The newly released film, which is adapted from a very popular novel, sells well.
74. Reading books with kids can not only develop their good reading habits. but also guide them to explore the mystery of the unknown world.
75. In many countries, various beautiful/cute domestic/tamed dogs have become favorite/the most beloved pets. and they live/stay together with people/humans day and time/from morning to night. receiving /getting/obtaining good care. 【解析】 【72题详解】
固定词组：be exposed to暴露。结合所给汉语可知答案为Hiking is one of the simplest ways for us to be exposed to nature. 【73题详解】
句中使用which引导的非限制性定语从句，且主句用一般现在时态，主动表示被动。结合所给汉语可知答案为The newly released film, which is adapted from a very popular novel, sells well. 【74题详解】
此句动名词做主语，且not only---but also连接并列谓语，结合所给汉语可知答案为Reading books with kids can not only develop their good reading habits. but also guide them to explore the mystery of the unknown world. 【75题详解】
此处care“关心”，是名词，前半句用现在完成时态，结合所给汉语可知答案为In many countries, various beautiful/cute domestic/tamed dogs have become favorite/the most beloved pets. and they live/stay together