发布时间 : 星期六 文章十大词性 句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习（附答案）更新完毕开始阅读
interpretation (that) he placed ...。可见，该句是环环相扣，一层套一层。理解了该句，考生才能回答文后第51题：What can we infer from the passage? 答案是B(Passive learning may not be reliable.)。
二、并列式
有时候，一个句子会包含多个并列成分，如并列主语、并列谓语、并列宾语等，这些并列结构往往有连词连接。在解读这类句式时，要注意利用连词和标点符号来判断并列部分。
3： The thing I like best about them is that your money is going to be a good cause and not into the pockets of profit-driven companies，and you are not damaging the planet，but finding a new home for unwanted goods.(2008天津B篇)
译文：对于它们我最喜欢的是你的钱拿去办好事的，而不是进了营利公司的口袋，你不是在破坏这个地球，而是在为那些人们不需要的商品找到一个新的去处。
解析：该句表语从句部分用了两个并列的句子：第一个that your money ...，第二个句子是you are not ...but finding ...。理解了该句，可以正确解答第40题：The author loves the charity shop mainly because of______.答案选C(its spirit of good will)。
4： The real attractions of the Hollowell farm to me were its position，being about two miles from the village，half a mile from the nearest neighbor，bounded(相邻) on one side by the river，and separated from the highway by a wide field.(2008四川卷E篇)
译文：霍洛韦尔农场真正吸引我的地方是它的位置，它离村子大约两英里，离最近的邻居半英里，一边临小河，另一边又有一大块宽阔的田野把它与公路隔开。
解析：该句主干是“主语 + 系表结构”，从being到句末是position的同位语。理解了该句的主干，便可以回答第52题：Why did the author decide to buy the Hollowell place? 该题答案选C(It was in a good position.)。
三、插入语式
有些句子在中间会用逗号或破折号分开，而处于逗号或破折号之间的内容通常被称为插入语。阅读时，要先将插入语部分跳过，先读主句，然后再读插入语部分。
5： The lack of right male (男性的) role models in many of their lives—at home and particularly in the school environment (环境)—means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.(2008辽宁卷C篇)
译文：在他们很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤其是在学校，缺少合适的男性榜样，这就意味着他们只好对照自己的同龄人来评判自己。
解析：该句中破折号中间部分可以先略过不看，首先要找到句子的主干，即：The lack ...means that ...。
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that 从句中又包含一个省略了关系代词whom或that的定语从句，即they have to judge themselves against，它修饰先行词the only people。通过理解这一句话，考生可以确定第65题：What seems to have a bad effect on students like Tom? 该题应该选A( Peer groups.)。
四、改变语序式
有时候，有些句子会使用改变语序的手段，主要以强调结构和倒装来使句子复杂化。正确掌握强调句型和倒装语法是理解这类句型的关键。
6： It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help，but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world.__(2008四川A篇)
译文：到那时候，我才意识到我并非真的来帮助他人，而是来了解和体验另一种文化，这种文化有助于提高我对生活和世界的理解。
解析：该句主干用了强调句型 it was then that I realized ...，强调时间then。原句顺序应该是：I realized ...then。在该句第二层结构中，即that引导的宾语从句中，又用了一个 not ...but ...句式连接。该句的第三层结构是culture后面that引导的定语从句，它修饰 culture。
总而言之，英语阅读中的长难句是一个比较复杂的语言现象，准确理解和把握长难句是考生应该掌握的一项阅读技能。希望以上介绍的方法可以帮助考生更好地掌握这项技能，使长难句不再成为阅读的障碍。
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四： 课后作业：
句子成分练习题
指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：
1. Whether we’ll go depend on the weather. ( ) 2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily. ( ) 3. That was how they were defeated. ( )
4. The nursery takes good care of our children. ( ) 5. I’ll return the book to you tomorrow. ( ) 6. We are sure that we shall succeed. ( )
7. The woman with a baby in her arms is his other. ( ) 8. There are many films that I’d like to see. ( )
9. Have you met the person about whom he was speaking? ( 10. I have a lot of work to do. ( )
11. Anyway I won’t stop you from doing it. ( ) 12. I said it in fun. ( )
13. We can send a car over to fetch you. ( ) 14. She had to work standing up. ( )
15. Seeing this, some comrades became very worried. ( 16. Much interested, he agreed to give it a try. ( ) 17. The bus arrived ten minutes late. ( )
18. We should serve the people heart and soul. ( ) 19. Spring coming on, the tree turned green. ( ) 20. Some farmers saw something strange in the sky. ( 21. We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting. ( 22. It’s strange that she doesn’t come today. ( ) 23. It was in the library that I come today. ( )
24. He likes drawing at times when he isn’t working. ( 25. We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. ( ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语
) ) )
) ) ) 15
② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语 ③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语 ④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语 ⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语
（二）语法填空
The Internet is an amazing information resource. Students, teachers, and researchers use it as __31_ investigative tool. Journalists use it to find information for stories. Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the _32_ (late) medical development. Ordinary people use it for shopping, banking, bill-paying, and communicating with family and friends. People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from _33 countries and cultures. However, __34____there are many positive developments __35__ (associate) with the Internet, there are also certain fears and
concerns. __36___ concern relates to a lack of control over__37__ appears on the Internet. With television and radio there are editors to check the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs, and with television there are _38 _ (restrict) on what kinds of programs can __39__
(broadcast) and at what times of the day. With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable __40____ their children to see.
31. an 32.latest 33.other/different 34. while 35.associated
36. One 37. what 38.restrictions 39. be broadcast(ed) 40.for
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