发布时间 : 星期日 文章2019届高考英语总复习（练习）：专题2第7讲助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气（含答案）更新完毕开始阅读
—John went to the hospital alone. ——约翰自己一个人去的医院。
—If he had told me about it, I would have gone with him. ——要是他告诉我，我就陪他去了。
在if引导的虚拟条件句中，条件句的谓语动词中含有had, were, should时，可以把if省略，把had, were, should提到句首，变为倒装句。
Had you(＝If you had) come earlier, you would have caught the early bus. 如果你早点来，就能赶上早班车了。
Were I(＝If I were) twenty now, I would join the army. 如果我现在20岁，我就参军。 2．虚拟语气在含蓄条件句中的用法
有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，被称为含蓄虚拟语气。常见的这类词或短语有： without in case but for otherwise/or
(要是)没有 万一；以防 要不是 否则
We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. 要不是一个电话，我们不可能在一起待一分钟。
其他情况需注意
Ⅰ 示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用
1．(2017·湖北四地七校第一次联考)It is high time that you ____________(consider) that if there were no stress in your life, you would achieve a little.
considered/should consider 解析：在It is high time that...句式中，从句用虚拟语气，即：谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形。
2．(2015·天津卷)I wish I ____________(be) at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.
had been 解析：wish引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反用had done形式表达。
3．(2017·湖北华大联盟高三2月质检)I suggest that the school organizes a cooking-learning activity to teach students to prepare some delicious food.____________________ organizes→organize 解析：句中动词suggest表建议，其后跟从句时，从句谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，其中should可以省略。
4．Most citizens in Hong Kong strongly insisted that those who attacked the police with
violence were put into prison.____________________
were→be 解析：句意：大多数香港市民坚决要求那些用暴力袭击警察的人被关进监狱。insist作“坚持，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句的谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”，这里those与put之间存在动宾关系，所以用be put。
Ⅱ通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读
1．wish后面的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望，其谓语动词构成形式如下表：
虚拟语气 与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 从句谓语动词 过去式(be动词一般用were) had＋过去分词 would/could/might＋动词原形 I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky. 我希望我是只小鸟，能在天空自由飞翔。
I wish (that) I had met that film star yesterday. 我多希望昨天见到了那个影星。
2．在表示要求、建议、命令等的动词后的宾语从句中，常用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。常见的此类动词有： 一坚持：insist 二命令：order，command
四建议：suggest，advise，propose，recommend 五要求：require，request，demand，desire，urge
It is strongly recommended that the machines(should) be checked every year. 强烈建议将这些机器每年检查一次。
3．在would rather后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语也常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词构成形式如下表：
虚拟语气 与现在事实相反 与将来事实相反 与过去事实相反 I would rather they didn’t hear of the news. 我宁愿他们没有听到这个消息。
I would rather I hadn’t told him the bad news. 我宁愿我没有告诉他那个坏消息。
4．在It’s important/strange/natural/necessary...that...sb. (should) do... It is necessary that he (should) sort out the information for my reference. 他有必要整理些信息供我参考。
从句谓语动词 过去式(be动词一般用were) had＋过去分词
5．当表示建议、提议、命令、要求等的名词作主语时，其表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”。常见的这类名词有： advice decision demand desire idea order proposal request recommendation suggestion
建议 决定 要求 渴望 想法 命令 提议 要求 建议 建议
We followed his advice that we (should) ask our teacher for help. 我们接受了他的我们应该向老师求助的建议。
6．even if/though, as if/though等引导的让步状语从句、方式状语从句和目的状语从句中，其谓语动词构成形式如下表：
引导词 even if/though as if/though as if/though 从句谓语动词 与if引导的条件从句结构相同 发生在主句动作之前 与主句动作同时发生 发生在主句动作之后 had done 过去时(be用were) would/could/might/ should＋动词原形 She looks as if nothing had happened to her. 她看起来好像什么事都没发生似的。
7．It is(high/about) time (that)．.. sb. did/should do sth... It is high time that you set/should set aside some time to think about your future. 该到你留出一些时间思考未来生活了。
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Ⅰ 单句语法填空
1．(2017·浙江宁波九校联考)So you ____________ pay attention to sleeplessness. must/should 解析：根据句意可知，此处为给别人提出建议，所以填must/should，表示“务必/应当”。
2．(2017·浙江温州普通高中8月模拟)I rewired the house and lowered the light switches so that Paul ____________ reach things.
could 解析：根据so that可知，此处表示结果，意为“这样保罗就能够够到了”，故填could。
3．(2017·江西师大附中等五校联考)It has been accepted that all the students ____________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus. shall 解析：在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、制度，应用shall。
4．(2017·浙江杭州地区七校模拟)When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I ____________(answer) your call.
had answered 解析：句意：当你给我打电话的时候，我正在开会。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。wish后的从句中用虚拟语气，根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用had done形式。
5．(2017·天津七校联考)I was ill that day, or I ____________(take) part in the sports meet.
would have taken 解析：由句中or可知此处为含蓄条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设，故用would have done结构。
6．I should not have laughed if I ____________(think) you were serious.
had thought 解析：句意：如果我(当时)认为你是认真的，我就不会笑了。主句中谓语动词使用should not have laughed，表明与过去的事实相反，从句谓语动词应该使用had done形式。
7．(2017·天津卷)My room is a mess, but I ____________ not clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.
need 解析：由后面的“I can do it in the morning.”可知，此处表示“没必要今晚打扫”，故need not符合语意。
8．(2017·东北三校联考)The order came that the medical supplies ____________(send) to the earthquake-stricken area soon.
(should) be sent 解析：表示建议、要求、命令等的名词suggestion，order，request，advice等的表语从句、同位语从句中谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形。
Ⅱ 单句改错
1．(2017·南昌十校二模)As a result，I suggest we are given less homework and more time for out-of-classroom activities.Only in this way can we live a happy and healthy life.____________________
are→be 解析：虚拟语气错误。suggest在此处表示“建议”，因此后跟的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”形式，且should可以省略。故此处应把are改为be。
2．(2017·郑州第三次预测)He became very angry, but I dared not to tell him about the game.____________________
删除to 解析：考查情态动词。dare既可以作情态动词又可以作实义动词。dare的过去式为dared，此处其前没有用助动词，说明dare在此用作情态动词，故后跟动词原形。
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I should available any time after school next week.____________________