发布时间 : 星期四 文章高考英语语法分类归纳、练习与分析（讲解版）更新完毕开始阅读
高考英语语法分类归纳、练习与分析
一． Tenses and voices
A. 现在完成时: 1)表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。往往含有“已经……”, “已经……了”的意思。 Eg.Don’t think any more about it. I have decided not to help you. I have experienced that before, so I know how to deal with it. 2) 到目前为止已发生的。与so far, up till now, in the past/ last …….days/ years, today, this month/ year 等 “包括现在在内的时间状语”连用。
My brother is an actor. He has appeared in several films so far. Great changes have taken place in this area in the recent years. 3）表示过去开始的动作或状态延续到现在。与for…/ since 连用。 He has worked in the south for ten years/ since ten years ago.
Compare(1):完成进行时表示过去开始的动作一直在进行，直至现在。 He has been working on this project since last month. (2) 过去时态:指发生在过去某段时间内的事。
He once worked in the south for ten years (现在不在南方)
(3) 过去完成时态:指发生在过去某个时间以前的动作或状态。常与by/ by the end of..(到了……的时
候”连用。例如：
1）By the time we got to the theatre, they had sold all the tickets. 2）How many words had you leaned by the end of last year? Practice:
1.It is reported that the president once______ in the Viet Nam’s war for three years from 1966-1970. A. served B. had served C. has served D. was serving 2. ---No one answered when I called at 6 yesterday. ---I ________ to rock music and was absorbed in it.
A listened B was listening C. has listened D. had listened
3.I wasn’t paying attention to what he was talking about, so I am afraid I ___ his speech very well. A. had not understood B. has not understood C. did not understand D. don’t understand 4. I _____ good at table tennis, but I haven’t played it for ages. A. am B. was C. has been D. used to be
5. I _________ where she gets her money all these days.
A. am often wondering B. often wondered C. had often wondered D．have often wondered 6. ---Tell me what _______ while I was absent.
---A thief tried to break into the house when I _______ in your house. A. happened/ stayed B. was happening/ was staying C. happened/ was staying D. was happening/ stayed 7. ---You are always watching TV.
---Only on Sundays. And nobody ______ it but you. A. knows B. has known C. knew D. is knowing
8. When the old man ______ to walk back to his house ,the sun _____ itself behind the mountain. A．started ;had already hidden B．had started ;had already hidden C．had started ;was hiding D．was starting; hid
9. Years ago we didn't know this, but recent science ______ that people who don't sleep well soon get ill. A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing 10. It ______ for weeks before the first cold wave struck the area. A. rained B. was raining C. has rained D. had been raining
Keys:1)a 2)b. 3)c 4)a 5) 过去到现在d 6) c 7)a(经常性) 8)a 9) b 与现在有联系 10)d
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二、 Subjunctive Mood (虚拟语气)
1.It is important that he __________ the college entrance examination.
A. should attend B. will attend C. must attend D. had to attend 8.Don’t come this morning. I would rather you________ the day after tomorrow. A. come B. came C.are to come D. will come
3._________ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the film so often. A.If it is not B.Were it not C. had it not been D. If they were not 4.---Did you meet with the famous space hero YanLiwei? ---________ I had come here earlier!
A.But for B.If not C. For fear D. If only
5.Without electricity human life __________ quite difficult today. A.is B.will be C. would have been D.would be
（分析：1.A虚拟语气的一种，句式It is necessary/strange/important that …should do2.B 3.C had it not been=if it not had been 4. D. If only= I wish 要是… 该多好啊5.D）
三、 非谓语：（to do/ doing / done）
1.To do（to be done） / doing / done 作状语的区别： To do（to be done）：作目的状语，结果状语（特定句型）
Doing（being done, having done ）/done： 作伴随、时间、原因、让步、结果状语等。 1) complete the task ahead of time, they kept working throughout the night.
2) The spy broke into the bank, only find two policemen waiting for him with a gun. 3) He hurried back home, leave piles of work unfinished. 4) Defeat time and again, he still didn’t lose heart. (分析：1)To/ In order to complete 目的 2）only to find 后接to do 形式,表示一种未预料的结果3)leaving
结果 4) Defeated让步）
2.To do（to be done） / doing / done 作定语的区别： To do（to be done）：多表示未完成的动作，和某些特定句型 doing ：（being done）：表示正在进行和经常性的动作 done ：被动,完成的动作和经常性的动作
1） The commander gave an order attack the enemy before dawn. 2） Who were the first people reach American continent. 3） People live in this area feed on rice.
4） Areas strike by a hurricane are usually in a mess before things return to normal.
(分析：1)to attack 未完成 2）to reach特定句型first/ second等序数词之后 3)living 主动经常性 4) struck/ stricken被动、经常性）
3.To do／to be done 与 to have done / to have been done: 后者表示动作发生在主动词之前。 1) At the moment they are preparing for the concert hold in a fortnight time. 2) The novel is reported translate into German already. 3) He wished praise at the meeting held the day before. 4) I am glad____________(meet) you. I hope to see you soon.
(分析：1)to be held 2) to have been translated 3) to have been praised 4) to have met ) 4.doing / being done / having done 与 done
doing ：主动、进行或经常性的动作、状态 being done：被动、进行或经常性 having done：主动，完成于主动词之前
done：被动，完成的动作、或经常性的动作、状态 1） When heat , ice will turn into water.
2）While wander in the street, he came across an old friend of his.
3)The manager spoke at the conference, ___express his satisfaction with the project. 4)______wipe the table, the waitress asked the couple to be seated. 5)______raise geese for years, he became an expert at keeping geese.
