发布时间 : 星期三 文章Unit 12 Culture Shock更新完毕开始阅读
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虚拟语气常表说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议而不表示客观存在的事实。 一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句的运用 1．与现在事实相反 2.与过去事实相反 3.与将来事实相反 朗文在线
(1)If I were you，I should study English.如果我是你，我会学英语的。 (2)She would have gone to the party if she had been invited last night. 如果受到邀请，她昨晚就去参加晚会了。
(3)If it were to rain tomorrow，the meeting would be put off.如果明天下雨，会议就会推迟。 条件虚拟语气的注意点：
1．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。
If you had gone to a doctor，you would be all right now. 要是你当时去看了医生的话，那你现在就好了。 (从句是对过去的虚拟，主句是对现在的虚拟)
2．在虚拟条件句中，可将if省略，而将were/had/should提前，句子实行倒装。
Had you been here earlier，you would have seen him.要是你早点到这儿，你会见到他的。 Were it not for the expense，I would go to Italy.要不是费用的问题，我会去意大利的。 3．隐含虚拟语气，即用介词短语或其它形式代替条件句，
But for your help，I couldn’t have done it on time.要不是你的帮助，我是无法按时做完这事的。
He was very busy yesterday；otherwise he would have come to the party. 昨天他很忙，否则的话他会来参加这次舞会的。 二、虚拟语气中的常见句型
1．had hoped/thought/intended＋that从句，表示“本来希望/想要/打算??”。宾语从句的谓语常用would＋动词原形。
I had thought he would come.我本来以为他会来的。 2．wish＋宾语从句，常表不能或难以实现的愿望。 (1)表现在不能实现的愿望，从句谓语用过去式。
I wish it were spring all the year round.我希望全年都是春天
(2)表将来不能实现的愿望，从句谓语用could/would＋动词原形。 I wish you could go with us tomorrow.我希望明天你能跟我们一道走。 (3)表过去没能实现的愿望，从句谓语用had done。
I wish I hadn’t wasted my time when I was young.我希望我年轻时没浪费那么多的时光。 注意：It is/was wished that从句或wish作为名词，后接表语从句，同位语从句时，也要采用以上三种形式的虚拟语气。
3．在动词insist，command，recommend，prefer，urge，order，suggest，propose，advise，demand，desire，request，require，arrange等表“命令，建议、要求”后接宾语从句，从句的动词用(should)＋动词原形。但suggest表“暗示”、“表明”；insist表“力言，强调、坚
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持说”时后接宾语从句，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。
He demanded that we (should)start right away.他要求我们立刻动身出发。 I suggest he not go tomorrow.我建议他明天不要去。
Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.Mike坚持说他从没偷过东西。 注意：It is desired/suggested/decided/ordered/requested (表“命令、建议、要求”)＋that 从句或其它名词的形式，出现如advice，idea，order，demand，proposal，suggestion，request后接表语从句、同位语从句时，从句的动词必须用(should)＋动词原形。
My idea is that we (should)do exercises first.我的看法是先做完作业。
It is my order that you (should)finish the work ahead of time.我要求你们要提前完成这项工作。
4．It is necessary/important/natural/strange/funny/surprising等＋that从句。
(1)若从句表惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此时，从句用虚拟，即从句的动词用(should)＋动词原形，should可译为“应该”或“竟然”。 (2)若不表示以上的情感，也可用陈述语气。
It is strange that he (should) say so.这就怪了，他居然说出那样的话。
It is necessary that we should clean the room every day.我们每天打扫房间，这是必需的。 5．It is a pity/a shame/no wonder that从句。
若表示一种强烈情感时，从句的动词用should＋动词原形；若不表示这种情感，可用陈述语气。
It was a pity that you should be so careless.真遗憾，他竟然如此粗心。 6．It is (high/about)time(that)从句。
从句的动词用过去式或should＋动词原形(should不可省) It is time that children went to bed.孩子们该睡觉了。 7．用于as if/as though引导的表语从句或状语从句中。 (1)对过去的虚拟，从句动词用过去完成式。
He speaks as if he had been there before.他说起话来好像以前到过那儿似的。 (2)对现在的虚拟，从句的动词用过去式。
He talks as if he knew everything.他说起来好像什么都知道似的。 (3)对将来的虚拟，动词用would/could＋动词原形。
The man looked very worried as if something would happen to him. 那个人显得很焦虑，好像要发生什么事情似的。
注意：It looks as if/as though引导的表语从句若表示真实情况，不用虚拟。 It looks as if it is going to rain.天看起来要下雨 8．would rather＋从句，从句用虚拟语气。 (1)对现在、将来虚拟，从句动词用过去式。
I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。 (2)对过去虚拟，从句动词用过去完成式。
I would rather you had stayed with us yesterday，but you left. 我倒想你昨天与我们在一起但是你走了。
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1．There was plenty of time.She________.
