发布时间 : 星期日 文章专业四级语法与词汇辅导 -更新完毕开始阅读
Hardly had I got onto the train when it left.
I was walking my pet dog after supper when my mobile phone rang. “An emergency meeting,” the message said.
2) not until 位于句首，要倒装；另外“It is not until …that”强调句型中只能用that，不可替换。 It is not until 16 years old that the boys and girls in some Indian villages really live together as a couple. E. 方式状语从句
As和the way (that)
She does her work as her boss has instructed. I hope I can speak English the way you do.
相关练习
1. Men differ from animals _______ they can think and speak.
A. for that B. in that C. in which D. for which
2. The scientist has made a great discovery , _______ of great importance to the progress in bio-chemistry.
A. I think which B. that I think C. which I think D. which I think it is
3. After ______ seemed a failure, she learned the importance of perseverance. A. that B. which C. it D. what
4. _______ old he is, he is young at heart and has a lot of child friends. A. As B. Though C. While D. However
5. The government has promised to do _______ lies in its power to improve the living condition of the earthquake-stricken area. A. whichever B. that C. whatever D. which
6. He is quite worn out form years of hard work. He is not the man _______ he was 20
years ago. A. that B. who C. whom D. which
7. _________, he is ready to accept different suggestions.
A. Instead of his notable contributions B. But for his notable contributions C. For all his notable contributions D. Except for his notable contribution 二、 形近义异词辨析
1. I must leave now. _______, I will introduce one of my friends to you next time I come
here. (incidentally, accidentally, eventually, naturally) 2. We have been hearing _______ accounts of your work. (favourite, favourable肯定的，
赞同的, favoured得到偏爱的中意的, favouring) 3. Your advice would be _______ valuable to me in my future work. (exceedingly极其，
非常, excessively过分的，过度的, extensively大量的, exclusively)
He writes ______ to China Daily.
I shop _______ in this big market.
The bar in the club is for the _______ use of its members.
4. The parents ______ expect that their son will pass the college entrance examination.
(confidentially, assuredly（certainly,definitely）, confidently, proudly) 5. In winter the drivers have trouble stopping their cars from ______on icy roads. A. skating B. skidding C. sliding D. slipping
6. Failure to follow the rules of the game _______ him from the football game.
A. dismissed B. disqualified(prevent sb from doing sthbecause they have broken a rule or not suitable 取消资格) C. disfavoured D. dispelled
7. Drive ahead and you will see a ______ to the Nanjing Road. (sign标牌，指示牌, signal
信号, mark, board)
8. The economic recession has meant that job ____ is a rare thing. (security, safety,
protection, stillness)
9. Once a picture is proved to be forgery, it becomes quite _____. (priceless, unworthy不配的，不相称的, worthless没用的，无价值的, invaluable=priceless) This is a bad plan _____ of our attention.
10. My cousin likes eating, but he is not ______ about the food he eats. (special, peculiar,
particular挑剔的, specific)
Week 3
虚拟语气及相关真题：
1． 虚拟条件句
2． 从句中的虚拟语气
3． 其他句型中的虚拟语气
I. 虚拟条件句
1．if 引导的虚拟条件句与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语动词以及主句谓语动词形式的变化。其中要注意将来时的表达形式：动词过去时/ if …should…/ if … were to…A.与现在事实相反：条件从句谓语形式动词---动词过去时(be—were)，主句谓语形式动词---should/would/could/might+动词原形.
B.与过去事实相反：条件从句谓语形式---动词had+过去分词，主句谓语形式动词---should/would/could/might +have+过去分词.
C.与将来事实相反：动词过去时或should +动词原形，were to+动词原形.
eg.
1) If you asked a professional athlete as how to do exercise, he would be able to advise you better than I can.
2) All of us would have enjoyed the night much more if the power ______(not) off.
2． 省略if 的虚拟条件句 3) 二 省略if 的虚拟条件句
4) 在虚拟条件句，有时可将if省去，而把were, had或should放到主句之前，引起倒装。如果
句中没有were, had或should，则不能省略if也不能倒装。 5) 1）_____you _____ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. 6) A If , had B Have , had C Should, have D In case, had
7) The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, ____ all practical value by the time they were finished.
8) A had lost B would have D would have lost D should have lost
9) _______ not for the fact that she got a bad cold, she would have come first in the speech contest.
10) _______ it snow tomorrow, I would come to see you for the last time.
