发布时间 : 星期四 文章[精品]汉译英更新完毕开始阅读
?“Ah Q, may you die sonless!” sounded the little nun’s voice tearfully in the distance. ?10.如今便赶着躲了，料也躲不及，少不得要使个金蝉脱壳的法子。
?Well, it’s too late to hide now, I must try to avoid suspicion by throwing them off the scent…
?翻译下列各句
?1.她好咯咯地笑着说：―这叫画饼充饥！‖ ?2.失败者成功之母。 ?3.人怕出名猪怕壮。
?4.他来上学，不过是三天打鱼两天晒网。 ?5.千里送君，终有一别。 ?6.东风压倒西风。
?7.打蛇先打头，擒贼先擒王。 ?8.他对这里的情况了如指掌。 ?9.木已成舟，也只好如此了。
?10.事实胜于雄辩，水落自然石出。
?1.She chuckled and commented, ―That‘s called ?Drawing a cake to satisfy your hunger.‘‖ ?2.Failure is the mother of success.
?3.Fame is as fatal to men as fattening to pigs.
?4.He enrolled as a student, but he was like the fisherman who fishes for 3 days and then suns his net
for two.
?5. You may escort a guest a thousand miles, but the parting will come in the end.
?6. The East wind prevails over the West wind./ The East wind subdues the West wind.
?7. If you want to kill a snake you must first hit it on the head and if you want to catch a band of
robbers you must first catch their leader.
?8. He knows everything here like the back / palm of his hand. ?9. What’s done is done, and can’t be undone.
?10. Facts speaks louder than words and the truth will prevail in the end.
第二部分 句子的翻译
?第六章 主语的确定
? 汉译英中确定主语的方法有三：以原句主语作译文主语；重新确定主语；增补主语。
?一、以原句主语作译文主语
?如果原文有明确的主语，而且该主语有名词或主格人称代词充当时，可以以原主语作译文的主
语。例如：
?1. 他是上海人。
? He comes from Shanghai.
?2. 这所房子是一百多年以前建造的。
? This house was built over a hundred years ago.
?3. 如果不适当地处理，锅炉及机动车辆排出的废气就会造成城市空气污染。
? Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities. ?4. 在周末，青年人双双对对漫步在公园里。
? Young people in pairs and couples ramble about the park on weekends. ?5. 中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。
? China can be counted on. Among other things, it upholds principles and second, it honours
its words.
?6. 人有失误，马有失蹄。
? As a horse may tumble, so a man may make mistakes.
二、重新确定主语
?在很多情况下，我们需要重新确定主语，以保证译文逻辑通顺、行文流畅、语言地道。用来替换原来主语的词，可以是句中其他成分，也可以是另外找的词语。例如：
?1. 他的身材魁梧，生一副大长方脸，嘴巴宽大，肌肤呈着紫檀色。
?He was a giant of a man with a long square face, a wide mouth and a complexion suffused with the
colour of red sandalwood.
?2. 世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。
?a. At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities.
?b. The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. (more idiomatic)
?3. 1964年10月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹，使世界大为震惊。
?a. In October 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world greatly. ?b. China‘s first atomic blast in October 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world. (better) ?4. 车胎又瘪了。
? We‘ve got another flat tire. ?5. 人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。
?a. It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by
pints.
?b. We can‘t judge people from their appearance, just as we can‘t measure the ocean by pints. (Both are good.)
?6. 中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。
?a. The strength, prosperity and development of China will pose no threat to any countries. ?b. A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries. (better) 三、增补主语
在汉语中，句子常常没有明确的主语，翻译这类句子时必须增补主语。增补的原则，一是要推敲语境，二是要考虑英语习惯和行文的需要。 ?1. 起大风了。
? It’s blowing hard.
? (类似句子：下雨了。/ 天快黑了。/12点了。/该下课了。) ?2. 沉默呵，沉默呵！不在沉默中爆发，就在沉默中灭亡。
? Silence, silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence! ?3. 用劳动实现自己的理想，用理想指导自己的劳动。
? You realize your ideals through labour and you guide your labour by ideals. ? 4. 昨天发生了一起车祸。
? There was an accident on the highway (or a road accident) yesterday. （不可说
Yesterday happened a road accident.）
? 5. 端午节吃粽子。
? On the Dragon Boat Festival, people eat zongzi (pyramid-shaped dumplings made of
glutinous rice).
