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新视野大学英语4 Unit1--Unit5 Section A课后练习
Unit 1
crumble 崩溃，瓦解，消失 discern 看出，觉察出，辨明 Surpass 超过，胜过
shrewd 精明的，机敏的，准确的 conversion 转变，改造，转换 distort 歪曲，曲解
1. As the gender barriers (crumbled), the number of women working as lawyers, doctors, or bankers began to increase significantly from the mid-20th century. 2. With the data collected each year, the owner of the shop can (discern) customer trends and how things like weather and economic indicators affect sales performance.
3. His supervisor pushes and motivates him in such a positive manner that he is not only able to reach but to (surpass) his personal goals.
4. He is a man with a(n) (shrewd) business sense. He has built his initial investment into a substantial and even excessively large fortune.
5. The (conversion) of nuclear radiation directly into electricity was an exciting possibility that was being vigorously explored in many laboratories in the 1950s. 6. I was not only shocked but also disgusted that the report tried to (distort) the scientific facts in such a manner that even some highly-educated people were fooled.
7. Sixty-two and blessed with his mother's skin, the fisherman had withstood a lifetime of exposure to the sun and looked as (radiant) as a man in his forties. 8. French educator Louis Braille invented a simple but (ingenious) code which has had an impact on the lives of generations of people who are blind.
9. The senators didn't expect us to ask such tough questions, and when we finally did, they got (stumped) and didn't know what to say.
radiant 容光焕发的，喜悦的 ingenious 有独创性的，别出心裁的 stump 使困惑，难倒
proposition 提议，建议，主张
10. This newly established university supports the (proposition) that a more diverse higher education system is desirable since it would enhance opportunities for lifelong learning. 短语
be dripping with 满是…，充满 in exchange for 作为交换 flare up 突然发怒，骤然 make an analogy between在…间做类比
set a date for 为…定日期 make…out of 使…变成 made a pact 约好，达成协议 appeale to 诉诸，唤起
1. The brick walls of the ruined buildings (were dripping with) green mold and moisture, and she shivered involuntarily, looking down to avoid the sight. 2. As urban populations exported finished goods (in exchange for) raw materials from neighboring populations, organized trade grew substantially.
3. Knowing just how quickly a wildfire can spread, some residents of the village decided to leave their homes after the flames (flared up) nearby.
4. Biology teachers often (make an analogy between) the heart and a pump in order to help students understand how the heart works.
5. They would like to (set a date for) their wedding and announce their engagement to their families and friends as soon as possible.
6. He was determined not to sour a perfectly good day with the memory of one jealous classmate trying to (make) a fool (out of) him in front of the entire class. 7. The couple (made a pact) never to work at the same time, so that one of them was always on full-time parenting duty, and their child wouldn't have to be looked after by strangers.
8. The president said that it's the worst earthquake ever to hit the country, and that he (had appealed to) the world for help, asking in particular for heavy-lift helicopters able to carry relief supplies into the isolated mountain areas. 英译汉
Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist.
亚里士多德是古希腊的哲学家和科学家。
His writings cover many subjects, including physics, biology, zoology, logic, ethics, poetry, theater, music, linguistics, politics and government, and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy.
他的作品涵盖了许多学科，包括物理学、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、伦理学、诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政治和政府，构成了第一个综合的西方哲学体系。 Aristotle was the first to classify areas of human knowledge into distinct disciplines such as mathematics, biology, and ethics.
亚里士多德是第一个将人类的知识领域划分为不同学科的人，如数学，生物学和伦理学。
He believed all people's concepts and all their knowledge were ultimately based on perception.
他相信人所有的观念和所有的知识在根本上都是基于感知能力。 His views on natural sciences laid the groundwork for many of his works. 他对自然科学的看法构成了他许多作品的基础。
He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in his era.他几乎对他所处时期的每一个人类知识领域都作出了贡献。
His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, and even today all aspects of Aristotle's philosophy continue to be the important subject of academic study.
他的作品包含了人们所知的最早的关于逻辑的正式研究，即使在今天，亚里士多德哲学所涵盖的方方面面仍是学术研究的重要课题。
His philosophy had a long-lasting influence on the development of all Western philosophical theories.
他的哲学对所有的西方哲学理论的发展有着经久不衰的影响。More than 2,300 years after his death, Aristotle remains one of the most influential philosophers and scientists.
在去世2,300多年后，亚里士多德仍是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家之一。
Unit 2
deficient 不足的，有缺陷的 prosecution 起诉，指控
outrage 义愤，愤慨，震怒，暴行 appease 平息，安抚，抚慰 conformity n.遵照，遵从，符合 strand 组成部分，方面
complement 与…互补 transient 短暂的，临时的 appliances 家用电器，家用器具 outfit n.全套服装v.为…提供全套服装，装备
1. We need to improve the quality of education so that our children will not leave school (deficient) in literary and reasoning skills.
2. In a society governed by the rule of law, every citizen is subject to possible (prosecution) if he violates the law.
3. The pay gap between average workers and top corporate officers has led to pubic (outrage) as executives receive large packages despite falling share prices. 4. The delicious meal (appeased) our hunger and made us feel warm again after having walked in the snow all day.
5. The military insists on (conformity) in many areas, for example, dress and haircut, with the primary objective of promoting group unity.
6. My daughter used to play with the dog by taking a(n) (strand) of its hair and then spending a long time rubbing, combing and twisting it.
7. When she left for the party, she took great care to make her necklace and shoes (complement) her dress.
8. It was necessary to provide living places for (transient) immigrants passing through the area on their way to more permanent dwellings.
9. They had just moved in, so they needed to buy a number of kitchen (appliances) , including a microwave oven, a toaster, and a coffee maker. 10. She wanted a beautiful and elegant (outfit) to attend the wedding of a friend, but couldn't find anything satisfactory in the nearby shops. 短语
in hopes of 怀有…的希望 come up with 想出，提出
excuse herself 礼貌地告辞 be obsessed with 对…着迷