A．mustn’t have hurried B．needn’t hurry
C．mustn’t hurry D．needn’t have hurried
解析：句意为：当时时间充足，她根本不必那么急的。needn’t have done表虚拟“本来不必??”。 答案：D
2．His order that everyone________hand in the exercisebooks is correct. A．can B．may C．shall D．should
解析：句意为：他要求所有人把作业交上去，这是正确的。order后接同位语从句时，从句用虚拟。 答案：D
3．It is________that he repair the machine in a new way. A．certain B．sure C．suggested D．true
解析：句意为：建议他按新方法修理这台机器。由于从句的动词用了原形，所以前面必须是带虚拟语气作宾语的动词。 答案：C
4．You see，he’s failed again.You________him more help. A．ought to give B．ought have given C．ought to have given D．should give 解析：句意为：瞧，他又失败了，你本该给他更多帮助的。ought to have done表“本来应该??但??”。 答案：C
5．Had I known it，I________him at that time.
A．should tell B．ought to tell C．would tell D．would have told
解析：句意为：要是我知道这件事，当时我就告诉他了，从前面句子看是一个省略if而倒装的过去虚拟语气，故主句用would have done。 答案：D
6.If he________hurt his legs yesterday，he________visit the Great Wall with us now. A．hadn’t；wouldn’t B．didn’t；wouldn’t C．hadn’t；were to D．hadn’t；would
解析：句意为：要是他昨天不伤着腿的话，那他现在就和我们一起在游览长城了。从句意看，从句是对过去的虚拟，故用had done，而主句是对现在的虚拟用would＋动词原形。 答案：D
7．But for your help，I________yesterday.
A．hadn’t succeeded B．wouldn’t succeed
C．didn’t succeed D．wouldn’t have succeeded 解析：句意为：要不是你的帮助，我昨天是无法成功的。but for表“要不是”，相当于一个虚拟条件句，主句是对过去的虚拟。 答案：D
8．________it would stop snowing!
A．If only B．Only if C．Even if D．But for
解析：句意为：要是雪现在不下了就好了。if only表“要是??就好了”，句子常用虚拟。对现在、将来的虚拟从句动词常用过去式或could/would＋动词原形，对过去的虚拟，从句的动
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词用过去完成式。 答案：A
9．She wishes her husband________to come over.
A．will manage B．could manage C．manage D．should manage
解析：句意为：她希望她丈夫能苏醒过来。wish后接宾语从句用虚拟，对将来的虚拟从句动词用could/would＋动词原形。 答案：B
10．It’s high time that he________rid of his bad habit.
A．get B．got C．gets D．had got
解析：句意为：是该他去掉坏习惯的时候了。It’s(high/about)time that从句，从句的动词要用过去式或should＋动词原形。 答案：B
1．Some insisted that we________an English evening at weekend；yet some insisted that they______
no interest in it at all.
A．should hold；take B．were going to hold；show
C．hold；took D．would hold；would show
解析：句意为：有些人坚持认为我们应该在周末举行一次英语晚会，但有些人说他们一点也不感兴趣。insist表“强调，坚持说”时，从句不用虚拟；表“坚持认为，坚决主张”时，从句用虚拟。 答案：C
2．His illness was too serious，otherwise he________saved.
A．could be B．couldn’t have been C．could have been D．could have
解析：句意为：当时他的病太严重，否则的话他会得救的。could have done表对过去的虚拟。 答案：C
3．My little sister is only twelve，but she talks as if she ________the Long March. A．has taken part in B．took part in
C．take part in D．had taken part in
解析：句意为：我小妹妹只有十二岁，可说起话来好像参加过长征似的。as if从句后动词用过去完成式表示对过去的虚拟。 答案：D
4．We________that Mr.Green should be here tomorrow. A．hope B．wish C．expect D．demand
解析：句意为：我们要求格林先生明天在这儿。根据从句中的动词用should＋动词原形可知，只有demand后的宾语从句用虚拟。 答案：D
5．The rule requires that everyone________his car checked once a year. A．have B．has C．had D．will have
解析：句意为：按规定所有人的车辆必须每年进行一次检查。require后接从句，从句的动词
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