2． 错综时间虚拟条件句
主句与从句表示的动作发生在不同的时间。
e.g.
________ surprised if I had arrived yesterday without calling you in advance?
If I _______ to the lecture the day before, I wouldn’t feel at loss now during the exam.
3． 含蓄虚拟条件句
相关引导词：with, without, but for, but that, otherwise, or, supposing, provided, in the absence of等 e.g
1) Without the media, we would be worse-informed.
2) With the data collected much earlier, I would have finished my research paper.
3) He wouldn’t be such an accomplished musician but that he hadn’t been born in to a family of musicians.
4) He is quite considerate of his employees; otherwise, he wouldn’t get so much support from them. 5) But for the money you lent me, I would have starved to death. II. 从句中的虚拟语气
1． 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1） wish 引导的虚拟语气
2） would rather, would sooner, would prefer +过去时，过去完成时 e.g.
I would rather you went to work after graduating from college.
I would rather I hadn’t been to the party yesterday evening; it was so dull. 3） If only 引导的虚拟语气
If only I had taken your advice years ago that one should concentrate on one thing at a time.
If only the patient hadn’t taken anti-biotics but had received different treatments, he might still be alive.
If only it were fine tomorrow, I would take a spring-out with my friends. 4） 在表示 建议、命令、要求等动词后的虚拟语气：
常用的动词有：ask, demand, require, suggest, advise, commend, decide, determine, insist, intend, move, propose, order, recommend 等，从句用should+动词原形，should 可以省略。 e.g.
He moved to the students union that more activities should be held to involve every student to participate m in.
The tourists asked that they have some time of their own so that they can do what they want and go where they desire.
2． 主语从句中的虚拟语气
常见的句型是It is +引起虚拟的形容词或过去分词+that…，从句中的谓语动词为 (should) +动词原形。常见的这类词有：imperative, urgent, necessary, advisable, vital, important, essential, preferable, desirable，suggested, recommended, desired, requested等。
It is imperative that we make frugal use of the resources available in case of financial crisis. It is desired one should be formally dressed at the job interview. 3． 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 表示愿望，、主张、命令、要求等的名词后面的表语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词为(should)+动词原形。常用的词有：advice, suggestion, order, desire, proposal, motion, demand, request, resolution, pray等 e.g.
My mother left an order that we shouldn’t turn on TV before she came back.. His desire was that he should be able to see the Olympics in Beijing. 4． 状语从句中的虚拟语气
1） 由as if, as though 引导的虚拟语气 2） be 引导的虚拟语气 e.g
________ rich or poor, I will marry him all the same
________ rainy or clear, I will start my journey to the mountains tomorrow for temporary seclusion.
IV. 其他句型中的虚拟语气
It is (high/about) time …sb did sth
It is time we ____ cutting down the rainforests.
1． A stopped B had to stop C shall stop D stop
2.Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she _____ much better results now.
A would be getting B could have got C must get D would get
3.He would have finished his college education, but he______ to quit and find a job to support his family.
A had had B has C had D would have
4._____ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?
A Would you be surprised B Were you surprised C Had you been surprised D Would you have been surprised
5. If there were no subjunctive mood in English ___much easier to learn. A could have been B would be C will be D would have been
6.It is absolutely essential that William ___ his study in spite of some learning difficulties. A will continue B continued C continue D continues
7.It is imperative that the government ___ more investment into shipbuilding industry. A. should attract B attracts C has to attract D shall attract
If only = I wish 后面的谓语动词用一般过去时表示目前的愿望，用过去完成时表示过去的愿望， 用would/could do 表示对将来期望。
表示与现在相反的愿望： wish/ if only +主语+动词过去时
表示与过去相反的愿望：wish/ if only +主语+过去分词；would/could+ have +过去分词 表示与将来相反的愿望：wish/ if only +主语+ would/could/might +动词原形
If only the patient ___ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.
A had received B received C should receive D were receiving if only: 但愿----- 就好了。
only if : 只要-----， 引导陈述语气的真实条件句，放在句首要倒装。
________ both sides accept the peace agreement _____ a lasting peace be established in this region.
A Only if, will B If only, would ＣShould, will D Unless, would 在
与
eagerness,
demand,
wish,
resolution,
idea,
motion,
plan,
order
,
proposal,recommendation,requirement, decision, suggestion 等名词相关的从句中， 谓语使用(should)+动词原形
I can understand their eagerness that you ______ the main speaker.