发布时间 : 星期一 文章新视野大学英语综合教程4的Book4-unit1-2答案详解更新完毕开始阅读
war toll战争伤亡人数
take a heavy toll造成重大伤亡（或损失）
The earthquake took a heavy toll on several villages. take a/its toll造成损失（或危害、伤亡等） The flood took a toll of 3,000,000 lives.
2. v. sound (a large bell) slowly at regular intervals
Unit Two
? lucrative: adj. producing much money; profitable
This is a lucrative business.
? manufacture: vt.
1. make goods on a large scale using machinery This firm manufactures cars. 2. invent; make up
You’ll have to manufacture some kind of excuse.
? approximately: adv. more or less exactly
approximate: adj. fairly correct or accurate but not completely so
The approximate number of demonstrators in front of the municipal office building was 900.
? eliminate: vt. remove, esp. sb./sth. that is not wanted or needed; get rid of
She has been eliminated from the swimming race. Pattern: eliminate sth. from sth.
Can we ever eliminate hunger from the world one day?
? in the air: in the earth’s atmosphere; uncertain, not yet decided
Hundreds of birds suddenly rose in the air.
Our plans are still in the air. 我们的计划尚未确定。
? start up: begin or begin working, running, happening, etc.
Put the key in the ignition and turn it to start the car up.
? alert:
1. vt. warn sb. that there may be danger, trouble, etc. The policeman alerted me to the danger. 2. adj. attentive; watchful Pattern: be alert to danger
The squirrels are quite alert to dangers.
Pattern: alert sb. to sth.
CF: alert 指思维敏捷而高度集中，注意着可能发生的事件，尤其是危险的、恐怖的事件，并迅速做出反应。例如：A hunting-dog must be alert.
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attentive 强调能够把注意力集中于某事上而不分心、不走神。例如： I wish you would be more attentive to what your teacher has told you.
3. n. a condition or period of heightened watchfulness or preparation for action Pattern: on the alert
The hunters are on the alert for wolves.
? prototype: n. the first model or design of sth. from which other forms are copied
or developed
prototype equipment prototype model
NB: proto- 前缀，表示“最初的，原始的”，例如： protocluster 原星团 (cluster 丛)
protogalaxy 原星系 ( galaxy 星系, 银河) protovirus 原始病毒 (virus 病毒)
? monotonous: adj. dull and never changing or varying; constant and boring
The teacher’s voice was so monotonous that it sent me to sleep.
? hazard: n. a thing that can be dangerous or cause damage; a danger or risk
There are many hazards in a journey across Africa. Collocation:
at all hazards不顾一切风险; 在任何情况下 in hazard在危险中, 受到威胁 by hazard偶然, 碰运气 be on the hazard在危险中
? vibrate: v. (cause sth. to) move rapidly and continuously backwards and
forwards; shake
Tom’s heavy footsteps upstairs made the old house vibrate.
frequency: n. the rate at which sth. happens or is repeated, usu. measured over a particular period of time
This radio signal has a frequency of 800,000 cycles per second. convert: v. change from one form or use to another pattern: convert sth. to/into sth.
I want to convert some Hong Kong dollars into American dollars. Coal can be converted to gas.
? correlate: vt. have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects
or depends on another
Research workers find it hard to correlate the two sets of figures. Pattern: correlate sth. with sth.
They are trying to find out if these behavior patterns correlate with particular changes
in diet.
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? drastically: adv. in a drastic way
drastic: adj. having a strong or violent effect
Drastic measures are needed to improve the performance of the company.
? application: n. the action or an instance of putting a theory, discovery, etc. to
practical use
The application of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods usually increases efficiency.
? be poised to do: be ready to take action at any moment
The automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign.
? mount: v. fix (sth.) in position for use, display or study; put (sth.) into place on a
support
Mounting the engine in this way was in improvement.
She mounted the photograph on the back of her diary book. 她把照片裱贴在她的日记本上。
? magnetic: adj.
1. having the properties of a magnet The iron has lost its magnetic force. Cotton is not magnetic.
2. having an unusual power or ability to attract He has magnetic personality. 他有吸引人的个性。
? take control of: control
The new manager didn’t know how to take control of his company.
? bunch:
1. v. group together (both active and passive)
The children were all bunched together in the corner of the room. 2. n. a group of items or individuals gathered or placed together A bunch of grapes A bunch of keys A bunch of flowers
? incorporate: vt. make (sth.) part of a whole
His newly published book incorporates his earlier essay. He was incorporated a member of the college.
? decrease: v. become or make sth. smaller or fewer
They are making further efforts to decrease military spending. Opposite: increase
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CF: decrease, reduce & lessen
这几个词都是动词，都有“减少”之意。
decrease 一词使用广泛，特指数量的减少。例如： Water consumption had to decrease to avoid a drought.
reduce 词义很广。既可指大小、数量、范围或程度的缩 小，也可指等级、地位或经济状况的下降。例如：
They reduced the size of the apparatus by two-thirds.
This has greatly reduced the threat presented by typhoons.
lessen 是比较正式的用词，用于客观地表示程度、价值或数量的减少，而不带任何偏见。例如：
Production in the textile industry has also lessened sharply.
The value of money lessens during inflation.
? expansion: n. the process of becoming greater in size, extent or importance
Under heat, the metal undergoes considerable expansion. These are plans for the expansion of our school building.
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