发布时间 : 星期一 文章[英语]湖北省天门市、仙桃市、潜江市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末考试试题更新完毕开始阅读
B
Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were two young men from Germany who loved a good story.As university students,they became interested in folktales—traditional stories that people memorized and told again and again. They began to collect traditional folktales from storytellers all over Germany. Many were similar to stories told in France, Italy, Japan, and other countries.Between 1812 and 1814,the brothers published two books in German.These included stories like \and Gretel\
Despite the fact that Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm are often associated with Snow White and Rapunzel, the brothers didn’t actually write any of those stories. In fact, the stories existed long before the two men were born in Germany in the mid 1780s. The fairy tales, in fact, were part of a rich oral tradition—passed down from generation to generation, often by women seeking to pass the time during household chores. In 1812, Jacob and Wilhelm published the stories as part of a collection titled Nursery and Household Tales, or what is now known as Grimm’s Fairy Tales.
The Grimm brothers' tales were about traditional life and beliefs. For example,forests are common in Germany,and this image often appears in the Grimms' stories.In the past,many people believed forests were dangerous places.In the Grimms' stories, a forest is the home of evil witches, talking animals, and other magical beings.
Although most people today think of these stories as fairy tales for children,the brothers first wrote them for adults.Many of their early tales were dark and a little scary.Later,the brothers changed the text of some of the original stories.They \many of the tales and added drawings.This made them more appropriate（合适的） for children. Like the early tales, though, each story still has a moral: work hard, be good, and listen to your parents. Actually, university-trained philologists (语言学者) and librarians, Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm published more than fairy tales. They wrote books about mythology, and published scholarly works on linguistics and medieval studies.
24. What is the main purpose of the reading?
A . To compare the Grimms’ stories to modern children's stores. B .To explain why storytelling is important in Germany.
C . To examine two of the Grimms' fairy tales.
D . To give information about the Grimm brothers and their stories. 25. Which of these statements is true about the Grimm brothers? A . They invented the fairy tales in their books. B . They wrote their books in different languages. C . They became interested in folktales as students. D . They traveled to many countries to collect stories.
26. Which of the following best explains “moral” underlined in Paragraph 4 ? A. interest B. text
C. story D. message
27. What do we know about the Grimms' stories? A .The later stories had morals,like the early ones. B .The early stories were written for children. C .The early stories had a lot of drawings.
D .The later stories reflected German life, but the early ones didn't.
C
Can you imagine digging in your yard one day and finding a life-sized soldier made completely of clay? That's what happened several decades ago when farmers in Xi'an,China,were digging wells.
Archaeologists（考古学家） have since found about 6,000 more of these soldiers, along with horses,weapons,tools,and other artifacts. The huge army was meant to protect the tomb of the first ruler of China. The first emperor of China, Qin Shihuang, accomplished a huge amount during his rule. Between 221 and 210 B.C., he started the construction of the Great Wall. He built a large network of roads.He introduced a new writing system, currency（货币）, and a set of measurements.The emperor also ordered the construction of a huge army of life-sized terracotta soldiers. These, he hoped, would protect his tomb after his death.
The soldiers in Xi'an's terracotta museum are today light brown,but they weren't always.They began as an army of red,blue,yellow,green,white,and purple. Sadly, most of the colors did not last to the present day.After being exposed to air during excavation(挖掘), the coating under the paint
began to fall off. The paint disappeared in less time than it takes to boil an egg, taking with it important pieces of history.
Now new techniques are starting to reveal the army's true colors. Archaeologists have recently discovered an area with more than a hundred soldiers.Many of these still have their painted features, including black hair,pink faces,and black or brown eyes.Chinese and German researchers have developed a special liquid to help preserve the soldiers' colors.After they find a soldier or other artifacts(手工艺品), archaeologists spray it with the liquid.They then cover it in plastic. Archaeologists are also finding colors in the dirt around the soldiers.It's important not to disturb the dirt,so the colors won't be lost.\are treating the earth as an artifact,\archeologist Rong Bo, the museum's leading chemist.The next challenge,says Rong, is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again.Once that happens,artists can bring Emperor Qin's army back to life in full,vivid color.
28. The terracotta soldiers were constructed to _________. A.show the outside world about China’s greatness B. be enjoyed by everyday people
C. frighten China’s enemies D. protect Emperor Qin’s tomb
29. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
A. The soldiers lost their colors very quickly. B. The soldiers’ paint fell off because of the high temperature.
C. Visitors to the museum are not actually seeing the real soldiers. D. Being exposed to water is bad for the soldiers. 30. What have archaeologists recently discovered? A. A place with over a hundred soldiers. B. A written description of the soldiers’ true colors.
C. A special liquid in the tomb to preserve the soldiers’ colors. D. A new tomb for Emperor Qin.
31. Which statement would Rong Bo probably agree with?
A. The soldiers should stay in their current, brown color.
B. Artists should be able to paint the soldiers in any color they want.
C. Archaeologists can only guess at the soldiers’ original colors. D. We should try to restore the army’s vivid colors.
D
Herman Melvile, the writer of the famous whale story Moby Dick, once wrote that humpback whales were “the most lighthearted of all the whales.” Known to be intelligent animals and can be seen working together to hunt schools of small fish, humpbacks are a favorite of whale watchers everywhere. And, if you listen closely, you might even hear one singing.
Marine （海洋） biologist Jim Darling has studied the songs of humpback whales for more than 25 years. While recording whale songs on a boat near Hawaii, he invited author Douglas Chadwick to experience diving with a humpback. In the water, Chadwick heard the whale’s songs in a way he never heard them before. “Suddenly, I no longer heard the whale’s voice in my ears,” he said. “I felt it inside my head and bones.”When swimming with the whale, Chadwick could see that the whale was aware of him, but not alarmed by his presence.Up in the boat, Darling recorded the whale’s song, which can be long and complex, sometimes lasting for 30 minutes or more. Actually, they are perhaps the longest songs sung by any animal.
Darling says that only male humpbacks sing, but for unknown reasons, it was previously thought that they sang to attract females, but scientists showed this was incorrect when they played recordings of whale songs in the ocean and the female whales did not respond. Another idea is that male humpbacks compete with each other using songs, just as other male animals on land do using their horns or sharp teeth.
Researchers have also found that humpback whale songs are different in different parts of the world, perhaps like whale national songs. They may also be like hit tunes on the radio, changing over time---- from one year to the next, or even over a single breeding season when they produce young.
Another member of the research team, photographer Flip Nicklin, recalls a special moment he had while interacting with a humpback. While he was snorkeling(潜水) some distance from the huge animal, it approached him until it was just a few metres away. It then gently carried Nicklin