发布时间 : 星期三 文章高考复习（句子成分，简单句，并列句）更新完毕开始阅读
8．这项工程持续了4年。
The project .( ) 9．一个农民来到一个妇女家。
A farmer a woman's house.( ) 10．这种事每个晚上都发生。 It .( ) 11．他们正在吃早饭。
They .( ) 12．我希望不久收到到你的来信。
I from you soon.( ) 13．她不喜欢乘飞机旅行。
She by air.( ) 14．他们教我们汉语。
They .( ) 15．记者们把它们交给了编辑。
Reporters the editor.( ) 16．请把信拿给我好吗？
Would you please ？( ) 17．他们打算将入口大厅涂为白色。
They are going to the entrance hall .( ) 18．我不会让你走的。 I won't . 19．父亲看见他坐在一些鸡蛋上。
His father him on some eggs. 20．我该把他留在家中吗？
Shall I him ？( )
简单句、并列句及复合句
学习擂台 一）句子按照用途来分类
种 类 陈述句 类 型 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 疑问句 特殊疑问句 选择疑问句 We love our motherland. They don’t go to work on Sundays. Are you a worker? Haven’t you seen the film? Who is the man? When do you watch TV? What are they doing now? Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French. 例 句 反意疑问句 祈使句 肯定句 否定句 what + 名词 how + 形容词感叹句 或副词 how +句子 How + adj. + a (an) + n.=What a(an)+adj. +n They are going to the airport, aren’t they? You haven’t finished your homework, have you? Be sure to get there at eight. Don’t worry. I’ll help you out. What great changes we have had these years! What a fine day it is! How brave he is! How hard they are working! How time flies! How nice a boy (he is) !=What a nice boy (he is)! 二）句子按照句子的结构用途来分类
1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)的句子。
He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 课堂练习
请写出简单句的五种基本句型
① ② ③ ④ ⑤
注:其他各种句子都是在简单句的五种基本句型这一种基础扩展、变化或省略而构成。
2) 并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright ; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
◆并列句的分类
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句 1、联合并列句
常用并列词是and, not only?but also?, neither?nor?, then, or, either?or?, otherwise等连接。 Use your head, and you’ll find a way. Hurry up, or you'll miss the train. 2、转折并列句
常用的连词有but/yet, however, , while/whereas(而), nevertheless（然而不过），still（可是）等。
The film is not perfect , still it’s good这部电影不完美，可是还不错 He wants to be a writer while I want to be a doctor. 3、因果并列句
表示因果关系,常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。 I was late, so we went home.
提示：在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中, 当前后两部分间为承接关系时, 用and;前后意思为相反关系时, 用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句, 但必须将and 或or 去掉. 如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time. 注意：because和so; although, though和but 不能连用
3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。复合句常由从属连词引导（还有关系代词和关系副词引导）
The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。（同位语从句） A man who doesn't learn from others can't achieve much. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。（定语从句） The film had begun when we got to the cinema.（状语从句）
◆复合句的分类
复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。复合句常由从属连词引导（还有关系代词和关系副词引导）这里不再多说，在以后教材中会有专题学习 补充知识点：
并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。 从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句，形成复杂句中的从属分句。 大致可分为三大类：
1）、that （无词义，不做成分）
if，whether （表达是否的意义，但不做句子成分）
2）、连接代词：who，whom，whose，what，which，whatever, whoever, whichever（有词义，在句子中可作主语、表语、宾语）
3）、连接副词：when，where，why，how，how 课堂练习
判断下列句子是简单句还是并列句和复合句 1. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 2. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. 3. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. 4. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
归纳总结
①我们知道简单句是含有一 和 的句子，凡是符合简单句的五种基本句型的都可以判断为简单句
②如果句子可以看做 “简单句+ +简单句”这种整体结构的是并列句
③如果句子可以看是“主句+ +从句”的或者“从属连词+ +主句”的是复合句 所以，区别并列句和简单句一般看 请结合下面的句子分析：
1．Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. 我在英国上了一年的中学，那是一段我非常开心、非常兴奋的经历。
2．We also had different students in some classes，so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.
上某些课的时候，我们班上的同学也不一样，所以对我来说记住所有人的长相和名字可是一件难事。
3．I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school. 我发现这里的家庭作业不像我以前在原来学校时那么繁重。
4．I did not realize schools in the UK are so different from schools in China until I read your article.
判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 3. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning
and come back home at seven in the evening
课堂练习
1. Train as hard as you can ____ you'll win the swimming competition. A. then B. but C. and D. or 2. （2010·全国卷I·T33） We haven’t discussed yet _________ we are going to place our new furniture.
A. that B. which C. what D. where 3. （2010·江苏卷·T35）—— I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. —— That’s _______ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. A. where B. how C. when D. what 4. （2010·江苏卷·T32）The newly-built cafe, the walls of _______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
A. that B. it C. what D. which 5. （2010·湖南卷·T28） I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ------I met in the English speech contest last year. A. who B. where C. when D. which 6. （2010·山东卷·T24）That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 7. （2010·全国卷I·T25） Mary made coffee _________ her guests were finishing their meal. A. so that B. although C. while D. as if 8. （2010·全国卷I·T30）The little boy won’t go to sleep _________ his mother tells him a story． A. or B. unless C. but D. whether 9. (2010·全国卷II·T7)Tom was about to close the windows _____his attention was caught by a bird. A. when B. if C. and D. till