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6)The book _____ publish last month is on grammar. 7)The project _____ carry out these days is to be completed by the end of this year. (分析: 1) heated 2) wandering 3) expressing 4) Having wiped 5) Having raised 6)published 7) being carried out )
5. 下列动词后只能接动名词(-ing)：suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise, consider, imagine, keep, appreciate, escape, permit。 Practice (By Li & Que)
1．The party was successful, but we thought it a pity not __________ you.
A.to have invited B. inviting C.to invite D. invited 2．-- If Mary doesn’t come to work on time, she may be fired.
--Surely she is not so foolish ___________ it.
A.as not to realize B. not as to realize C. that she didn’t realize D.as not realizing 3．The picure ________ on the wall is painted by my brother.
A.having hung B.hanging C.hangs D. being hung 4．I appreciate _____________ me during the debate.
A. of your supporting B. you to support C. your supporting D. to your supporting 5．The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ___________ the film stars had gone. A. tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 6．I know what kind of boss he is, so I know what ___________ of him.
A. expcted B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 7. __________ made all of them much disappointed. A. Her not coming back B. her not to come back C. Not her returning D. Not her being back
8．Mrs Smith warned her daughter ________________ after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive C.never driving D.never drive 9．The boy wanted to swim in the lake, but his mother told him _____________.
A. not to B. not to do C. not to do it D. do not to 10．I regret __________ you that we are unable to offer you the job.
A. inform B. having informed C. to inform D. informed
11．The flowers _________ sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt
12．Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases ___________ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known
13. While shopping, people sometimes can’t help ____________ into buying something they don’t really need.
A. to pursue B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 14．Cleaning women in big cities usually get ________ by the hour.
A.pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay
16.A number of new machines were installed in the factory, thus __________ an increase in production. A. to result in B. results C.resulting in D.resulted in
17.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when__________ at the meeting by my boss. A.questioning B.having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 18.__________, but he still couldn’t understand it.
A. He had been told many times B. having been told many times
C. told many times D. Although he had been told many times
19.___________ comfortably in her armchair, the old lady enjoyed light music on the MP3 with her eyes half ________.
A.Seated; closed B.Sat; closing C. Seating; closed D. sitting; close 20. ___________ made the student __________ interest in his study. A. Being punished; to lose B. Punished; lose
C. Being punished; lose D. having been punished; lose
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21.What worried the child most was ___________ to visit his mother in the hospital. A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed
C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed
22.All the managers agreed that the matter required _____________.
A. to look into B. being looked into C. to be looked into D. looking into 23．I feel it is your husband who ____________ for the spoiled child.
A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamed D. should blame. 24．She had no choice but ___________ to the end.
A. fight B. to fight C. fighting D. fought
25．Without facts, we can not form a worthwhile opinion, for we need factual knowledge _______ our thinking.
A.which to be based on B. on which to base C. which to base upon D. to which to be based
(keys: 1.A 2.A动词不定式的否定not to do 3.B hang“挂”表状态时用主动
4.C 5.BOnly to do表令人失望的结果 6.B(expect sth of sb 期待某人…eg. Don’t expect too mach of her(不要对她期望过高) 7.A 8.A 9. A动词不定式的省略10 C regret doing后悔做过…. regret to do对将做的事表示遗憾. 11.Bsmelling做定语12.D 13.Ccan’t help doing/being done情不自禁做…14.C get done = be done 16.Cdoing表结果17.C 18.A注意but应连接句子19.A 20Cdoing的被动being done做主语done 不能做主语 21.B 22.D require/need/want doing=require/need to be done 23.A.句式sb/sth is to blame((主动表被动) 24.B25.B介词+which +to do(做定语)，相当于一个定语从句—which we base our thinking on
四、 Model Verbs: 情态动词 (By Wang Ping) 一. 表示许可：有may, might, can, could。其中might. could则语气较委婉，但回答由他们引起的问句时，则不用might, could而用can。
1) May \\ Might \\ Can \\ Could I keep the book for a few days? Yes, you can. 否定形式可用may not, can not或must not，不用might not。 2)Visitors may not (或can not/mustn't) touch the button.
二、表示能力：can; be able to. be able to用于各种时态。在一般过去时中，若指“能够并且通过某种努力完成某桩事”，我们必须用be able to。 1) Cats can\\ are able to climb trees very quickly.
2) A big fire broke out last night, but everyone was able to escape from the house. 三、表示“责任和义务”的情态动词有must(主观),have to(客观), mustn’t 表示“不可以、不允许”，而have to否定形式：not have to/ needn't。
1) As there was no bus, we had to walk back home. (客观条件)
2) You mustn't shout like that to your parents. （不可以、不允许） 3) You don't have to\\ needn’t work if you don't feel well.
四、用于推测：must, may, might, can, could . 但疑问句中只能用can, could. 1) He looks pale. He__________ be ill.
2) ---Who _____it be? It _____(not) be Mr. Smith, for he has just left for Paris. ---It ________be Mr. Brown, for he has something to discuss with me.
3) He said he didn't feel very well. He _____(not) come to the meeting this evening. (1.must 2. can, can’t, must 3. may\\might not)
▲注意: 表推测时 must, should (ought to) , may, could , might 可能性依次递减。should, ought to “应该…”较多地用于预测将来的事。can表示理论上的可能性，用于泛指.may, could, might表示事实上的可能性，用于特指具体的，可能将要发生的事。 1) He should be back by now. 他现在该回来了。
2) The teacher has explained it several times. There ought to be no problem for them. 4) A dog can be dangerous to you 狗可能给人带来危险。（有这种可能性） This dog is very clever. It may (或might/could) help you find your key.
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