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2010高考二轮复习英语学案
专题八 非谓语动词和独立主格结构
【典例精析】
1. （08北京）____ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.
A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen
【解题】A非谓语动词see构成的短语与句子的主语I即其逻辑主语之间是主动关系,用在句首,中间与句子用逗号分开,表示伴随情况,用作伴随状语,因此用现在分词。
2.(08全国卷I)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good ____.
A. to be breathed B. to breathe C. breathing D. being breathed 【解题】B在主系表结构中,当表语形容词为good, light, heavy, difficult等时,其后常用不定式作状语,表示时间,原因,结果等,且常用主动形式表示被动意义,因此选B。此处为特殊情况。 3.(08北京)----Did the book give the information you needed? ----Yes. But ____ it, I had to read the entire book.
A. to find B. find C.to be finding D. finding
【解题】 A 非谓语动词短语与主句之间用逗号隔开,作状语。根据句意:为了找到需要的信息,我不得不看完整本书的内容,表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的状语,且此处不表示动作正在进行,因此用一般式,选A。 4.（09湖南）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it . A. reusing
B. reused
C. reuses
D. to be reused
【解析】D 考查动词不定时的用法。句意为：现在人们有时把他们的废物分开，以便很容易被重复利用。重新再利用是指将来发生的动作，而且是被动的。故选D。
5.（09江西）_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.
A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given
【解析】D 考查非谓语动词。如果把句子补充完整就不难看出：If they are given the right kind of training , 可知主语they 即these teenager soccer players与give 之间是被动的关系，所以用过去分词。根据主、从句主语一致可省略从句主语的原则，连词if 也可省，所以得出given the right kind of training , these teenager soccer players……
6.（09江西）The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced
【解析】B 考查非谓语动词的用法。 现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰new laws ,相当于which forces ……...
7.（09海南）The children all turned_____the famous actress as she entered the classroom. A. looked at
B. to look at C. to looking at D. look at
【解析】B。 句意为：当那位著名的女演员走进了教室，所有的孩子都转过头去看她。 turn to 表示“转向，求助”的意思。
8.(09海南) Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ? A. taking
B. take
C. taken
D. to take
【解析】C。 考查with +宾语+宾语补足语的用法。句意为：现在,我们已经讨论了问题,是人们最满意的决定？ take 与the decisions之间存在的关系是动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动 9.（09山东）We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding 【解析】A 考查非谓语动词的用法，由next month可知时间是在将来，party是被举行，故选A。 10（09陕西）I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken
【解析】D 考查非谓语动词。此处非谓语动词做remember的宾语，而remember后用非谓语动词做宾语时，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的动作已经完成，也可用动词不定式，表示的动作还未发生，根据后文的saw可知此处非谓语动词动作已经完成，且与逻辑主语是被动关系，用v-ing的被动式，选D。
11.（09福建） not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding
B. Reminded
C. To remind D. Having reminded
【解析】B 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语the manager，非谓语动词与句子主语是被动关系，且其表示的动作在谓语动词set out之前已经发生，非谓语动词用过去分词，选B。 12.（09福建）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy. A. marking B. marked
C. having marked D. being marked
【解析】A 考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词做状语，其后有宾语，故与逻辑主语是主动关系，且表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行，用现在分词，选A。
13.（09湖南）When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere. A. would open
B. opened
C. had opened
D. was to open
【解析】D 考查非谓语动词。动词不定时的用法。句意为：当他要打开门的时候,他发现他的钥匙不见了。动词不定时表示将要发生的动作。
14.（09湖南）9．At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future. A. living; wondering C. lived; wondered
B. lived; wondering D. living; wondered
【解析】A 考查分词的用法。句意为：29岁的大卫,是一个工人,住在一间小公寓在波士顿附近,不知怎么办关于他的未来。现在分词作定语修饰a worker，and 为并列连词，连接相同的成份。
【专题突破】依据非谓语动词各个不同类型的考查方式和特点。可以采用非谓语动词和独立主格结构的“五步骤”做题法；即非谓语动词的“五步骤”做题法：1.牢记核心意义；2.分析句子成分；3.寻找逻辑主语；4.了解时间关系；5.分析特殊情况。独立主格结构的“五步骤”：1. 认识独立主格结构，建立独立主格结构概念；2. 认清独立主格结构的来源，理解独立主格结构的功能；3. 从逻辑主语的不同认识分词和独立主格结构作状语的区别；4.全面掌握独立主格结构的功能；5. 熟悉独立主格结构的不同类型，全面掌握独立主格结构。当然并非每道题都要全面考虑以上\五步骤\ 有时只需通过一两个步骤即可得到答案。我相信,只要同学们在训练中严格按照这种思路去分析,就可以练就一双火眼金睛,那么,再难的考查非谓语动词和独立主格结构的试题都是可以快速得到答案的。
1. I don’t know whether you happen ____ it, but I’m going to study in the U.S.A. this September. A. to be heard B. to be hearing C. to hear D. to have heard
2. _____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.
A. Tiring; to admire B. Being tired; admiring C. Tired; to admire D. Tired; admiring 3. Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run
4. He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be put C. to put D. putting 5. _____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.
A. Having stolen B. Having been stolen C. Stolen D. Stealing 6. To answer correctly is more important than _____.
A. that you finish quickly B. finishing quickly C. to finish quickly D. finish quickly
7. You will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go. A. to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising
8. The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river. A. to have discovered B. to have been discovered C. to discover D. having been discovered 9. —— Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher?
——Yes. I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener. A. to change; to be B. to change; being C. changing; being D. changing; to be 10. Mr. Green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.
A. to do B. to have done C. to be doing D. to have been doing
11. Seeing the soldiers well _____ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction. A. prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. having prepared 12.The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。 A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 13.Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.
A. permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting 14.The speech ______ a lively discussion started.
A.being delivered B. was delivered C.be delivered D. having been delivered
15.______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.
A.Other things being equal B.Were other things equal C.To be equal to other things D.Other things to be equal 16.All things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A.considered B.be considered C.considering D.having considered 参考答案：
1.【解析】D happen to have done sth 为不定式的完成时, 表示一个已经完成了的动作,强调对于现在的影响.
2.【解析】C tired and out of breath为“形容词和介词短语”在句中作状语。stop to do sth. 停下来去做另外一件事
3.【解析】B非谓语动词作宾语补足语时,选项A、D表示将来可能发生的动作;B表示宾语持续性动作,根