发布时间 : 星期日 文章专业四级语法与词汇辅导 -更新完毕开始阅读
A be B shall be C are to be D must be.
Eg. The resolution that women be allowed to join the society was carried out. 相关练习
1. I was to have finished cooking if ______.
A. I hadn’t been called away B. nobody called me C. I was not called away D. nobody should call me
2. Much as _______, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that sum of money.
A. I would have liked to B. l would like to C. I should like to D. had to 3. Had he been more diligent while at school, he ______ now. A. could have worked better B. could work better C. must work better D. should work better
4. It’s essential that we _______ in our study when difficulties appear; otherwise, everything will
be over. A. must hold on B. had better hold on C. hold on D. will hold on 5. What job are you going to take after graduation?
I’ve no idea now. But it’s about time I ____ on something. (decide)
6. If your car _______ any attention in the first 12 month, take it to your dealer as soon as
possible. A. would need B. should need C. needs D. shall need
Week 4
非谓语动词：
非谓语动词包括动名词、动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词。因为他们不在句中独立作谓语，因此在时态、数量、人称和语态上与主语一致。非谓语动词的使用将从以下几个方面来讲：
1． 非谓语动词作主语 2． 非谓语动词作宾语 3． 非谓语动词作补语 4． 非谓语动词作状语 1． 非谓语动词作主语
1）不定式和动名词在句中都可以做主语，区别在于不定式表示具体或一次性动作，而动名词表示一般或抽象动作。如：
To work in Beijing has been my long-cherished dream. Working is indispensable to our life.
2）不定式和动名词都可以用it来作形式主语。经常出现在以下句型中： It is no use/a waste of time/a good pleasure+动名词 It is useless+动名词：
It is useless speaking. Take actions at once. 不定式和动名词也可以出现在以下句型中： There is (was) no doing… 如：
There is no standing still in life; one must either advance or fall behind. 3） 不定式在for 后面的用法
The only way for you to avoid further embarrassment is to be absent from the coming party.
It is quite common for there _______ communication problems between people of different cultures. It is + adj + for there to be It is + adj + of there being . A. being B. to be C. be D. would be 2． 非谓语动词作宾语
1） 有些动词后只能接动名词（名词）作宾语，如：abandon, admit, advocate, escape, enjoy, risk,
pardon, resist, suggest, mind等；有些短语后也只能接动名词，如：can’t stand, can’t help, feel
like, put off, give up, have a good/hard time, have trouble/difficulty/a problem/ fun, waste time (in), there is no use, there is no point (in)+doing, in可以省略。
2） 有些动词只能接不定式作宾语，如：aim, ask, agree, claim, resolve, long, pretend, plan, refuse,
prepare to, volunteer等。
3） 有些既可以接动名词又可以接不定式 Would prefer, like, love to do… Like, love, prefer to do
Prefer doing A to doing B
4） 有些动词后接动名词和不定式有很大区别：
try, remember, forget, regret, stop, leave off, mean, go on 等。
My father regretted being an impostor in the driving test for my uncle, who was badly injured in a car accident last week.
I regret to tell you that I must be off now, since I will take the 10 o’clock train. I remember seeing you before.
They left off painting the wall a minute ago, so it is still wet.
They left off to paint another wall. “Cut off” means being out of contact.
I’m sorry I hurt you, but I didn’t mean to.
5） 有些动词后接动名词作宾语，接不定式作宾补，如：advise, allow, forbid, permit, recommend
等。 He doesn’t allow smoking in his office and he doesn’t allow his family to smoke at home.
When I asked my father what to do after college, my father recommended going abroad for my further study while my mother recommended me to take a job immediately.
3． 非谓语动词作补语
感官动词后接现在分词、过去分词和不定式表达不同的意义，如： I suddenly heard somebody singing next door. I often hear somebody sing next door.
I often heard this sad love song sung next door. 4． 非谓语动词作状语
1） 不定式在句中作原因状语，如： I’m sorry to hear that.
2） 不定式在句中作结果状语，如： too… to…；
但是，only too… to…，all too… to，only too…not to，all too…not to…表示“非常”，引导原因。如：
I’m only too pleased to accept your kind invitation.
I was all too sorry not to have accepted your kind invitation.
3） 分词表示伴随状况。分词的逻辑主语若与主语一致，则可以省略主语，若不一致，必须有自
己的逻辑主语。如：
Service industry is one of the country’s major source of wealth, tourism ______ a most important branch.
A. is B. being C. be D. been
His father being alone in the house, the big house seems bigger than usual. 相关练习
1. ______ is not a serious disadvantage in life.
A. To be not tall B. Not to be tall C. Being not tall D. Not being tall (非谓语动词的否定形式在前面加not)
2. I never regretted _____ the offer; it was not where my interest lay.
A. not accepting B. not to accept C. having not accepted D. not having accepted 3. _________ , he had to go to work after high school.
A. Not being admitted by any college B. Not having been admitted by any college C. Having not been admitted by any college D. Being admitted by no college 4. ______ in this way, the mountain is like a camel. A. looking at B. Looked at C. Being looked at D. To look at
5. What’s the chance of ______ a job interview in our college? (there be) 6. If not _____ equally to other employees, he would protest. (treat) 7. Time ____, the party will be held as scheduled. (permit)
8. Cancer is said _______ the number-one killer in this region over the past decade. A.to be B. to have been .
9. Jane Darlitong is said ______ one of the most fashionable actresses who are over 30. 10. There _____ nothing else to discuss, the meeting came to an end earlier. A. being B.to have been C. be D. was
短语动词：
词类考题主要是考学生动词与不同介词、副词搭配，名词与不同动词搭配，副词与不同动词搭配，都分别表达不同意思。
1. After a long busy time, she _____ writing her research paper.
A. got away with（steal sth and escape with it） B. got back at（get revenge on sb） C. got by(manage to live or to do sth)D. got round to
2. Mr. Wang’s promotion to professor ______ from next Monday. A. carries into effect B. takes effect C. has effect D. puts into effect carry, put, bring … into effect：使……生效
take, go, come into effect 独立使用，……开始生效 has effect：有影响或有效
3. He will answer ____his cheating in exams. (for sth: accept responsibility or blame for sth对---负责 , to sb: have to explain your actions or decisions to sb向某人为某事负责Eg: All sales clerks answer to the store manager所有店员向经理负责 , answer back回嘴，还嘴, ) His features answer（be suitable for sth，or match sth） the description given by the police. 4. Whenever possible, she shows ______ her wealth. (up, off, around)
5. She had to hand _____ her door key to the landlady after she had decided to change her job.
(over移交, in提交, out分发, down把某事物传下去， 6. She can’t get _____ because she has been disabled since the accident. (about=get around传
播，四处走动, through用完，耗尽，顺利通过考试等) 7. It will take you 20 minutes to get to the airport, ______ traffic delays. (accountingfor,allowing
for=include sth when counting sth , affording, acknowledging)
8. Due to personality ___________, the two colleagues never got on well in work. A contradiction B conflict C confrontation D competition
9.During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging ___ in the street. A about B on C over D out
10. There were _____ at the international conference this summer. A spectators B viewers C participants D onlookers. 11. Schools started on a ___ cold day in February. A severe B bitter C such D frozen
12. In the face of the unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ____ action. A determining B defensive C demanding D decisive
13. The team has been working overtime on the research project______. A lately B just now C late D long ago
14. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remained_________ A motionless B inactive C stagnant D immobile
15. The police had difficulty in ____ the fans from rushing onto the stage to take photos with the