发布时间 : 星期日 文章2014从句句型一 定语从句更新完毕开始阅读
（f）先行词指物，在主句中作是“the way”或“the reason”时，“that”可作关系副词，也可省略。
（h）主句的主语是疑问词“who /which”时，避免重复要用“that”．
举例：
Is this the book that you borrowed in the library? 这是你在图书馆借的书吗？
Who that break the window should be punished． 谁打碎了窗户谁该受罚。
All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的是石油供应。
The thief gave out everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。
定语从句只能“that”引导的情况： 1、先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰。
This is the most interesting book that l have ever read.
2、先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰。
The second foreign country that l expect to visit is Greek.
3、先行词是不定代词时，如\、few、little、much、anything、nothing、something\This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 4.、先行词既有人又有物时
Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
5、先行词被“only”、“the every”、“no”、“one of”、“the right\饰
He is the only person that l want to talk to.
6、在以“which”、“who”、“whom” 引起的问句中，为避免重复，常用\
Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
7、“there be”句型中
8、先行词在主句中作表语，或者关系代词本身作从句的表语时宜用“that” “that”在作宾语时可省略。 （五）区分定语从句和同位语从句
1、定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系； 同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系。
（1）The boy who is playing football is my classmate.（定语从句）
2、定语从句由关系代for advice.
（3）The fact that the moon moves around the earth is known to all.
（4）The fact is that the moon moves around the earth.(这是一个表语从句！）
(六)特殊的定语从句
1) but也可用作关系代词来引导定语从句，意思接近于that(who).....not(这种用法已经有些陈旧）
There is no tree but bears some fruit.没有不结果实的树。
There are very few but admire his talents.很少有人不佩服他的才华。
Surely there isn't a mother but faces this problem.可以肯定，凡是母亲都面临着这个问题。
2）whereby,wherein,whereupon也可以引导定语从句，相当于by which,in which,upon/on which.这种用法已经有些陈旧，且仅用于书面语。[2]
[定语从句]介词+关系词
1）介词后面的关系副词不能省略。 2）“that”前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的\介词+关系词\结构可以同关系副词“when”和“where”互换。例如：
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. 这是我两年前住过的房子。 This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club？ 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？
Do you remember the day when you joined our club？
二、介词与关系代词
“介词+关系代词”的结构
1. “介词+ which”在关系分句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when, where和why。如：
①I still remember the day on which (= when) I first came to school. 我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。
②The factory in which (= where) I work is a large one. 我工作的工厂是一个大厂子。 2. “介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作地点状语，表示存
在关系，关系分句主谓常须倒装。如：
①They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small boy. 他们来到一处农舍，前边坐着一个小男孩。
②I saw a man, on the head of whom stood a bird. 我看见一个人，他的头上有一只鸟。 3. “不定代词或数词+ of + which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作主
语，说明整体中的一部分。如：
①China has a lot of islands, one of which is Taiwan. 中国有许多岛屿，其中之一是台湾岛。
②There are a lot of students here, none of whom like the film. 这里有许多学生，他们之中无人喜欢这部电影。
4. “介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作目的、方式或地点
状语。如：
①Could you tell me for whom you’ve bought this coat? 你能告诉我这件衣服是给谁买的吗？
②The man, from whom I learned the news, is an engineer. 这人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。
5. “介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”用于被动结构的关系分句中，作状
语，说明动作的执行者。如：
①The wolf by which the sheep was killed was shot. 伤害羊的那只狼被打死了。
②The man by whom the wolf was shot was a good hunter. 打死狼的那人是一个好猎手。 6. “名词+ of which”代替“whose +名词”在关系分句中作定语。如：
①I saw some trees, the leaves of which (= whose leaves ) were black with disease. 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因害病而发黑。
②He mentioned a book, the title of which (= whose title) I’ve forgotten. 他提到一本书，书名我忘了。
7. “介词+ which（指物）/whose（指人）”修饰后边的名词。如：
①It rained all night and all day, during which time the ship broke into pieces. 雨下了一天一夜，就在这期间轮船撞碎了。
②The driver was the man from whose room she had stolen the maps. 司机就是那个男人，她从他的房间偷走地图。
8. “介词+ which +不定式”。此种用法多见于正文体中，相当于一个带有主语
和谓语的定语从句。如：
She had only 1.87 with which to buy (= she could buy) Jim, her husband, a present. 她只有一元八角七分钱，用这些钱她给丈夫吉姆买一件礼物。分句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when, where和why。如：
①The factory in which (= where) I work is a large one. 我工作的工厂是一个大厂子。 ②Thisis the reason for which (= why )he was put in prison. 这就是他为什么被关起来的原因。
三、介词的正确选择
1. 根据后面动词和介词的搭配关系选择。如：
①This is not the book of which the teacher spoke in class. (speak of 意为“谈论”，相当于talk about)
②The two things of which they felt proud were Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair. (be / feel proud of 为固定短语，意为“以……自豪”。)
2. 根据前面的名词的搭配关系选择。如：
①I’ll never forget the day on which I first met him. (表示具体的某一天，介词用on) ②The boy pointed to the direction in which he would run. （“朝……方向”，介词用in）
3. 有时需同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和名词的搭配关系。如：
The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.
四、介词和关系代词