2018年上海市宝山区高考英语二模试卷

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2018年上海市宝山区高考英语二模试卷

Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

1.(★)

How Much of the Jetsons' World Has Become a Reality?

For most of our readers, The Jetsons may be an unfamiliar name. However, for many American born in or before the 1980s, it is a name we fondly remember. The Jetsons was a popular cartoon that featured a family living in an advanced world (21) people settle in houses built in the sky, work only three days a week and drive flying cars that resemble flying saucers. While sky-high houses and three-day workweeks don't appear to be on the horizon, other visions of the future (22) (turn)into practical realities.

Flying cars have been on the minds of scientists and inventors for decades. They are part of a typical imaging of the future fast-paced and luxurious, (23) (allow)us to speed through the skies. As (24) (see)in The Sky's No longer the Limit, this flight of fancy may soon be a reality in Dubai. Aiming (25) (become)the world's most advanced city, Dubai is currently testing the first-ever flying taxi.

(26) money still exists in its current cash-based form in The Jetsons, people today are looking toward a world where even cash is out-of-date. Bitcoin is a type of digital money that has taken the world by storm. Since its introduction, the money's price (27) (increase)to rates as high as US﹩19,000. This, however, may not predict well for the future of digital currency, as experts warn that Bitcoin is a bubble and (28) crash soon. It's possible that some dreams of the future may still be (29) our reach.

Other more probable technologies already exist, for example, future flying eye hospitals in A Hospital with Wings, unusual-engineered folding paper in Clever Folding and the population of endangered corals(珊瑚)in Lab-Bred Coral to the Rescue, etc. All these show (30) humans are already capable of. So, what else could the future have in store for us?

Section B Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.

2.(★★★★) Computer reads brain activity to find out the music each person is listening to In the experiment, six volunteers heard 40pieces of classical music, rock, pop, jazz, and others. The Neural(神经的)fingerprint of each song on

participants' brain was (31) by the Magnetic Resonance(MR)machine while a computer was learning to identify the brain patterns drawn out by each musical piece. Musical (32) such as tone, volume, rhythm and beat were taken in account by the computer.

After that, researchers expected that the computer would be able to do the (33) way: identify which song participants were listening to, based on their brain activity -a technique known as brain decoding. When faced two options, the computer showed up to 85% (34) in identifying the correct song, which is a great performance, comparing to previous studies.

Researchers then pushed the test even (35) by providing not two but 10options(e.g. one correct and nine wrong)to the computer. In this situation, the computer correctly identified the song in 74% of the decisions. In the future, studies on brain decoding and machine learning will create possibilities of communication (36) any kind of written or spoken language.\,\, researcher from D'Or Institute and PhD student from

Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The study is a result of a (37) between Brazilian researchers and colleagues from Germany, Finland and India. According to Hoefle, brain decoding researches provide (38) to understand neural functioning and interact with it using artificial

intelligence. In the future, he experts to find answers for (39) like\? Is our brain (40) to prefer a specific kind of music?\ A. adapted B. harder C. alternatives D. features E. cooperation F. questions G. accuracy H. captured I. regardless J. opposite K. analyzing

Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

3.(★★)Having a clear picture in mind of what their future will look like can

motivate students to keep going despite the challenges of college life. This (41) seems to be particularly effective for female students from relatively low socioeconomic status(SES)backgrounds says Mesmin Destin of Northwestern

University in the US. College is a time of great opportunity for some, but can be (42) for others. It is often the first time that many students are away from the regular and familiar support of their family and friends. Weak students from lower SES backgrounds often encounter greater financial and psychological challenges than others, and this can lead to (43) and even withdrawal from difficult situations, such as when interacting with their lecturers or taking tests and exams.

Destin and his colleagues wanted to understand if students' (44) to academic challenges improve when they look forward to the future. This idea is

built around the theory of identity-based motivation. It holds that people can take positive action during times of unfavorable conditions when they (45) a successful future for themselves.

\successful future identity may be especially (46) in motivating students who are weak during challenging academic situations to develop a sense of action readiness,\. This involves feeling ready and able to take appropriate action when (47) difficulty.

In two almost identical laboratory experiments-one involving 93female students, the other 185students(including 101women)-- participants were first asked either to write about their past or their future (48) . After their deep thoughts, the participants were filmed during an limited interview with a so-called lecturer, and then had to (49) a difficult academic test. The research team noted whether participants' body language was bold and confident, and measured the amount of effort participants' (50) the academic test. The results were in agreement with the theory of identity - based

motivation. Destin and his team found that having a successful future identity can prevent especially female students from lower SES backgrounds from (51) during challenging academic situations. Specially, lower SES women who wrote about their future identities displayed greater action (52) compared to those who considered their past. They showed more confident body language. It helped them to make more effort to tackle the test, and had an indirect effect on their (53) .

\(54) pathway to enable weak students to effectively navigate everyday stressors,\Destin.\(55) suggest that certain students may benefit from strategies that remind them to image their successful futures before any difficult and important task that they might otherwise be likely to avoid.\

41. A. instruction B. strategy

42. A. disgraceful B. shameful

43. A. hesitation B. intention

44. A. willingness B. options 45. A. destroy B. imagine

46. A. powerful B. upright

47. A. avoiding B. overcoming

48. A. experience B. suffering 49. A. design B. complete

C. challenge

D. psychology

C. harmful

D. stressful

C. responses

D. applications

C. depression D. decision

C. abandon

D. substitute

C. unique

D. ambitious

C. surrendering D. encountering C. success D. failure C. comment D. revise

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