发布时间 : 星期日 文章基于can总线的温度测控系统的设计本科本科毕业论文更新完毕开始阅读
题目
烟 台 南 山 学 院
毕 业 论 文
基于CAN总线的温度测控系统的设计
姓 名： 霍雅慧
所在学院：计算机与电气自动化学院
所学专业： 电气工程及其自动化
班 级： 09电气工程01班
学 号： 200902100143
指导教师： 鞠晓君
完成时间： 2013年5月
烟台南山学院毕业设计(论文) 第 I 页
基于CAN总线的温度测控系统的设计
摘 要
温度控制系统是通过各种仪器设备，保证所控制的环境温度保持在规定的范围内，以满足所需要求的调控设备。传统的多点温控系统虽然相较于单点温控系统，误差小、速度快、精度高、工作强度低、效率高、节省了人力物力，但由于集散式控制系统大多采用RS485总线来连接多个节点，虽然能够一对多通信，但挂载的节点少且节点越多、通信效率越低。另外，随着计算机和微处理器的飞速发展，人们对温度控制要求更高、所需要的单片机也在不停的更新换代中，传统控制系统中所用的8位或16位单片机的容量、效率、速度已经不能满足高质量控制温度的要求。利用CAN总线，我们可以实现多节点、高精度、高效率的温度控制。
本论文利用所学单片机、自动控制原理、以及现代检测技术及其相关知识并结合CAN总线通讯相关资料，设计了基于CAN总线的温度控制系统。论文的主要工作如下：第一，以ARM处理器作为控制的主体，实现了温度测量、数据采集和传输、调节温度的下位机；第二，利用CAN总线的通信模块实现了PC机与下位机的传输；第三，利用PC机的各种软件实现了温度的动态曲线显示功能；第四，通过PID控制即比例微分控制，实现温度的控制与调整。通过CAN总线的温度控制，实现温控的智能化。
关键词：温度控制系统,CAN总线,ARM处理器,PID控制
烟台南山学院毕业设计(论文) 第 II 页
ABSTRACT
The temperature control system is through a variety of instruments and equipment, to ensure that the control of the environment temperature is kept within specified limits, to meet the needs of control equipment requirements. Multi-point temperature control system of traditional although compared with a single point temperature control system, the error is small, fast speed, high precision, low work intensity, high efficiency, save manpower and material resources, but because of the distributed control system mostly adopts RS485 bus to connect to multiple nodes, although the one-to-many communication, but the node less and more nodes, communication efficiency is low. In addition, along with the rapid development of computer and microprocessor, the higher the temperature control requirements, the SCM are constantly updated, capacity, efficiency, speed of 8 or 16 bits MCU used in traditional control system has been unable to meet the high quality control temperature requirements. Using CAN bus, we can realize multiple nodes, high precision, high temperature control.
In this paper, using the single-chip microcomputer, automatic control theory, and modern testing technology and the related knowledge and the combination of CAN bus communication related information, design a temperature control system based on CAN bus. The main work is as follows: first, using ARM processor as the control subjects, the lower temperature measurement, data acquisition and transmission, temperature regulation; second, the transmission of PC machine and the lower position machine by communication module based on CAN bus; third, to achieve the dynamic curve of temperature display function using a variety of software PC machine; fourth, through the PID control that proportional differential control and MATLAB simulation, control and adjustment of temperature. The temperature is controlled via the CAN bus, realize the intelligent temperature control.
Keywords:temperature control system,CAN bus,ARM processor,PID control
烟台南山学院毕业设计(论文) 第 III 页
目 录
1 绪论 ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 课题背景及意义 .......................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 课题背景 ........................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 课题意义 ........................................................................................... 1 1.2 温度控制系统的发展趋势 .......................................................................... 1 1.3 课题研究内容 .............................................................................................. 2 2 总体方案 ................................................................................................................. 3
2.1 温度控制系统的结构 .................................................................................. 3 2.2 现场总线控制系统 ...................................................................................... 4 2.3 智能节点设计 .............................................................................................. 4 2.4 温度控制算法 .............................................................................................. 5 2.5 小结 .............................................................................................................. 5 3 相关技术简介 ......................................................................................................... 6
3.1 CAN总线简介 .............................................................................................. 6
3.1.1 CAN总线的工作原理 ...................................................................... 6 3.1.2 CAN总线的特点和优点 .................................................................. 6 3.1.3 CAN总线协议 .................................................................................. 7 3.2 ARM处理器简介 ........................................................................................ 8
3.2.1 ARM处理器的特点 ......................................................................... 8 3.2.2 STM32F103处理器 ............................................................................. 8 3.2.3 STM32F103的主要构成 ..................................................................... 9 3.3 PID控制简介 ................................................................................................ 10
3.3.1 模拟PID控制 ................................................................................... 10 3.3.2 比例（P）、积分(I)、微分(D)控制 ............................................... 11 3.3.3 数字PID控制 ................................................................................... 12 3.3.4 积分分离的PID控制算法 ............................................................... 13 3.4 温度传感器DS18B20简介 ........................................................................ 15
3.4.1 DS18B20的连接设计 ....................................................................... 15