发布时间 : 星期五 文章2019年高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdomSectionⅠWarmingUp更新完毕开始阅读
Unit 2 The United Kingdom
When people say England, they sometimes mean Great Britain, sometimes the United Kingdom, sometimes the British Isles — but never England.
Why is England or the UK sometimes called Britain? “England” is sometimes, wrongly, used in reference to the whole United Kingdom, the entire island of Great Britain (or simply Britain), or indeed the British Isles. This is not only incorrect but can cause offence (冒犯) to people from other parts of the UK.
England, Scotland, Wales, Great Britain refer to different parts of the UK. The British Isles includes many islands not even part of the UK.
The diverse (多种多样的) history of England, Scotland and Wales has led to very different cultural traditions. The Scots and Welsh have right to feel aggrieved (受侵害的) whenever the term “England” is used wrongly to mean all three.
The name United Kingdom refers to the union of what were once four separate countries: England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland (though most of Ireland is now independent)．
The UK’s full and official name is “the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”．
Section ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Pre-reading
[原文呈现] PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY
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People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales， Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history.
First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and later the name was changed to “Great Britain”. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack.
[读文清障]
①puzzle n．谜；难题 ②Wales [weIlz] 威尔士(英) ③Scotland ['sk?tl?nd] 苏格兰(英)
④Northern Ireland ['aI?l?nd] 北爱尔兰(英) ⑤clarify ['kl?rIfaI] vt.澄清；阐明
⑥link A to B 把A与B连接、联合起来，此处为被动语态。 ⑦refer to提及；涉及
⑧find Wales included为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，过去分词included充当宾补。 ⑨as well也；还；而且
⑩join A to B 把A与B连接、联合起来，此处为被动语态。 ?accomplish [?'k?mplI?] vt.实现；完成；达到 ?conflict ['k?nflIkt] n．矛盾；冲突 ?in the early twentieth century在20世纪初
?by getting ...为方式状语，其中getting Ireland connected为“get＋宾语＋宾补”
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结构，过去分词connected作宾补。
?unwilling [??n'wIlI?] adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的) be unwilling to do sth.不愿意做某事 ?break away (from)挣脱(束缚)；脱离 ?动词不定式短语to become ...作结果状语。 ?the Union Jack英国国旗
地理学的困惑
[第1～2段译文]
对于用不同词汇来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家，人们或许感到很奇怪。如果你学习英国历史，你就可以弄清楚这个问题。
首先是英格兰。威尔士在公元13世纪时与英格兰是一体的。如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是被包括在内的。接着英格兰和威尔士在17世纪同苏格兰合并，后来更名为“大不列颠”。令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时并未经过战争。最后在20世纪初，英国政府试图以同样的和平方式把爱尔兰联合起来以形成联合王国。然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意(组建联合王国)，它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。因此，只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰联合起来组成了联合王国，从向世界展示的新的英国国旗上就可以看出来。
To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the 21 and international relations), but they still have very different currency○
2. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different institutions2○3 and legal24 systems as well as different football teams for educational2○○competitions like the World Cup！
?credit ['kredIt] n．信任；学分；赞扬；信贷
to one’s credit为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下 ?do work together中do表示强调，意为“确实；的确”。 21currency ['k?r?nsI] n．货币；通货 ○
22institution [?InstI'tju??○n] n．制度；机制；公共机构 23educational [?edj?'keI?○?nl] adj.教育的 24legal adj.法律的；合法的 ○
[第3段译文]
值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在某些领域共同合作(比如， 在货币和国际关系上)，但它们在制度上仍存在着很大的区别。例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰和苏格兰有不同的教育及司法体系，它们也有各自的足球队去参加像世界杯这样的比赛！
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25 it England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience○is divided 26 into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, roughly○
27 and the one nearest to28 Scotland is known the middle zone is called the Midlands○○29 the North. You find most of the population settled in the south30， but most as○○of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, 31， these cities are not as large as○32 those in China, they have nationwide○
world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the 3 visitors○34. For industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract3○35 architecture○36 you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the historical○
37. There you will find out more about British history and culture. Romans○
25convenience [k?n'vi?nI?ns] n．便利；方便 ○
for convenience为了方便起见
26roughly ['r?flI] adv.粗略地(＝ about)；粗糙地 ○
27Midlands ['mIdl?ndz] 英格兰中部地区(英) ○
28nearest to ...靠……最近的，用作后置定语，修饰the one。 ○
29be known as作为……而为人所知 ○
30find ○...为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，过去分词短语settled in the south作宾补。 31nationwide [?neI?○?n'waId] adj.全国性的；全国范围的 adv.在全国范围内；就全国而论
32not as large as (＝ not so large as)不如……那么大 ○
33attract [?'tr?kt] vt.吸引；引起注意 ○
34在句子It is a pity that ...中，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。在从句○中，过去
分词短语built in the nineteenth century作后置定语，修饰the industrial cities。 35historical [hIs't?rIkl] adj.历史(上)的；有关历史的 ○
36architecture ['ɑ?kItekt?○?] n．建筑学；建筑艺术 37过去分词短语built ...作后置定语，修饰towns。 ○
[第4段译文]
在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。最靠近法国的是英格兰南部，中部地区被称为英格兰中部，最靠近苏格兰的称为英格兰北部。你可以看到大多数人口定居在南部，但多数的大型工业城市在英格兰的中部和北部地区。虽然全国范围内，这些城市都不如中国的城市那样大，但是它们都有着世界闻名的足球队，有的城市甚至还有两个！可惜的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。想游览古代建