? 6. 两天时间能解决这个难题。
? a. This problem can be solved in two days.
? b. We / You / One / They can solve the problem (come up with a solution to this problem) in
two days.
? 7. 明年5月以前能解决这个难题。
? a. This problem can be solved before / prior to May next year.
? b. A solution to this problem can be found before / prior to next May. 翻译练习
?1. 空旷的山野上，荡起了她甜甜的笑声。
?2.连叫几遍，只见那柳荫里面，咿咿呀呀的，撑出一只船来。 ?3. 主席台上坐着外宾。
?4. 轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多，质量继续有所提高。 ?5. 楼的质量不好。
?1. 空旷的山野上，荡起了她甜甜的笑声。
?In the wilderness, her sweet sounds of laughter rose and fell like waves. ?2.连叫几遍，只见那柳荫里面，咿咿呀呀的，撑出一只船来。
?After a number of these shouts a rowing boat came creaking from under the willows and was
soon near the bank.
?3. 主席台上坐着外宾。
?Sitting on the stage were some foreign guests.
?4. 轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多，质量继续有所提高。
?A) The designs and variety of light industrial and textile products have increased and their quality has continued to improve.
?B) Light industry and textile products are now available in better designs and quality and richer variety.
?5. 楼的质量不好。
?A) The building is not well built.
?B) The quality of the building is poor. 第七章 谓语的确定
?在翻译时，主语与谓语的确定互为因果。在确定译文主语的时候，也应当考虑谓语动词的选择
和大致的句子结构。谓语的选择和确定，一要考虑词义，二要考虑构句的需要。
一、词义的需要
选择谓语动词时，首先要看它能否准确地传达原意，表达是否贴切。比较以下译文： ?1. 中央政府不干预香港特别行政区的事务。
?a. The Central Government has refrained from intervening in the affairs of the HKSAR. (克制自己不去干预)
?b. The Central Government has never intervened in the affairs of the HKSAR.（从来没有干预过，也不打算去干预）
?2. 中国经济将融入世界经济的大潮。
?a. The economy of China will merge into the tide of the world economy. (淹没在。。。) ?b. The economy of China will converge with the tide of the world economy. (融合为一体)
?3. 这事到了现在，还是时时记起。 ?a. Even now, I still often think about this.
?b. Even now, this remains fresh in my memory. (better) ?4. 在世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。
?a. At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities.
?b. The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. (表意更准确，更合乎英语习惯)
?5. 在同新闻界谈话时，上海人使用越来越多的最高级形容词。
?a. When they talk to the press, Shanghai citizens use more and more adjectives of the superlative degree. (客观陈述)
?b. You can hear Shanghai people using more and more adjectives of the superlative degree when they talk to the press. （带有感情色彩）
?6. 我又闲了一个多月啦！
?a. I‘ve been idle for another month now. (中性书面语体)
?b. Another month now and I‘ve had no work.（非正式口语体） ?7. 颐和园(在1900年）遭到八国联军破坏。
?a. The Summer Palace was reduced to ruins by the allied forces of the eight powers.
?b. The Summer Palace suffered ravage in the hands of the allied forces of the eight powers. (Both are
good translation.)
? 二、构句的需要
? 在选择谓语时，要考虑到英语习惯，遵循英语语法，保证主语谓语的人称和数的一致，谓语
动词的时态语态，句子的连贯顺畅，表达地道自然。汉语句法多为意合，结构比较松散，谓语不受主语支配，无时态、性、数变化。这些因素都会对翻译者形成干扰。因此，强化语法意识，增强英语句法概念，对翻译者来说至关重要。
?1. 农业搞好了，农民能自给，五亿人口就稳定了。
?a. If agriculture is in good shape and the peasants self-supporting, then the 500 million people will feel secure. (省略动词are,不符合英语规范。)
?b. If agriculture is in good shape and the peasants are self-supporting, then the 500 million people