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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
6 A minority of people in our world live in societies in which the interests of the
individual prevail over the interests of the group, societies which I will call
individualist. In these, most children are born into families consisting of two parents and, possibly, other children; in some societies there is an increasing share of one-parent families. Other relatives live elsewhere and are rarely seen. This type is the nuclear family (from the Latin \nucleus\meaning core). Children from such families, as they grow up, soon learn to think of themselves as \identity, is distinct from other people's \and these others are not classified
according to their group membership but to individual characteristics. Playmates, for example, are chosen on the basis of personal preferences. The purpose of
education is to enable the child to stand on its own feet. The child is expected to leave the parental home as soon as this has been achieved. Not infrequently, children, after having left home, reduce relationships with their parents to a minimum or break them off altogether. Neither practically nor
psychologically is the healthy person in this type of society supposed to be dependent on a group.
世界上还有少数人生活在个人利益大于团体利益的社会里，我把这类社会称为个人主义社会。 在这类社会中，多数小孩出生在由父母和孩子组成的家庭里，当然，可能还会有别的孩子；在某些社会中，单亲家庭的数量呈逐渐上升的趋势。 其他的亲戚住在别处，彼此很少见面。 这类家庭被称为核心家庭（源于拉丁词nucleus，意为“核心”）。 核心家庭里的孩子在成长过程中，很快就学会把自己看成是“我”。 这个“我”——即他们的个人身份——区别于其他人的“我”，而且这所谓的其他人并不是以不同团体的成员身份来区别的，而是以个人特点来分类的。 例如玩伴是根据个人的喜好来选择的。 教育的目标是使孩子最终能自立。 孩子一旦有了自立的能力，父母就会鼓励他们离开家。 孩子离开父母家后，与父母的往来频率通常会降至最低点，或者完全断绝往来。 在这类社会里，一个健全的人无论在实际生活中还是在心理上都不会依赖一个团体。
Unit5-3
Destination Europe
1 For many Africans it's their first glimpse of Europe: a tiny island in the
Mediterranean, between Tunisia and Sicily. Technically Lampedusa is part of Italy, and therefore the European Union. But it is
closer to the shores of North Africa, and as such is the first unplanned stop for thousands of Africans on a desperate journey to seek a better life in Europe. At best, the journey—for which they have paid up to �2,000 to the gangs which control
目的地——欧洲
对许多非洲人来说，这里是他们第一眼看到的欧洲：一个位于地中海的突尼斯和西西里岛之间的岛屿。 从技术层面上说，蓝佩杜萨岛是意大利的领土，因而属于欧盟。 但是该岛离北非海岸更近些，因而也成了成千上万的非洲人第一个计划外的停靠站。他们不顾一切，去欧洲寻求更好的生活。 他们向从事此项非法生意的黑帮支付高达两千欧元的费用，可是旅途
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
the illegal trade—is uncomfortable, in
appalling hygienic conditions and under a merciless sun. But sometimes the
horrendously overcrowded boats do not make it, and days later bodies are washed ashore along Europe's southern coastlines. 2 Those people who arrive in Lampedusa are promptly rounded up and sent to a detention centre where the authorities decide whether or not to grant \asylum\which gives the immigrant the right to stay. Many are sent back to where they come from. Some manage to land secretly,
avoiding immigration officials—but they do not always realize they are on a tiny island, and surprise local inhabitants by asking for the railway station.
3 And yet, in spite of everything—the dangers of the journey, the ambivalent attitudes of governments, and the hostility of many local people—some of them do manage to start a new life. The fact is, without immigrants Europe's economy would come to a standstill. Immigrants do the jobs that Europe's ageing population no longer wants to do; and some of them integrate quickly, learning the local
language, taking an active role in society and, ultimately, acquiring citizenship. 4 Italy is a comparatively recent
destination for immigrants from developing countries; four million immigrants account for about seven per cent of the total
population. In Europe as a whole the figure is closer to 12 per cent; northern countries such as Germany, France and the UK have been experiencing the phenomenon of mass immigration for around 50 years. Successive governments in different
countries have tried to control the flow, but have been unable to stop it. Migration is, quite simply, a fact of life, and the \continent\
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极不舒服，卫生条件极其恶劣，而且还要遭受烈日的暴晒。这还算好的了，有时候，那些严重超载的船只到不了对岸，几天之后海水会把他们的尸体冲到欧洲南部的海滩上。
那些到达蓝佩杜萨岛的人则被迅速集中起来，押送到拘留中心，由那里的官员决定是否允许他们“避难”，允许避难就是给移民居住权。 许多人会被遣送回家，有些人则偷偷地登陆，躲开了移民官——但他们往往没有意识到他们是在一个小岛上，当他们去向当地人打听火车站的位置时，当地人会感到很吃惊。
然而，即便有诸多的问题——旅途的危险、政府模棱两可的态度、许多当地岛民的敌意——有些人还是开始了新的生活。 事实上，如果没有移民，欧洲的经济就会停滞不前。 移民从事的工作都是欧洲日益老龄化的人口不愿意干的。有些移民很快就融入了当地文化，学会了当地的语言，积极投身社会活动，并最终获得了公民权。
意大利是来自发展中国家的新移民的目的地；那里四百万的移民大概占了全国总人口的7%。 而在整个欧洲，这个数字接近12%；一些北部的国家，例如德国、法国和英国，接纳大规模移民已经有50年之久。 虽然各国的历届政府都试图控制移民的流入，但收效甚微。 简而言之，移民是无法改变的现实，“旧大陆”（欧洲人有时候这样称呼它）不仅历来都是多元文化的社会，如今也是个多种族、多民族的社区。
新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
to it) is today a multi-ethnic community, as well as the multicultural society it has always been.
