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专题十四 复合句
宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句 河北中考五年命题规律及趋势
考查点 年份 题号 考查角度 选项设置 分值 宾语从句 how they are playing/what__they__are__doing 2015 40 /where they 1分 are going/why they are practicing where you buy the tickets/why you like to go 2014 45 引导词和语意 there/if__yo1分 u'd__like__to__come__along/when you watch the match 2013 44 2012 45 引导词和时态 what it is/what it was/where__1分 it__is/where it was what__they__say/what they said/which 1分 they say/which they said 1
when__she__will__come__back/when she came 2011 45 时态和语序 back/when will she come back/when did she come back 定语从句 2011 43 who指代人 who/whom/whose/which 1分 1分 宾语从句为河北近5年中考的必考点。单项选择题对宾语从句的考查侧重其引导词、语序、时态，一般都会涉及至少两个考查点。主要表现在三方面：①语序正确，但引导词和时态不同；②引导词相同，但语序和时态不同；③时态一致，但引导词和语序不同。语句设置多为2个单句，词数为13～14。而且宾语从句通常会出现一些固定的词语，如：I wonder…，Can you tell me…，I didn't understand…等。
定语从句在2012年之前为单项选择的必考点，但2012年之后考纲明确规定单选中不再涉及对定语从句的考查，而是在语篇阅读中渗透对定语从句的考点。
预测2016年河北中考的单项选择必定会出现一道题来考查宾语从句，至少涉及两个考查点。
河北中考重难点突破
宾语从句
【考点抢测】
1．he，more，math，is，than，difficult，English，think
________________________________________________________________________. 2．know，rain，whether，evening，I，it，this，don't
________________________________________________________________________. 3．very，think，your，I，is，nice，dress
________________________________________________________________________. 4．know，I，to，if，come，he，tomorrow，want
________________________________________________________________________. ( )5.—Could you tell me________？ —By searching the Internet. A．how you got the information B．why you got the information C．how did you get the information D．why did you get the information ( )6.I don't know ________ coffee. A．what she is so crazy about B．what is she so crazy about C．why she is so crazy about
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D．why is she so crazy about
( )7.Could you please tell me ________？I have something important to tell him. A．where is Sam B．where Sam is C．what is Sam D．what Sam is
( )8.My pen pal from America is coming to visit me.I'm thinking about ________. A．how I gave her a surprise B．how I will give her a surprise C．whether I planned a trip for her D．whether I will plan a trip for her 【满分点拨】
宾语 从句 构成规则 例句 1.that在从句中作宾语时可以省略；作主语时不能省略 Could you tell me 2．what，when，where，how，if/whether it snows in whatever，whenever，winter in Australia？你能连接词 wherever，who，whom，whose告诉我澳大利亚冬天下雪等特殊疑问词作连接词 吗？ 3．当宾语从句由一般疑问句Please tell me how you go to 变化而来时，连接词用school.请告诉我你怎样去学whether或if，表示“是否” 校的。 语序 从句一律用陈述语序，即主语Do you know where Tom ＋谓语 lives？你知道汤姆住哪儿吗？ 时态 I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.我听说乔昨天去1.主句是现在时，从句根据实北京了。 际情况使用相应时态 I hear Joe will leave for Beijing.我听说乔要去北京了。 Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凯2.主句是过去时，从句使用过特说昨天这个时间她在看电去时的某种形式 视。 Kate said she was going to school soon.凯特说她马上去学校。 3.从句表示的是客观事实、真Miss Hu said that the earth 理、自然现象等时，不管主句goes around the sun.胡老师 使用什么时态，从句都用一般说地球绕着太阳转。 3
现在时
注意：在介词之后，动词不定式之前或在or之前，只用whether，不用if。如：I can't decide whether to buy this bike or not.我不能决定是否买这辆自行车。
状语从句
【考点抢测】
( )1.(2015石家庄40中模拟)—When will your aunt leave for Shanghai? —I don't know，but I'll call you as soon as she ________. A．leaves B．will leave C．left D．leave
( )2.Betty will ring me up when she ________ in Shanghai. A．arrive B．arrives C．arrived D．will arrive
( )3.My brother will travel around the world if he ________ lots of money. A．has B．have C．had D．having
( )4.Some of the students are near-sighted ________ they spend too much time watching TV or playing online games.
A．when B．though C．because D．unless
( )5.You'd better look up the new word in a dictionary ________ you don't know it. A．if B．that C．though D．whether
( )6.I won't take part in Jack's birthday party ________ I am invited. A．unless B．after C．because D．if 【满分点拨】
河北中考对状语从句的考查一般都会和从属连词相结合，主要为在状语从句中考查从属连词的运用与辨析。学生对此部分的学习可与专题五结合。具体用法如下：
状语从句 的分类 从句的引导词 when/while/as(当……时)，时间状 语从句 before(在……之前)，after(在……之后)，since(自从)，not…until(直到……才)，as soon as(一……就) 例句 I was doing my home-work when my mother came in.当我妈妈进来的时候，我正在写作业。 He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才去睡觉。 Unless bad weather stops me，条件状 语从句
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if(如果)，as long as(只要)，I go for a walk every day.unless(除非) 我每天都会去散步，除非遇上坏天气。