发布时间 : 星期四 文章稠油油藏提高采收率技术进展更新完毕开始阅读
稠油油藏提高采收率技术进展
张朝晖
摘 要
经过上个世纪对常规稀油资源的过度开采和消耗，使得常规稀油储量日益减少。在这样的大背景下，非常规石油资源以其储量巨大、分布集中等特点，随着勘探开发技术的日趋进步，在石油工业中的地位和作用越来越重要。研究稠油油藏提高采收率技术进展，为提高稠油采收率技术的开发提供新的思路，这对加快我国提高采收率技术研究步伐有着极其重要的推动作用。本文通过对国内外稠油基本概况及提高稠油采收率技术进展的调研，对蒸汽吞吐、蒸汽驱、火烧油层、蒸汽辅助重力泄油、蒸汽萃取、化学驱、稠油出砂冷采及利用微生物开采等技术进行了系统的探讨。分析了各种方法的采油机理和工艺，总结了它们的特点及所适用油藏的标准。结合现场实施效果，发现问题，提出解决问题的方案。同时，对目前稠油开采领域一些正在发展中的声波采油、人工地震等采油技术进行了归纳和总结。
关键词：稠油油藏；采收率；EOR
ABSTRACT
The excessive exploitation and consumption of light oil resources in the last century makes conventional light oil reserves dwindling. On the such background, non-conventional oil resources, which is enormous and focus, has become increasingly important along with the increasing exploration and development technology. The research on EOR technology of heavy oil reservoir provides a new concept of heavy oil exploration, which accelerates the pace of the research on technology in China.This paper investigated the basic profile of heavy oil and the development of heavy oil recovery technology at home and abroad, discussed the technology of steam stimulation, steam flooding, combustion in situ, steam-assisted gravity oil spills, steam extraction, chemical flooding, sand well cold production of heacy oil and the use of micro-organisms, analysed production mechanism and process of various methods, summed up the characteristics and the applicable standard of the reservoir. Combined with the implementation at site, problems were identified and solutions are also proposed to solve them. Meanwhile, it summarized and summed up some current methods of heavy oil field being developed, such as acoustic production technology, artificial seismic technology etc.
Key words: heavy oil ; oil recovery; EOR
目 录
前 言 ......................................................... 1 第1章 稠油油藏概述 ........................................... 3 1.1 稠油的定义及划分标准 ..................................... 3 1.1.1 稠油的定义 ............................................ 3 1.1.2 国内外稠油的划分标准 .................................. 3 1.2 稠油的特点 ............................................... 4 1.3 国内外稠油油藏分布 ....................................... 4 1.3.1 国外稠油油藏分布 ...................................... 4 1.3.2 国内稠油油藏分布 ...................................... 5 1.4 国内外提高稠油采收率技术开发情况 ......................... 5 1.5 本章小结 ................................................. 6 第2章 提高稠油采收率的主要方法和机理 ......................... 7 2.1 注蒸汽热采技术 ........................................... 7 2.1.1 蒸汽吞吐 .............................................. 7 2.1.2 蒸汽驱 ................................................ 9 2.1.3 注蒸汽热采技术存在问题及解决办法 ..................... 10 2.2 火烧油层技术 ............................................ 13 2.2.1 火烧油层采油机理 ..................................... 13 2.2.2 火烧油层采油技术工艺 ................................. 14 2.2.3 火烧油层采油技术进展 ................................. 14 2.2.4 火烧油层采油技术特点 ................................. 15 2.2.5 火烧油层技术油藏筛选标准 ............................. 15 2.2.6 火烧油层采油技术存在问题及解决办法 ................... 16 2.3 蒸汽辅助重力泄油技术 .................................... 16 2.3.1 蒸汽辅助重力驱采油机理 ............................... 16 2.3.2 蒸汽辅助重力驱采油技术工艺 ........................... 16 2.3.3 蒸汽辅助重力驱采油技术进展 ........................... 17