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It was raining hard, so they could work in the fields. They could not work in the fields because it was raining hard.

2. Types of sentences (¾ä×ÓÖÖÀà)

1£©Declarative(³ÂÊö¾ä)£¬Interrogative(ÒÉÎʾä)£¬Imperative(Æíʹ¾ä)£¬Exclamatory(¸Ð̾¾ä)

A declarative sentence makes an assertion or a statement. An interrogative sentences asks a question.

An imperative sentence expresses a command or a request. An exclamatory sentence expresses a strong feeling or emotion, such as surprise, pain or joy.

2£©Simple£¬Compound£¬Complex, Compound-Complex Sentences

a. What is a simple sentence ?

A simple sentence has only one subject and one predicate-verb, but it may contain more than one object, attribute or adverbial. What are the features of a simple sentence ?

? ? ?

Short simple sentences are usually emphatic. Simple sentences have special clarity.

Simple sentences provide variety when used with longer sentences.

b. What is a compound sentence?

A compound sentence consists of two or more independent clauses (or simple sentences) related to each other in meaning, and linked by a coordinating conjunction (and,but,or,etc.) or by a semicolon without a conjunction. c. What is a complex sentence ?

A complex sentence contains one main clause and one or more dependent clauses, with a connective word denoting the relation between the two parts.

d. What is a compound-complex sentence?

A compound-complex sentence contains at least two main clauses and at least one dependent clause--- a combination of a compound and a complex sentence. Examples:

To Americans, industriousness, thrift and ambition are positive values. We encourage our children to be competitive, to get ahead, to make money, to acquire possessions. In games and in business alike the aim is to win the game, the trophy, the contract. We go in for labor-saving devices, gadgets, speed and short-cuts. We think every young couple should set up a home of their own, and we pity the couple who must share their home with a parent, let

alone with other relatives. Actually, of course, not all Americans hold all these values, and those who do may hold other, and at times contradictory, values that affect their ways of behaving. In the main, however, the collective expectation of our society is that these are desirable goals, and the individual, whatever his personal inclination, is under considerable pressure to conform. Attention:

Variety in sentence structure is generally required. 3£©Loose,Periodic, and Balanced Sentences

From a rhetorical point of view, sentences are loose£¨ËÉÉ¢¾ä£©, periodic£¨Ô²Öܾ䣩, or balanced£¨¶Ôż¾ä£©. Examples:

She decided to study English though she was interested in music.

Although she was interested in music, she finally decided to study English.

a. What is a loose sentence and periodic sentence ? A loose sentence puts the main idea before all supplementary information; in other words, it puts first things first, and lets the reader know what is mainly about when he has read the first few words. The reverse arrangement makes a periodic sentences: the main

idea is expressed at or near the end of it, and it is grammatically complete until the end is reached.

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--Jane Austen

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