Unit6-1
Last man down: The fireman's story 最后撤出的人：消防员的故事 11 September 2001 9:59 AM 2001年9月11日上午9时59分
1 It came as if from nowhere.
2 There were about two dozen of us by the bank of elevators on the 35th floor of the north tower of the World Trade Center. We were firefighters,
mostly, and we were in various stages of exhaustion. Some guys were sweating like pigs. Some had their turnout coats off, or tied around their waists. Quite a few were breathing heavily. Others were raring to go. All of us were taking a beat to catch our breaths, and our bearings, figure out what the hell was going on. We'd been at this thing, hard, for almost an hour, some a little bit less, and we were nowhere close to done. Of course, we had no idea what there was left to do, but we hadn't made a dent.
3 And then the noise started, and the building began to tremble, and we all froze. Dead solid still. Whatever there had been left to do would now have to wait. For what, we had no idea, but it would wait. Or, it wouldn't, but that wasn't the point. The point was that no one was moving. To a man, no one moved, except to lift his eyes to the ceiling, to see where the racket was coming from. As if we could see clear through the ceiling tiles for an easy
answer. No one spoke. There wasn't time to turn thought into words, even though there was time to think. For me anyway, there was time to think, too much time to think, and my thoughts were all over the place. Every possible worst-case
它似乎是从天而降。
在世贸中心北塔35层的一组电梯旁，当时大约有20多个人。 我们中绝大多数是消防员，个个都差不多精疲力竭了。 有的人大汗淋漓，有的脱掉了他们的消防战斗服，或是把它们扎在腰间。 有好几个人大口地喘着粗气。 其他人迫不及待地想要离开这儿。 我们所有的人都停了下来，想喘口气，清醒一下头脑，搞明白到底出了什么事。 我们已经在这儿拼命战斗了差不多一个小时了，有些人时间稍微短一点儿，可我们根本看不见哪里是尽头。 当然，我们也不知道自己还能干点儿什么，没有一点儿进展。
接着传来一阵巨大的响声，整个大楼开始颤动起来，我们都愣住了。 站在那儿一动不动。 不管本来要做什么，现在都只能等一下了。 可要等什么呢？我们不知道，但是还得等。 或许我们不用等，可是问题不在这儿。 问题是大家都站在那儿一动不动。 所有的人中间没有一个人动，只是有人抬头看了看天花板，想搞清楚这巨大的声响到底是从哪儿传来的。 好像我们都能透过天花板，很容易就找到答案似的。 没有人开口说话。 即便是有时间思考，我们也没有时间把思维转变成语言。 不管怎么说，我还有时间思考，有太多时间去想了，我思绪万千。 我想到了每一个可能发生的最糟糕的情况，还有一些别的事情。 大楼在剧烈摇晃着，像地震了似的，也
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新标准大学英语综合教程3课文与翻译
scenario, and a few more besides. The building was shaking like in an
earthquake, like an amusement park thrill ride gone berserk, but it was the rumble that struck me still with fear. The sheer volume of it. The way it coursed right through me. I couldn't think what the hell would make a noise like that. Like a thousand runaway trains speeding towards me. Like a herd of wild beasts. Like the thunder of a rockslide. Hard to put it into words, but whatever the hell it was it was gaining speed, and gathering force, and getting closer, and I was stuck in the middle, unable to get out of its path.
4 It's amazing, the kind of thing you think about when there should be no time to think. I thought about my wife and my kids, but only fleetingly and not in any kind of
life-flashing-before-my-eyes sort of way. I thought about the job, how close I was to making deputy. I thought about the bagels I had left on the kitchen counter back at the firehouse. I thought how we firemen were always saying to each other, \\knew how it started, or when I'd picked up on it myself, but it was part of our shorthand. Meaning, no matter how big this fire is, there'll be another one bigger, somewhere down the road. We'll make it through this one, and we'll make it
through that one, too. I always said it, at big fires, and I always heard it back, and here I was, thinking I would never say or hear these words again, because there would never be another fire as big as this. This was the big one we had all talked about, all our lives, and if I hadn't known this before—just before these
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像是游乐园里惊耸狂奔的过山车，可真正让我胆颤心惊的是这巨大的轰隆声。 这声音实在是太大了。 好像直接从我的身体中飞快地穿了过去。 我真想不出来是什么东西会发出如此大的响声。 好像一千辆失控了的火车朝我疾速驶来。 好像一群狂奔着的野兽。 又好像是山崩时发出的巨大轰鸣声。 太难用语言来形容了，但不管这该死的声音是什么，此刻它传得越来越快，声音越来越大，离我们越来越近，而我被困在其中，没有办法逃脱。
真是奇怪，这种时候你应该是没有时间思考的，可是你满脑子都在想着那些事。 我想到了老婆和孩子，只是在脑海里一闪而过，并不是把自己的人生都回顾了一番那样。 我想到了工作，我离当上副队长只有一步之遥了。 我想到了放在消防队厨柜上的面包圈。 我想起我们消防员平常总互相打趣说：“在大火中见吧。” 或者是“我们肯定会在大火中碰面的。” 我不知道这种说法是怎么来的，或者我自己是从什么时候开始说起这种话来的，但这就是我们的暗语。 意思是不管这场火有多大，以后在别处还会有比这更大的。 我们能安然无恙地度过这场火，也会安然无恙地度过下一场火。 遇到一场大火时，我总是这么说，也总听别人这么说，可现在，我呆在这儿，想着自己再也不会说这样的话了，也不会再听到别人这么说了，因为再也不会有比这更大的火了。 这会是我们大家一辈子都在说的那场大火，如果以前——就在这一个个令人胆战心惊的瞬间之前——我没有认识到这一点的话，现在这浑厚的、不祥的响声印证了这一点。