发布时间 : 星期三 文章A级考试题型详解更新完毕开始阅读
① 先行词前面有形容词最高级或序数词时；
② 先行词前有all,no,every,the same,the only等修饰时；
③ 先行词为little,much,any,everything,something,anything,nothing等不定代词时。
c) 引导定语从句的关系副词有：when,why,where。
例The reason why I can’t come is that I am having a headache. d) 非限定性定语从句和先行词之间有逗号隔开。 e) 在such...as 结构中，as 引导定语从句。
例It wasn’t such a good book as he had described.
●真题分析 2007年6月 18. Once more I have to leave Beijing, I have been living for eight years. A) that B) where C) which D) as
【解析】 该题考查的是where 引导定语从句的用法。where 引导定语从句，经常位于表示地点的先行词后，该句先行词为Beijing，为一地点，因此，正确答案为B。 2）名词性从句
名词性从句包括：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 a) 主语从句
① 含主语从句的复合句，其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 例Whether the sports meeting will be held is not known yet. 注：whether可以引导主语从句，但是if不可以。
② that和wh-型连接副词引导的主语从句可转换为it做形式主语的句型，从句的性质和意义不变。
例That she survived the accident is a miracle.=It is a miracle that she survived the accident. b) 宾语从句
① 引导宾语从句的that可以省略；但it做形式宾语时，引导宾语从句的that不能省略
例We promised them (that) we would give them further information soon. I’ll see to it that there are enough tickets for you. ② whether和if 都可以引导宾语从句，表示 “是否”。两者间的区别在于：只有whether后才可以紧接or not；从句中有or时，只能用whether；no doubt 后可以接有that引导的从句，doubt后常接whether，而不接that或if 引导的从句；在介词后，或在带to的动词不定式前，只能用whether，不能用if。 例I don’t care whether it rains or not.
A kid raised the question of whether there is life on other planets.
●真题分析 2007年12月
23. I don’t doubt the stock market will recover from the economic crisis.
A) if B) what C) that D) which
【解析】该题考查的是doubt后宾语从句的用法。doubt后引导宾语从句时，常和 that搭配，意为：怀疑某事发生。此处不可以用whether或which等词来替代that，正确答案为C。 c) 表语从句
表语从句通常对句子的主语起解释说明作用，可接表语从句的联系动词有：be,look,remain,seem,appear等。另外还可以使用the reason... that和it is because...这两种结构来引导表语从句。
例The main problem right now is whether I have enough time. d) 同位语从句
① that引导的同位语从句常跟在以下名词后：
idea,fact,rumor,news,hope,belief,thought,probability,likelihood,evidence等，或在下列短语后：on condition,on the supposition,with the expection,in spite of the fact等。
例The thoughs came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. ② what,when,where,why,how等也可以引导同位语从句。 例The reason why he did so is unknown.
●真题分析 2007年12月
25. News came from the sales manager the new product had been selling well in the local market for three months. A) whoseB) whatC) whichD) that
【解析】该题考查的是同位语从句的引导词that。同位语的先行词为news，但因句子谓语结构较短，而同位语从句较长，因此语序做了调整，将同位语从句置于谓语后面，所以D为正确答案。 3）状语从句
状语从句有表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式等类型的从句。他们分别由不同的从属连词或起从属作用的词或短语引导。掌握状语从句主要掌握各类状语从句的连词。 状语从句类型 时间状语从句 主要关联词 when,whenever,while,as,before,after,since,until,till,once,as soon as,hardly/scarcely/barely?when,no sooner than,the first time,every/each time,immediately,the instant that,the moment,the minute,instantly,etc. where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere,etc. because,as,since,for,now that,in that,seeing that,considering that,for the reason that,by the reason that,not that?but that,etc. so that,in order that,lest,for fear that,in case,etc. 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 目的状语从句 结果状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 比较状语从句 方式状语从句 so,so?that,such?hat,with the result that,etc. if,unless,as/so long as,provided (that),on condition that,suppose that,if only,etc. although,though,as(必须用倒装),while,even if,even though,no matter how/what/when/where,etc. as?as,so?as,than,etc. as,just as,as if,as though,the way,etc. ●真题分析 2007年12月
17. I’ll ask Mr. Smith to ring you up he comes back to the office. A) when B) where C) because D) although 【解析】该题考查的是连词when引导时间状语从句的用法，主从句有时间上的先后关系，因此选择when。where引导地点状语从句，because引导原因状语从句，although引导让步状语从句，不符合题意。
6. 倒装结构 1）全部倒装 表示方向、地点的状语置于句首，而谓语又是表示运动的动词或表示存在的动词时，句子的主谓语通常全部倒装。这类表示方向、地点的词有：up,down,away,here,in,out,off; 表示运动或存在的动词有：go,come,fall,rush,be,stand,lie等。
例Following the roar,out rushed a tiger from the forest. 2) 部分倒装
① 否定词或具有（半）否定意义的词语置于句首做状语时，一般必须采用部分倒装。这类词有：no,never,seldom,little,few,rarely,hardly,nowhere,no longer, no more,not often,not until,not only,at no time,in no way,in/under no circumstances,in no case,on no
account,hardly/scarcely/barely... when,no sooner... than,not only... but also等。 ●真题分析 2007年12月
19. Not until the day before yesterday to give a speech at the meeting. A) he agreed B) does he agree C) he agrees D) did he agree
【解析】该题考查的是not until置于句首时的倒装用法，not until后接时间，放在句首时，句子的谓语需部分倒装。本句谓语为agree to do sth.，为过去时，倒装时需添加did一词置于主语he前面，形成did he agree结构，因此选D。
②“only+副词、介词短语、状语从句”位于句首，即当句首状语由only修饰时，采用部分倒装。
例 Only when he works harder can Tom pass the exam. ③ so...that结构中“so+状语”位于句首，需要部分倒装。
●真题分析 2004年6月
25. So after she learned the good news that she could hardly fall asleep that night.
A) excited the mother was B) was the mother excited C) the mother was excited D) excited was the mother 【解析】 该题考查的是为强调句子表语而进行的倒装。将句子表语excited（本句为形容词作表语）置于句首，主语和谓语要倒装，采用的是“形容词+连系动词+主语”的结构。这里so的和后面的that构成了so...that结构，so修饰excited。答案为D。
④ 由so（neither，nor）指代前一句的内容表示“也是（也不）”的意义时，通常位于句首，并引起倒装。
例Tom can’t speak French. Nor/Neither can Jack. ⑤ 由were，had，should等此开头的虚拟条件句（即省略了if的虚拟条件句），需要倒装。
●真题分析 2003年6月
21. last Friday,he would have got to Paris. A) Would he leave B) Had he left
C) If he is to leave D) If he was leaving
【解析】该题考查的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气倒装。主句用“would have+动词的过去分词”，从句用“had+动词的过去分词”。如果从句中的if省略，助动词had置于句首，从句要部分倒装。因此，正确答案为B。⑥ 由as，though等引导的让步状语从句，必须用倒装。
Strong as he is,he can not lift the big stone.
7. 主谓一致
主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上要与主语保持一致。
1）集合名词做主语时，若指一个整体，谓语动词用单数；若指其中各个组成成员，谓语动词用复数。此类词有：
many,audience,band,class,club,committee,company,couple,crew,crowd,family,firm,group,government,party,public,staff,team等。 例My family have agreed not to exchange gifts this year. 2)只能用复数谓语动词的集合名词有：
cattle,people,police,folk,youth,poultry等。 例The police have not arrested the murder.
3)由两部分物体构成的名词。如：glasses,scissors（剪刀）,gloves,trousers,shoes等。