发布时间 : 星期日 文章v-ing用法更新完毕开始阅读
V-ing结构
1.-ing与不定式的比较：
-ing表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。 I likereading，but now I like to see a moive. 2.动名词作主语
动名词作主语指抽象的概念，表示泛指，不涉及具体哪一次的动作，通常也不涉及特定的动作执行者。例如：Doing is better than wishing. 或者泛指习惯性的动作。
Playing with fire is dangerous. Seeing is believing 主语，表语 注意以下固定用法： There is no doing… 不能做/不准做.. There is no point in doing sth. 做…没意义 It is no use/ good doing… 做…没用/不好
There is no joking about the matter. 作主语直接置于句首
Playing tricks on others is something we should never do． Learning new words is very important for me． Talking is easier than doing.
3.动名词短语作主语可用于“主+系+表”结构中，有时可用it作形式主语，但作表语的词通常有所限制，常常是下列词或词组：no good, no use, interesting, waste, fun, worthwhile, useless, dangerous, foolish, better, hard, nice等。例如： It is no good learning without practice. 光学而不实践是没用的。
It is no use pretending you didn’t know. 你假装糊涂是无济于事的。
注1：在疑问句中可以用any use。例如： Is it any use discussing the question again? 再讨论这个问题有用吗？ 注2：“It is?”结构可以转换成“There is?”结构。例如： It is (There is) no use crying over the spilt milk.
覆水难收。
It is useless trying to argue with Shylock． 这事值得去做。
It’s worth making the effort． 想再解释一次有好处吗?
Is it any good trying to explain? 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。 It is pleasant working with you．
-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：
Her hobby is painting.
My job is looking after the children.
His concern for his mother is most touching.
She was very pleasing in her appearance.
4.动名词作主语也可用在“主+谓+宾（状）”结构中。例如： Burning cannot take place without oxygen. 没有氧气，燃烧就不能进行。
Knowing English well will help us in our work.
5.动名词也可用在“There is + (no) +动名词”结构中，在这一结构中，不可用不定式代替动名词。例如：
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。
若要人不知，除非己莫为。
There is no hiding of evil but not to do it． 这种事开不得玩笑。
Here is no joking about such matter. 无法知道他什么时候离开
There was no knowing when he would leave.
6.当谓语表示没有时间性的概念时，也可以用动名词作主语。例如： Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
Moving an object doesn’t mean doing work. 移动物体并不意味着做功。
7.“No+动名词”的公告语可看作省略了“There is”。例如： No parking! 禁止停车！ No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No spitting!
禁止随地吐痰！
8. 动名词作宾语主要是作动词的宾语。 （1）只能以动名词作宾语的动词有：resist, suggest, delay , look forward to , enjoy , include , mind , appreciate, imagine , practice , finish , consider , can’t help , miss, escape，avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannot help，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannot stand, excuse，fancy，give up，put off，risk等。例如： I suggest putting off the meeting. The bike needs repairing
I can’t avoid going．
Have you considered looking for one special friend?
（2）还有些动词既可以跟动名词也可以跟不定式作宾语。例如：love, like, hate, dislike, begin, start, continue, intend, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try，begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer，by，mean，forget，remember，hate等。 有的动词后用不定式或动名词作宾语意义差别不大。例如： Will you start working / to work? 你将开始工作吗？
在remember, forget, regret后用动名词作宾语表示在谓语动词之前发生，用不定式则表
示在谓语动词之后发生或未发生的动作。例如： I remember posting the letter. 我记得已把这封信寄走了。
Don’t forget to turn off the lights.
别忘了关灯。 ·在like，love，hate，prefer等动词之后，用-ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧重点有些不同，动名词表示泛指的动作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。 在begin/start，continue之后，用动名词和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是人的时候。
C．在动词forget，remember，regret之后，用动名词与不定式意义不同。动名词表示动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作，如：
I remember posting the letter． I’ll remember to post the letter．
I shall never forget seeing the famous writer． Don’t forget to write to your mother． I regret missing the report．
I regret to say I can’t take your advice．
D．在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如try to do (设法)，try doing (试试)，mean to do (打算，有意要做)，mean doing (意思是，意味着)。如：
We must try to get everything done in time． Let’s try doing the working in some other way． I didn’t mean to make you angry．
Your plan would mean spending hours．
go on doing 和go on to do
Go on doing继续做一直在做的事；go on to do接着做另一件事。如： Please go on doing the same exercise． Please go on to do the other exercise． stop doing与stop to do: Stop doing停止做，stop to do停下正在干的事去干另一件事。如：
We stopped talking． We stopped to talk．
动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：give up, can’t help, feel like, be worth, be busy, set about, put off, think of，insist on等
She can’t help crying at the sad sight. Do you feel like having a break?
9.既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表达的意义不同。
I remember seeing her at the hotel.
我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel.
我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生) 10.介词后用动名词作宾语：
He was late again because of getting up late. Lock the doors and windows before going out. What/How about the two of us playing games？
注意：某些动词搭配以to结尾，但to是介词，后跟名词或V-ing. get used to / look forward to / lead to get down to /pay attention to devote oneself to / contribute to object to（反对）
? Let’s get down to preparing for the exam.
下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或v-ing形式：devote to，object to，pay attention to，get down to，lead to, look forward to，stick to，be used to等
11.用作表语，说明主语是什么，可与主语交换位置。V-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词，二者都可作表语。例如：
Our job is playing all kinds of music. 我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。（动名词） The music they are playing sounds so exciting. 他们演奏的音乐是如此令人兴奋。（现在分词） Her job is looking after those wounded soldiers. My suggestion is going there tomorrow.
注：一般来讲，动名词（短语）作表语，可和主语位置互换。如： The mother is telling a moving story to the baby 表语 定语 Playing all kinds of music is our job. 演奏各种音乐是我们的工作。
但现在分词作表语，表明的是主语的性质特征，主语和表语位置不可互换。 12.V-ing形式作定语可以表示：
（1）所修饰词的用途（动名词）
a waiting room（= a room for waiting）候车室 a walking stick（=a stick for walking）手杖
（2）所修饰的词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式（现在分词）。 a waiting man（=a man who is waiting）正在等待的男人 a sleeping child（=a child who is sleeping）正在睡觉的孩子
a walking man（=a man who is walking）正在散步的男人
单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：
building materials = materials for building 建筑材料 drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水 a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台
-ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如： They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street.
The man standing there is Peter’s father.= The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.
-ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：
His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
注：V-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词，它们的形式相同，都可作定语，但两者之间是